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61.
Quantitative Superresolution Microscopy Reveals Differences in Nuclear DNA Organization of Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
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Chirawadee Sathitruangsak Christiaan H. Righolt Ludger Klewes Pille Tammur Tiiu Ilus Anu Tamm Mari Punab Adebayo Olujohungbe Sabine Mai 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2015,116(5):704-710
The mammalian nucleus has a distinct substructure that cannot be visualized directly by conventional microscopy. In this study, the organization of the DNA within the nucleus of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, their precursor cells (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MGUS) and control lymphocytes of the representative patients is visualized and quantified by superresolution microscopy. Three‐dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D‐SIM) increases the spatial resolution beyond the limits of conventional widefield fluorescence microscopy. 3D‐SIM reveals new insights into the nuclear architecture of cancer as we show for the first time that it resolves organizational differences in intranuclear DNA organization of myeloma cells in MGUS and in MM patients. In addition, we report a significant increase in nuclear submicron DNA structure and structure of the DNA‐free space in myeloma nuclei compared to normal lymphocyte nuclei. Our study provides previously unknown details of the nanoscopic DNA architecture of interphase nuclei of the normal lymphocytes, MGUS and MM cells. This study opens new avenues to understanding the disease progression from MGUS to MM. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 704–710, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Govindan Selvakumar Satya N. Sushil Johnson Stanley Muthugounder Mohan Anu Deol Deepak Rai 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2011,21(7):821-827
We describe the isolation, biochemical characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenecity of a novel entomopathogenic bacterium Brevibacterium frigoritolerans to first instar larvae of Anomala dimidiata and Holotrichia longipennis. The almost full length 16S rRNA sequence of the bacterium has 99% identity with the type strain of B. frigoritolerans, while phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate formed a tightly linked branch with the type strain of B. frigoritolerans. Under in vitro bioassay conditions, the isolate infected and caused 89±5.4 and 74±7.7% mortality, in first instar larvae of A. dimidiata and H. longipennis, respectively. The infected larvae exhibited bacteremia like symptoms and mortality occurred between the second and fifth weeks after inoculation. This is an early report on the entomopathogenic potential of the hitherto lesser-known bacterium Brevibacterium frigoritolerans. 相似文献
65.
Fungi are usually thought not to have a boron (B) requirement. It is not known if mycorrhizas take up B from low concentrations
that are common in forest soils, as fungi might also immobilise B. Here, we studied the B concentrations in sporophores of
49 ectomycorrhizal and 10 saprotrophic fungi to assess whether B is translocated in mycelium or not. Additionally, P and metal
concentrations were measured for comparison. Variability both within species and between species was very large, as the lowest
measured B concentration was 0.01 mg kg−1 in Amanita muscaria, and the highest was 280 mg kg−1 in Paxillus involutus. There was no clear difference between saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi. The majority of species did not accumulate B at
more than 0.01–3 mg kg−1, but there were some species that consistently had median concentration values higher than 5–6 mg kg−1 and much higher maximum values, particularly Paxillus involutus, Lactarius necator and several Russula species. Most species increased their B concentration in B fertilised plots, but there were exceptions, particularly Rozites caperatus and Lactarius camphoratus. Boron concentrations did not correlate with those of other elements. In conclusion, B is translocated in the mycelia of most
of the studied species. The differences between species may be due to differences in their water use, or carbohydrates used
in translocation. It remains to be studied, if B concentrations in mycorrhizas or mycelia in soil are in the same order of
magnitude as the larger ones found here, and if this has any effects on the host plants. 相似文献
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Kiviniemi A Virta P Drenichev MS Mikhailov SN Lönnberg H 《Bioconjugate chemistry》2011,22(6):1249-1255
2'-O-[(2-Bromoethoxy)methyl]cytidine and 2'-O-[(2-azidoethoxy)methyl]cytidine have been prepared and introduced as appropriately protected 3'-phosphoramidite (1) and 3'-(H-phosphonate) (2) building blocks, respectively, into 2'-O-methyl oligoribonucleotides. The support-bound oligonucleotides were subjected to two consecutive conjugations with alkynyl-functionalized monosaccharides. The first saccharide was introduced by a Cu(I) promoted click reaction with 2 and the second by azidation of the 2-bromoethoxy group of 1 followed by the click reaction. The influence of the 2'-glycoconjugations on hybridization with DNA and 2'-O-methyl RNA targets was studied. Two saccharide units within a 15-mer oligonucleotide had a barely noticeable effect on the duplex stability, while introduction of a third one moderately decreased the melting temperature. 相似文献
67.
Background
Longevity expressed as the number of days between birth and death is a trait of great importance for both human and animal populations. In our analysis we use dairy cattle to demonstrate how the association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) located within selected genes with longevity can be modeled. Such an approach can be extended to any genotyped population with time to endpoint information available. Our study is focused on selected genes in order to answer the question whether genes, known to be involved into the physiological determination of milk production, also influence individual's survival.Results
Generally, the highest risk differences among animals with different genotypes are observed for polymorphisms located within the leptin gene. The polymorphism with a highest effect on functional longevity is LEP-R25C, for which the relative risk of culling for cows with genotype CC is 3.14 times higher than for the heterozygous animals. Apart from LEP-R25C, also FF homozygotes at the LEP-Y7F substitution attribute 3.64 times higher risk of culling than the YY homozygotes and VV homozygotes at LEP-A80V have 1.83 times higher risk of culling than AA homozygotes. Differences in risks between genotypes of polymorphisms within the other genes (the butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 gene, BTN1A1; the acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 gene, DGAT1; the leptin receptor gene, LEPR; the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2, ABCG2) are much smaller.Conclusions
Our results indicate association between LEP and longevity and are very well supported by results of other studies related to dairy cattle. In view of the growing importance of functional traits in dairy cattle, LEP polymorphisms should be considered as markers supporting selection decisions. Furthermore, since the relationship between both LEP polymorphism and its protein product with longevity in humans is well documented, with our result we were able to demonstrate that livestock with its detailed records of family structure, genetic, and environmental factors as well as extensive trait recording can be a good model organism for research aspects related to humans. 相似文献68.
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Agarwal A Srivastava K Puri SK Sinha S Chauhan PM 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2005,15(23):5218-5221
A small library of 20 trisubstituted pyrimidines were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial and antitubercular activities. Out of the total screened compounds, 16 compounds have shown in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum in the range of 0.25-2microg/mL and 8 compounds have shown antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Ra, at a concentration of 12.5microg/mL. 相似文献