Effects of lidocaine on axonal morphology,microtubules, and rapid transport in rabbit vagus In vitro

Treatment with lidocaine, at exposures which completely block impulse conduction and rapid axonal transport, resulted in a sequence of morphological effects on rabbit vagus never in vitro. Low exposures (0.3% for 90 min, 0.4% for 45 min, 0.6% for 25 min) caused a reorientation and proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER); the number of axonal microtubules either remained normal or was increased. Intermediate exposures (0.4% for 90 min, 0.6% for 45 min) Produced a similar effect on the SER, as well as causing a 50% reduction in microtubule number and some swelling of axons and Schwann cells. The highest exposure (0.6% for 75 min) caused over 90% reduction in microtubule number, a partial loss of neurofilaments, and severe swelling of axons, Schwann call, and mitochondria. Reversibility of these effects was tested in lidocaine-treated nerves that had been washed with fresh culture medium. There was good recovery of nerve exposures. After intermediate exposures, there was only partial return of rapid transport, even though imposures, there was morphological, and no recovery occured throughout the excised vagus nerve in efferent and afferent axons as well as Schwann cells, and these events did not coincide with changes in the functional state of rapid axonal transport.     

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Glomera coronaria der Katze

Zusammenfassung Die Gefäße der zwischen Aorta ascendens und Truncus pulmonalis, an der Vorder- und Hinterwand des Truncus pulmonalis gelegenen Glomera, sowie das sogenannte Glomus pulmonale der Katze lassen sich von den Coronararterien aus durch Tusche-Gelatine-Lösungen füllen. Die erwähnten Paraganglien sind als Chemoreceptorenfelder dem Coronarkreislauf angeschlossen und daher als Glomera coronaria zu bezeichnen. Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen ergaben eine morphologische Übereinstimmung mit dem Glomus caroticum. Vagusdurchtrennungen verursachen eine Degeneration der an den Glomuszellen gelegenen synaptischen Formationen sowie Veränderungen in Glomuszellen.

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Glomera coronaria of the cat

Summary The vessels of the glomera that lie between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk, on the anterior and posterior wall of the pulmonary trunk, as well as the so-called glomus pulmonale of the cat have been injected with gelatine-india ink mixture. The paraganglia mentioned above are associated with the coronary circulation as chemoreceptors and are designated as the glomera coronaria. The investigations demonstrate a morphologic similarity with the glomus caroticum. Section of the vagus causes a degeneration of the synaptic structures on the glomus cells as well as changes in the cells themselves.

Mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Transspecific variability of phosphohexose isomerase (E. C.: 5. 3. 1. 9) in primates

Summary The polymorphism of phosphohexose isomerase has been investigated in 428 subhuman Primates. 9 phosphohexose isomerase variants were found to be present. All of these are more negatively charged than the major band of PHI 1, the most common phenotype of human population. The distribution of the various PHI phenotypes has been estimated.

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Zusammenfassung Die Phosphohexoseisomerasen der Primaten zeigen eine genetisch determinierte Variabilität. Bei der Untersuchung von 428 subhumanen Primaten konnten wir 9 PHI-Varianten nachweisen, die stärker negativ geladen sind und daher mehr anodisch wandern als das Isoenzym PHI 1, das bei allen Menschenpopulationen weitaus am häufigsten vorkommt. Sie werden abweichend von der beim Menschen üblichen Nomenklatur als PHI B-J bezeichnet; PHI 1 des Menschen wäre als PHI A in dieses System einzuordnen.

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Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Zur transspezifischen Variabilität der NAD-Malatdehydrogenase (E.C.: 1.1.1.37) der Primaten

Zusammenfassung Die NAD-Malatdehydrogenase der Primaten zeigt eine genetisch determinierte Variabilität. Bei der Untersuchung von 425 subhumanen Primaten konnten vier Varianten nachgewiesen werden; ihre Verteilung wurde ermittelt.

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Transspecific variability of NDA-malate dehydrogenase in primates

Summary The NAD-Malate dehydrogenase in the erythrocytes of Primates show a transspecific variability. Four variants were found to be present in subhuman Primates; their distribution in 425 individuals was estimated.

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Mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Zur transspezifischen Variabilität der Glucose-6-Phosphatdehydrogenase (E.C.: 1.1.1.49) der Primaten

Zusammenfassung Bei subhumanen Primaten können auf Grund ihrer unterschiedlichen Wandergeschwindigkeit in der Elektrophorese fünf verschiedene Glucose-6-Phosphatdehydrogenase-Varianten nachgewiesen werden. Die Verteilung dieser Varianten wurde ermittelt.

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Transspecific variability of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C.: 1.1.1.49) in Primates

Summary On the basis of their different electrophoretic mobility five Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants are detectable in subhuman Primates: G-6-PD D, G-6-PD C, G-6-PD B, G-6-PD E, G-6-PD F. Their distribution in 428 individuals was estimated.

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Mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Complementation between mutants of Phycomyces deficient with respect to carotenogenesis

Summary White and red mutants of Phycomyces, derived from two independent wild types (yellow) by mutagenesis using nitrosoguanidine, either in a single step (26 white, 5 red mutants), or in two steps (10 white mutants, from one of the red mutants) were studied with respect to complementation in heterokaryons. The tests clearly establish the involvement of three and only three genes, here named carA, carB, and carB. The carA and the carR mutants are white, the carA mutants do not accumulate phytoene, the carB mutants do. The carR mutants are red and accumulate lycopene. The two step mutants are either carA and carR, or carB and carR double mutants. A few of the white mutants obtained in a single mutagenization step are affected in carA and carR. They may be polar mutants in an operon or accidental double mutants.