Interaction of water with a benzimidazole derivative: fluorescence and colorimetric recognition of trace level water involving intra‐molecular charge transfer process

Benzimidazole‐derived ICT‐based probe, DFPBEN is developed for trace level determination of water. In presence of water, the naked eye color of DFPBEN changes from red to yellow, while it turns to green from red under UV light. Upon addition of water, DFPBEN shows a ratiometric absorbance change in methanol. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Single-cell resolved imaging reveals intra-tumor heterogeneity in glycolysis,transitions between metabolic states,and their regulatory mechanisms

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A thiol-activated lipase from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trichosporon asahii</Emphasis> MSR 54: detergent compatibility and presoak formulation for oil removal from soiled cloth at ambient temperature

An alkaline lipase from Trichosporon asahii MSR 54 was used to develop presoak formulation for removing oil stains at ambient temperature. The lipase was produced in a reactor followed by concentration by ultrafiltration and then it was dried with starch. The biochemical characteristics of enzyme showed that it was an alkaline lipase having pH activity in the range of pH 8.0–10.0 and temperature in the range of 25–50°C. The present lipase was active >80% at 25°C. The lipase was cystein activated with fourfold enhancement in presence of 5 mM cystein and likewise the activity was also stimulated in presence of papain hydrolysate which served as source of cystein. The presoak formulation consisted of two components A and B, component A was enzyme additive and B was a mixture of carbonate/bicarbonate source of alkali and papain hydrolysate as source of cystein. The results indicated that the presoaking in enzyme formulation followed by detergent washing was a better strategy for stain removal than direct washing with detergent in presence of lipase. Further, it was observed that 0.25% presoak component B in presence of 100 U enzyme component A (0.1 g) was the best formulation in removing maximum stain from mustard oil/triolein soiled clothes as indicated by increase in reflectance which was found equal to that of control cloth. The lipase action in presoaked formulation was clearly indicated by quantitated fatty acid release and also the TLC results of wash water, where oil hydrolytic products were visible only in presence of enzyme in the treatment. The wash performance carried at 25°C indicated that washing at 25°C was at par with that at 40°C as indicated by similar reflectance of the washed cloth piece though qualitative fatty acid release was higher at 40°C.