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81.
Drzymała-Czyż S Banasiewicz T Tubacka M Tarasiuk-Rusek A Majewski P Drews M Walkowiak J 《Folia histochemica et cytobiologica / Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Histochemical and Cytochemical Society》2012,50(1):125-129
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) potentially modulates inflammatory processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of DHA supplementation on the expression of intestinal inflammation and nutritional status in rats which have undergone restorative proctocolectomy. Twenty-four Wistar rats were operated. After the induction of pouchitis, animals were randomly divided into a control group (CG) and supplementation groups receiving respectively a semi-synthetic diet without or with DHA (in a lower or higher dose, respectively known as the lower dose, LD, and higher dose, HD, groups) for six weeks. Selected nutritional parameters were assessed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of pouch mucosa specimens was also performed. The effectiveness of feeding and quality of stools were significantly better in the HD group than in the CG. The intensity of inflammation (Moskovitz scale) was higher in HD and LD than in CG (p = 0.03 and p = 0.0006, respectively). Nevertheless, pouch adaptation (Laumonier scale) was more significant in LD than in CG (p = 0.007). On the other hand, tissue expression of IL-1α and IL-10 was higher in HD and LD than in CG (IL-1α, p = 0.009 and p = 0.05, respectively; IL-10, p = 0.04 for both). DHA supplementation has no impact on body weight gain. Yet it seems that it may improve the effectiveness of nutrition and stool quality in rats which have undergone restorative proctocolectomy. Simultaneously, it increases the intensity of pouch adaptation and inflammation. The specificity of observed changes is not clear. However, it may imply potential modulation of inflammatory processes of pouch mucosa. 相似文献
82.
El?bieta Kuta Jerzy Bohdanowicz Aneta S?omka Maria Pilarska Hermann Bothe 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》2012,298(2):445-455
Two zinc violets, the yellow form of the Aachen–Liège area and the blue morph of Blankenrode in western Westphalia, have very
restricted occurrence on heavy metal waste heaps. Their taxonomic affinities have not been finally resolved. The flower micromorphological
analysis presented here indicates that both zinc violets are closely related to the alpine Viola lutea, in line with our earlier published molecular data, but not with the conclusions of other authors. The zinc violets are classed
at the rank of subspecies as V. lutea: ssp. calaminaria for the yellow zinc violet and ssp. westfalica for its blue counterpart. Although the violets examined (V. lutea, V. lutea ssp. calaminaria, V. lutea ssp. westfalica) are closely related, there is no evidence that V. lutea ssp. westfalica is a descendent of V. tricolor. Here we provide the most detailed information on generative organ structure in the four violets studied. 相似文献
83.
Gaj P Maryan N Hennig EE Ledwon JK Paziewska A Majewska A Karczmarski J Nesteruk M Wolski J Antoniewicz AA Przytulski K Rutkowski A Teumer A Homuth G Starzyńska T Regula J Ostrowski J 《PloS one》2012,7(4):e35307
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are the most commonly diagnosed cancers and cancer-related causes of death in Poland. To date, numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility to both cancer types have been identified, but their effect on disease risk may differ among populations.Methods
To identify new SNPs associated with PCa and CRC in the Polish population, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using DNA sample pools on Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP 6.0 arrays. A total of 135 PCa patients and 270 healthy men (PCa sub-study) and 525 patients with adenoma (AD), 630 patients with CRC and 690 controls (AD/CRC sub-study) were included in the analysis. Allele frequency distributions were compared with t-tests and χ2-tests. Only those significantly associated SNPs with a proxy SNP (p<0.001; distance of 100 kb; r2>0.7) were selected. GWAS marker selection was conducted using PLINK. The study was replicated using extended cohorts of patients and controls. The association with previously reported PCa and CRC susceptibility variants was also examined. Individual patients were genotyped using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays.Results
The GWAS selected six and 24 new candidate SNPs associated with PCa and CRC susceptibility, respectively. In the replication study, 17 of these associations were confirmed as significant in additive model of inheritance. Seven of them remained significant after correction for multiple hypothesis testing. Additionally, 17 previously reported risk variants have been identified, five of which remained significant after correction.Conclusion
Pooled-DNA GWAS enabled the identification of new susceptibility loci for CRC in the Polish population. Previously reported CRC and PCa predisposition variants were also identified, validating the global nature of their associations. Further independent replication studies are required to confirm significance of the newly uncovered candidate susceptibility loci. 相似文献84.
A linear correlation between harmonic and anharmonic frequencies of water calculated at B3LYP level of theory was observed with a number of basis sets. Similar relationships were found in both the gas phase and solution for several small molecules. The best correlation was found for C = O stretch mode in formaldehyde, formamide and N-methylacetamide. The average difference between B3LYP harmonic and anharmonic ν(C = O) frequencies calculated with several basis sets in these molecules was 30 cm(-1). The ad hoc correction of -30 cm(-1), added to harmonic frequencies of two different carbonyl groups present in a structure of a larger molecule was tested as a fast way of predicting anharmonic frequencies without elaborated calculations. The proposed approach was tested successfully on a larger molecule of E and Z isomers of N-acetyl-α,β-dehydrophenylalanine N',N'-dimethylamide [Ac-(E/Z)-ΔPhe-NMe(2)] and the estimated anharmonic ν(C = O) frequencies were close to directly calculated results. 相似文献
85.
86.
