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121.
Ana Paula Breda Andre Luis Pereira de Albuquerque Carlos Jardim Luciana Kato Morinaga Milena Mako Suesada Caio Julio Cesar Fernandes Bruno Dias Rafael Burgomeister Louren?o Joao Marcos Salge Rogerio Souza 《PloS one》2014,9(12)
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disease that is characterized by dyspnea and exercise intolerance. Impairment in skeletal muscle has recently been described in PAH, although the degree to which this impairment is solely determined by the hemodynamic profile remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to verify the association of structural and functional skeletal muscle characteristics with maximum exercise in PAH.Methods
The exercise capacity, body composition, CT area of limb muscle, quality of life, quadriceps biopsy and hemodynamics of 16 PAH patients were compared with those of 10 controls.Results
PAH patients had a significantly poorer quality of life, reduced percentage of lean body mass, reduced respiratory muscle strength, reduced resistance and strength of quadriceps and increased functional limitation at 6MWT and CPET. VO2 max was correlated with muscular variables and cardiac output. Bivariate linear regression models showed that the association between muscular structural and functional variables remained significant even after correcting for cardiac output.Conclusion
Our study showed the coexistence of ventilatory and quadriceps weakness in face of exercise intolerance in the same group of PAH patients. More interestingly, it is the first time that the independent association between muscular pattern and maximum exercise capacity is evidenced in PAH, independently of cardiac index highlighting the importance of considering rehabilitation in the treatment strategy for PAH. 相似文献122.
Evandro A. De-Souza Felipe S. A. Pimentel Caio M. Machado Larissa S. Martins Wagner S. da-Silva Mónica Montero-Lomelí Claudio A. Masuda 《Disease models & mechanisms》2014,7(1):55-61
Classic galactosemia is a human autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GALT gene (GAL7 in yeast), which encodes the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Here we show that the unfolded protein response pathway is triggered by galactose in two yeast models of galactosemia: lithium-treated cells and the gal7Δ mutant. The synthesis of galactose-1-phosphate is essential to trigger the unfolded protein response under these conditions because the deletion of the galactokinase-encoding gene GAL1 completely abolishes unfolded protein response activation and galactose toxicity. Impairment of the unfolded protein response in both yeast models makes cells even more sensitive to galactose, unmasking its cytotoxic effect. These results indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced under galactosemic conditions and underscores the importance of the unfolded protein response pathway to cellular adaptation in these models of classic galactosemia.KEY WORDS: Yeast, Galactosemia, UPR, Lithium, Galactose 相似文献
123.
Valdilene Canazart dos Santos Caio Roberto Soares Bragança Frederico José Vieira Passos Flávia Maria Lopes Passos 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2013,103(1):153-161
The fermentation of both glucose and xylose is important to maximize ethanol yield from renewable biomass feedstocks. In this article, we analyze growth, sugar consumption, and ethanol formation by the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus UFV-3 using various glucose and xylose concentrations and also under conditions of reduced respiratory activity. In almost all the conditions analyzed, glucose repressed xylose assimilation and xylose consumption began after glucose had been exhausted. A remarkable difference was observed when mixtures of 5 g L?1 glucose/20 g L?1 xylose and 20 g L?1 glucose/20 g L?1 xylose were used. In the former, the xylose consumption began immediately after the glucose depletion. Indeed, there was no striking diauxic phase, as observed in the latter condition, in which there was an interval of 30 h between glucose depletion and the beginning of xylose consumption. Ethanol production was always higher in a mixture of glucose and xylose than in glucose alone. The highest ethanol concentration (8.65 g L?1) and cell mass concentration (4.42 g L?1) were achieved after 8 and 74 h, respectively, in a mixture of 20 g L?1 glucose/20 g L?1 xylose. When inhibitors of respiration were added to the medium, glucose repression of xylose consumption was alleviated completely and K. marxianus was able to consume xylose and glucose simultaneously. 相似文献
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126.
José Mauricio Garcia Luisa Mendon?a Rodrigo Brant Murilo Abud Caio Regatieri Bruno Diniz 《World journal of stem cells》2015,7(1):160-164
In this review, we discuss about current knowledge about stem cell(SC) therapy in the treatment of retinal degeneration. Both human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell has been growth in culture for a long time, and started to be explored in the treatment of blinding conditions. The Food and Drug Administration, recently, has granted clinical trials using SC retinal therapy to treat complex disorders, as Stargardt’s dystrophy, and patients with geographic atrophy, providing good outcomes. This study ’s intent is to overview the critical regeneration of the subretinal anatomy through retinal pigment epithelium transplantation, with the goal of reestablish important pathways from the retina to the occipital cortex of the brain, as well as the differentiation from pluripotent quiescent SC to adult retina, and its relationship with a primary retinal injury, different techniques of transplantation, management of immune rejection and tumorigenicity, its potential application in improving patients’ vision, and, finally, approaching future directions and challenges for the treatment of several conditions. 相似文献
127.
