全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2639篇 |
免费 | 194篇 |
专业分类
2833篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 30篇 |
2018年 | 48篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 74篇 |
2015年 | 102篇 |
2014年 | 128篇 |
2013年 | 145篇 |
2012年 | 194篇 |
2011年 | 159篇 |
2010年 | 105篇 |
2009年 | 99篇 |
2008年 | 138篇 |
2007年 | 139篇 |
2006年 | 156篇 |
2005年 | 122篇 |
2004年 | 121篇 |
2003年 | 128篇 |
2002年 | 111篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 39篇 |
1999年 | 41篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 35篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 21篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有2833条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Zavala-Ortiz Daniel Arturo Ebel Bruno Guedon Emmanuel Marc Annie Barradas-Dermitz Dulce María Hayward-Jones Patricia Margaret Aguilar-Uscanga María Guadalupe 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》2020,43(4):747-752
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - Plant suspension culture is attracting interest as a promising platform to produce biological medicines due to the absence of virus, prions or DNA related to... 相似文献
72.
Ping Ren Valrie Nron Sergio Rossi Eryuan Liang Mathieu Bouchard Annie Deslauriers 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(4):2072-2080
Climate change is altering phenology; however, the magnitude of this change varies among taxa. Compared with phenological mismatch between plants and herbivores, synchronization due to climate has been less explored, despite its potential implications for trophic interactions. The earlier budburst induced by defoliation is a phenological strategy for plants against herbivores. Here, we tested whether warming can counteract defoliation‐induced mismatch by increasing herbivore‐plant phenological synchrony. We compared the larval phenology of spruce budworm and budburst in balsam fir, black spruce, and white spruce saplings subjected to defoliation in a controlled environment at temperatures of 12, 17, and 22°C. Budburst in defoliated saplings occurred 6–24 days earlier than in the controls, thus mismatching needle development from larval feeding. This mismatch decreased to only 3–7 days, however, when temperatures warmed by 5 and 10°C, leading to a resynchronization of the host with spruce budworm larvae. The increasing synchrony under warming counteracts the defoliation‐induced mismatch, disrupting trophic interactions and energy flow between forest ecosystem and insect populations. Our results suggest that the predicted warming may improve food quality and provide better growth conditions for larval development, thus promoting longer or more intense insect outbreaks in the future. 相似文献
73.
Oliver Selmoni Elia Vajana Annie Guillaume Estelle Rochat Stphane Joost 《Molecular ecology resources》2020,20(1):154-169
An increasing number of studies are using landscape genomics to investigate local adaptation in wild and domestic populations. Implementation of this approach requires the sampling phase to consider the complexity of environmental settings and the burden of logistical constraints. These important aspects are often underestimated in the literature dedicated to sampling strategies. In this study, we computed simulated genomic data sets to run against actual environmental data in order to trial landscape genomics experiments under distinct sampling strategies. These strategies differed by design approach (to enhance environmental and/or geographical representativeness at study sites), number of sampling locations and sample sizes. We then evaluated how these elements affected statistical performances (power and false discoveries) under two antithetical demographic scenarios. Our results highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate sample size, which should be modified based on the demographic characteristics of the studied population. For species with limited dispersal, sample sizes above 200 units are generally sufficient to detect most adaptive signals, while in random mating populations this threshold should be increased to 400 units. Furthermore, we describe a design approach that maximizes both environmental and geographical representativeness of sampling sites and show how it systematically outperforms random or regular sampling schemes. Finally, we show that although having more sampling locations (between 40 and 50 sites) increase statistical power and reduce false discovery rate, similar results can be achieved with a moderate number of sites (20 sites). Overall, this study provides valuable guidelines for optimizing sampling strategies for landscape genomics experiments. 相似文献
74.
Marika A. Schulhof Andrew E. Allen Eric E. Allen Natalie Mladenov John P. McCrow Natalie T. Jones Jessica Blanton Hamanda B. Cavalheri Drishti Kaul Celia C. Symons Jonathan B. Shurin 《Molecular ecology》2020,29(11):2080-2093
Warming, eutrophication (nutrient fertilization) and brownification (increased loading of allochthonous organic matter) are three global trends impacting lake ecosystems. However, the independent and synergistic effects of resource addition and warming on autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms are largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the independent and interactive effects of temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC, both allochthonous and autochthonous) and nitrogen (N) supply, in addition to the effect of spatial variables, on the composition, richness, and evenness of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities in lakes across elevation and N deposition gradients in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA. We found that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities are structured by temperature, terrestrial (allochthonous) DOC and latitude. Prokaryotic communities are also influenced by total and aquatic (autochthonous) DOC, while eukaryotic communities are also structured by nitrate. Additionally, increasing N availability was associated with reduced richness of prokaryotic communities, and both lower richness and evenness of eukaryotes. We did not detect any synergistic or antagonistic effects as there were no interactions among temperature and resource variables. Together, our results suggest that (a) organic and inorganic resources, temperature, and geographic location (based on latitude and longitude) independently influence lake microbial communities; and (b) increasing N supply due to atmospheric N deposition may reduce richness of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, probably by reducing niche dimensionality. Our study provides insight into abiotic processes structuring microbial communities across environmental gradients and their potential roles in material and energy fluxes within and between ecosystems. 相似文献
75.
76.
Prasanna Maruthi Podsiadla-Bialoskorska Malgorzata Mielecki Damian Ruffier Nicolas Fateh Amina Lambert Annie Fanuel Mathieu Camberlein Emilie Szolajska Ewa Grandjean Cyrille 《Glycoconjugate journal》2021,38(4):437-446
Glycoconjugate Journal - Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) have been used as immunogenic molecules in numerous recombinant vaccines. VLPs can also serve as vaccine platform to exogenous antigens, usually... 相似文献
77.
Bobby G. Ng Paulina Sosicka François Fenaille Annie Harroche Sandrine Vuillaumier-Barrot Mindy Porterfield Zhi-Jie Xia Shannon Wagner Michael J. Bamshad Marie-Christine Vergnes-Boiteux Sophie Cholet Stephen Dalton Anne Dell Thierry Dupré Mathieu Fiore Stuart M. Haslam Yohann Huguenin Tadahiro Kumagai Hudson H. Freeze 《American journal of human genetics》2021,108(6):1040-1052
78.
79.
Kumar Varun Muthu Kumar S. P. Tiku Purnima Kaul 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2021,27(4):2403-2415
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Elevation high plasma cholesterol plays a significant role in promoting the incidence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In... 相似文献
80.
Abstract The present paper deals with the embryological studies of ten species of Taraxacum, out of which nine polyploid species are apomictic and one diploid species T. wallichii shows normal sexual behaviour. Occasional formation of normal megaspore tetrads and triads are observed in tetraploid and triploid species. Autonomous development of endosperm from the secondary nucleus seems to be the rule. The growth of endosperm is relatively slow. 相似文献