Patagifer Dietz, 1909 is revised and a key to the species is presented. P. oweni n. sp. is described from Threskiornis molucca (Cuvier) in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea and distinguished from the related P. chandrapuri Srivastava, 1952 by: the shape of the pair of large angle spines (cudgel-shaped vs sub-rectangular); pointed (vs rod-shaped) marginal spines; a smaller body and internal organs; more anteriorly located testes; and larger eggs. The new species differs from P. brygooi Richard, 1964 in its larger body, head collar, suckers, pharynx and eggs, longer oesophagus and testes, the latter being also more elongate and more anteriorly located, and a different number of collar spines (61-62 vs 59). P. bilobus (Rudolphi, 1819) (the type-species), P. parvispinosus Yamaguti, 1933, P. chandrapuri and P. vioscai Lumsden, 1962 are redescribed on the basis of museum and newly collected material. The variations in the number and size of the collar spines and other metrical characters of P. bilobus are studied in two different host species from Europe, Plegadis falcinellus and Platalea leucorodia. Other species considered valid are: Patagifer consimilis Dietz, 1909, P. acuminatus Johnston, 1917, P. fraternus Johnston, 1917, P. wesleyi Verma, 1936, P. brygooi and P. toki Onda, Imai & Ishii, 1983. P. plegadisi Sakla, Monib & Mandour, 1988 and P. simarai Nigam, 1944 are considered synonyms of P. bilobus, and P. sarai Saksena, 1957 is placed in synonymy with P. chandrapuri. Forms considered dubious are: P. bilobus of Machida et al. (Jpn J Parasitol 15:339, 1966) and Machida (Bull Natl Sci Mus Tokyo 11:157-160, 1968), P. simerai [sic] of Mehra (The fauna of India and adjacent countries. Platyhelminthes, 1980), P. skrjabini Hilmy, 1949 sp. inq. and P. srivastavai Peter, 1954 sp. inq. Lists of the records and hosts of the 11 valid species are included. 相似文献
87.
88.
In order to gain an insight into the dynamics of the cardiovascular system throughout which the blood circulates, the signals
measured from peripheral blood flow in humans were analyzed by calculating the Lyapunov exponents. Over a wide range of algorithm
parameters, paired values of both the global and the local Lyapunov exponents were obtained, and at least one exponent equaled
zero within the calculation error. This may be an indication of the deterministic nature and finite number of degrees of freedom
of the cardiovascular system governing the blood-flow dynamics on a time scale of minutes. A difference was observed in the
Lyapunov dimension of controls and athletes. 相似文献
89.
Comparative morphology of surface ultrastructure of diphyllobothriidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)
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Microtriches on the scolices and adjacent strobila of seven species of diphyllobothriidean cestodes (Bothridium pithonis, Cephalochlamys namaquensis, Dibothriocephalus latus, Duthiersia expansa, D. fimbriata, Ligula intestinalis, and Schistocephalus solidus) from different hosts (frogs, snakes, lizards, birds, and mammals) and biogeographic areas were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The basic structure of the tegument of the seven species studied does not differ markedly from that found in other cestodes. The main characteristic is the presence of electron‐dense bodies and vesicles in the distal cytoplasm. However, this study has shown differences in the morphology of microtriches even among species of the same family. Two different types of microtriches were found, filitriches and spinitriches, with the latter represented by two forms. Our study reveals that capilliform filitriches are most commonly found in Diphyllobothriidea. They were observed mainly on the strobila and the scolices of all but one studied species; individuals of L. intestinalis bore only coniform spinitriches on their surface. The same type of microtriches was found on the cirrus in D. latus. Gladiate spinitriches covered the scolex in both species of Duthiersia, and gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches were observed on the anterior part of the strobila in D. fimbriata and the posterior part of the scolex in B. pithonis. Individuals of C. namaquensis were covered only by small acicular filitriches. No obvious pattern in the type and distribution of microtriches was observed among species that belong to different families and parasitize distantly related definitive hosts. 相似文献
90.
Fine‐scale genetic structure in an eastern Alpine black grouse Tetrao tetrix metapopulation
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Marcia Sittenthaler Florian Kunz Aneta Szymusik Veronika Grünschachner‐Berger Susanne Krumböck Christian Stauffer Ursula Nopp‐Mayr 《Journal of avian biology》2018,49(5)
Understanding genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation is crucial for the management and conservation of wildlife populations, especially in case of species sensitive to environmental changes and landscape alteration. In central Europe, the Alps are the core area of black grouse Tetrao tetrix distribution. There, black grouse dispersal is limited by high altitude mountain ridges and recent black grouse habitats are known to show some degree of natural fragmentation. Additionally, substantial anthropogenic fragmentation has occurred within the past ninety years. Facing losses of peripheral subpopulations and ongoing range contractions, we explored genetic variability and the fine‐scale genetic structure of the Alpine black grouse metapopulation at the easternmost fringe of the species’ Alpine range. Two hundred and fifty tissue samples and non‐invasive faecal and feather samples of eleven a priori defined subpopulations were used for genetic analysis based on nine microsatellite loci. Overall, eastern Alpine black grouse show similar amounts of genetic variation (HO = 0.65, HE = 0.66) to those found in more continuous populations like in Scandinavia. Despite of naturally and anthropogenically fragmented landscapes, genetic structuring was weak (global FST < 0.05), suggesting that the actual intensity of habitat fragmentation does not completely hamper dispersal, but probably restricts it to some extent. The most peripheral subpopulations at the edge of the species range show signs of genetic differentiation. The present study gives new insights into the population genetic structure of black grouse in the eastern Alps and provides a more fine‐scale view of genetic structure than previously available. Our findings will contribute to monitor the current and future status of the population under human pressures and to support supra‐regional land use planning as well as decision making processes in responsibilities of public administration. 相似文献