Macedo ML Freire Md Franco OL Migliolo L de Oliveira CF 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology》2011,158(2):164-172
Digestive endoprotease activities of the coconut palm weevil, Homalinotus coriaceus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were characterized based on the ability of gut extracts to hydrolyze specific synthetic substrates, optimal pH, and hydrolysis sensitivity to protease inhibitors. Trypsin-like proteinases were major enzymes for H. coriaceus, with minor activity by chymotrypsin proteinases. More importantly, gut proteinases of H. coriaceus were inhibited by trypsin inhibitor from Inga laurina seeds. In addition, a serine proteinase inhibitor from I. laurina seeds demonstrated significant reduction of growth of H. coriaceus larvae after feeding on inhibitor incorporated artificial diets. Dietary utilization experiments show that 0.05% I. laurina trypsin inhibitor, incorporated into an artificial diet, decreases the consumption rate and fecal production of H. coriaceus larvae. Dietary utilization experiments show that 0.05% I. laurina trypsin inhibitor, incorporated into an artificial diet, decreases the consumption rate and fecal production of H. coriaceus larvae. We have constructed a three-dimensional model of the trypsin inhibitor complexed with trypsin. The model was built based on its comparative homology with soybean trypsin inhibitor. Trypsin inhibitor of I. laurina shows structural features characteristic of the Kunitz type trypsin inhibitor. In summary, these findings contribute to the development of biotechnological tools such as transgenic plants with enhanced resistance to insect pests. 相似文献
128.
Fagundes CT Souza DG Nicoli JR Teixeira MM 《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2011,13(14-15):1121-1132
We are not alone. The indigenous microbiota colonizes exposed surfaces and aids their hosts in several physiological activities. The transition between a non-colonized to a colonized state is associated with modification on the pattern of host inflammatory responsiveness. Therefore, innate immunity adapts to the colonized state of the host, suggesting that there is an acquired component in innate immune responses. 相似文献
129.
Fagundes CT Costa VV Cisalpino D Amaral FA Souza PR Souza RS Ryffel B Vieira LQ Silva TA Atrasheuskaya A Ignatyev G Sousa LP Souza DG Teixeira MM 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2011,5(12):e1449
Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by one of four serotypes of Dengue virus (DENV-1-4). Severe dengue infection in humans is characterized by thrombocytopenia, increased vascular permeability, hemorrhage and shock. However, there is little information about host response to DENV infection. Here, mechanisms accounting for IFN-γ production and effector function during dengue disease were investigated in a murine model of DENV-2 infection. IFN-γ expression was greatly increased after infection of mice and its production was preceded by increase in IL-12 and IL-18 levels. In IFN-γ(-/-) mice, DENV-2-associated lethality, viral loads, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration, and liver injury were enhanced, when compared with wild type-infected mice. IL-12p40(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) infected-mice showed decreased IFN-γ production, which was accompanied by increased disease severity, higher viral loads and enhanced lethality. Blockade of IL-18 in infected IL-12p40(-/-) mice resulted in complete inhibition of IFN-γ production, greater DENV-2 replication, and enhanced disease manifestation, resembling the response seen in DENV-2-infected IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Reduced IFN-γ production was associated with diminished Nitric Oxide-synthase 2 (NOS2) expression and NOS2(-/-) mice had elevated lethality, more severe disease evolution and increased viral load after DENV-2 infection. Therefore, IL-12/IL-18-induced IFN-γ production and consequent NOS2 induction are of major importance to host resistance against DENV infection. 相似文献
130.
Mexiletine (MEX), hydroxymethylmexiletine (HMM) and p-hydroxymexiletine (PHM) were analyzed in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS. The plasma samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl-tert-butyl ether as extracting solvent. MEX, HMM, and PHM enantiomers were resolved on a Chiralpak(R) AD column. Validation of the method showed a relative standard deviation (precision) and relative errors (accuracy) of less than 15% for all analytes studied. Quantification limits were 0.5 ng ml(-1) for the MEX and 0.2 ng ml(-1) for the HMM and PHM enantiomers. The validated method was successfully applied to quantify the enantiomers of MEX and its metabolites in plasma samples of rats (n = 6) treated with a single oral dose of racemic MEX. 相似文献