Restoration of blood rheological properties by means of SWF-irradiation at the frequency of nitric oxide molecular spectrum (in vivo)

We have investigated impact of electromagnetic SWF-oscillations at nitric oxide molecular spectrum of radiation and absorption (MSRA) on rheological blood properties of albino rats under the immobilizing stress. The SWF-irradiation was demonstrated to foster restoration of disordered rheological blood properties, its efficiency depending on the period of irradiation.     

Influence of MHF-radiation on nitrogen oxide molecular spectrum frequency and coagulation factors under experimental stress-reactions

The effects of EMR MHF of molecular spectrum of radiation and absorption of nitrogen oxide on blood coagulation properties in white rats subjected to immobilization stress, have been studied. It has been revealed that MHF irradiation of the animals results in restoration of hemostasis mechanism indices.     

The Biosynthesis of Low-Molecular-Weight Nitrogen-Containing Secondary Metabolites—Alkaloids—by the Resident Strains of Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium expansum Isolated on Board the Mir Space Station

The analysis of the absorption spectra of the low-molecular-weight nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites—alkaloids—of four Penicillium chrysogenum strains and six P. expansum strains isolated on board the Mir space station showed that all these strains synthesize metabolites of alkaloid origin (roquefortine, 3,12-dihydroroquefortine, meleagrin, viridicatin, viridicatol, isorugulosuvin, rugulosuvin B, N acetyltryptamine, and a yellow metabolite containing the benzoquinone chromophore).     

A two-step purification procedure for sheep liver 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase

A two-step procedure for the purification of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44; 6-PGDH) from sheep liver is described. The enzyme is directly bound to cellulose phosphate by batch extraction and eluted with a linear salt gradient. Purification is completed by affinity chromatography using NADP(+)-agarose. The result is 6-PGDH of high purity, greatly increased yield, and the highest specific activity yet achieved, with a significant reduction in the purification time.     

The Physico-Chemical Properties of Liposomes Made from Lipids of the Liver and Brain of Mice Receiving Nanolipid Complexes

Biophysics - We studied the physico-chemical properties of lipids of the most important organs (the liver and brain) of mice that received nanoliposomal complexes of different compositions in a...     

Hydraulic failure and tree dieback are associated with high wood density in a temperate forest under extreme drought

Catastrophic hydraulic failure will likely be an important mechanism contributing to large‐scale tree dieback caused by increased frequency and intensity of droughts under global climate change. To compare the susceptibility of 22 temperate deciduous tree and shrub species to hydraulic failure during a record drought in the southeastern USA, we quantified leaf desiccation, native embolism, wood density, stomatal conductance and predawn and midday leaf water potential at four sites with varying drought intensities. At the two driest sites, there was widespread leaf wilting and desiccation, and most species exhibited predawn leaf water potentials of ≤3 MPa and >60% loss of xylem conductivity in branches. Although species with high wood density were more resistant to cavitation, they had higher levels of native embolism and greater canopy dieback than species with low wood density. This unexpected result can be explained by the failure of species with dense wood to avert a decline in water potential to dangerous levels during the drought. Leaf water potential was negatively correlated with wood density, and the relationship was strongest under conditions of severe water deficit. Species with low wood density avoided catastrophic embolism by relying on an avoidance strategy that involves partial drought deciduousness, higher sensitivity of stomata to leaf water potential and perhaps greater rooting depth. These species therefore maintained water potential at levels that ensured a greater margin of safety against embolism. These differences among species may mediate rapid shifts in species composition of temperate forests if droughts intensify due to climate change.     

Delayed and transgenerational molecular and genetic effects of prolonged influence of ionizing radiation in nuclear plant workers

Genome variability and changes in immune homeostasis, induced in man in the course of long-term industrial contact with ionizing radiation (IR) sources were studied by using unique biomaterials stored in the Radiobiological Repository for Human Tissues at the Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, FMBA. The biomaterials, peripheral blood samples and blood DNA were obtained from the "Mayak" PA employers occupationally exposed to prolonged external gamma-radiation and/or internal alpha-radiation from incorporated 239Pu in a wide range of accumulated doses. A significant increase in the polymorphism of microsatellite-associated peripheral blood DNA repeats was revealed in a group of persons with accumulated doses of external gamma-radiation above 2.0 Gy, as well as in the descendants of parents with preconceptive doses of higher than 2.0 Gy. In persons whose parents had a preconceptive dose above 2.0 Gy, an increase in the gene p53 mutation rate was observed, and descendants of persons with dose of 3.0 Gy and higher showed mtDNA heteroplasmy, regardless of the sex of an exposed parent. Changes in the expression of membrane markers for the effector and regulatory T-lymphocytes depending on radiation type and dose load were determined. The growth factor level variations (TGF-beta1, EGF, HGF, FGF) in peripheral blood serum in persons exposed to radiation from gamma- or alpha-sources, allow us to consider them as biomarkers of radiation-induced disturbances in immune homeostasis. The concentration changes of TGF-beta1, apoptosis proteins (p53, TPA-cyk, sAPO-1/Fas), and the adhesion molecule sCD27 in the case of cardiovascular diseases in the serum of both irradiated and non-irradiated "Mayak" PA employers point to the information value of these immune response characteristics as specific biomarkers of cardiac disorders. It is proposed that the revealed changes in immune homeostasis and in the variability of somatic cell genome may provoke development of tumors and cardiovascular diseases in man in delayed periods after prolonged exposure to IR.