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221.
Chiyori Haga Naoki Kondo Kohta Suzuki Miri Sato Daisuke Ando Hiroshi Yokomichi Taichiro Tanaka Zentaro Yamagata 《PloS one》2012,7(12)
Background
The aims of this study were to 1) determine the distinct patterns of body mass index (BMI) trajectories in Japanese children, and 2) elucidate the maternal factors during pregnancy, which contribute to the determination of those patterns.Methodology/Principal Findings
All of the children (1,644 individuals) born in Koshu City, Japan, between 1991 and 1998 were followed in a longitudinal study exploring the subjects’ BMI. The BMI was calculated 11 times for each child between birth and 12 years of age. Exploratory latent class growth analyses were conducted to identify trajectory patterns of the BMI z-scores. The distribution of BMI trajectories were best characterized by a five-group model for boys and a six-group model for girls. The groups were named “stable thin,” “stable average,” “stable high average,” “progressive overweight,” and “progressive obesity” in both sexes; girls were allocated to an additional group called “progressive average.” Multinomial logistic regression found that maternal weight, smoking, and skipping breakfast during pregnancy were associated with children included in the progressive obesity pattern rather than the stable average pattern. These associations were stronger for boys than for girls.Conclusions/Significance
Multiple developmental patterns in Japanese boys and girls were identified, some of which have not been identified in Western countries. Maternal BMI and some unfavorable behaviors during early pregnancy may impact a child’s pattern of body mass development. Further studies to explain the gender and regional differences that were identified are warranted, as these may be important for early life prevention of weight-associated health problems. 相似文献222.
223.
Koyama S Hata S Witt CC Ono Y Lerche S Ojima K Chiba T Doi N Kitamura F Tanaka K Abe K Witt SH Rybin V Gasch A Franz T Labeit S Sorimachi H 《Journal of molecular biology》2008,376(5):1224-1236
During pathophysiological muscle wasting, a family of ubiquitin ligases, including muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1), has been proposed to trigger muscle protein degradation via ubiquitination. Here, we characterized skeletal muscles from wild-type (WT) and MuRF1 knockout (KO) mice under amino acid (AA) deprivation as a model for physiological protein degradation, where skeletal muscles altruistically waste themselves to provide AAs to other organs. When WT and MuRF1 KO mice were fed a diet lacking AA, MuRF1 KO mice were less susceptible to muscle wasting, for both myocardium and skeletal muscles. Under AA depletion, WT mice had reduced muscle protein synthesis, while MuRF1 KO mice maintained nonphysiologically elevated levels of skeletal muscle protein de novo synthesis. Consistent with a role of MuRF1 for muscle protein turnover during starvation, the concentrations of essential AAs, especially branched-chain AAs, in the blood plasma significantly decreased in MuRF1 KO mice under AA deprivation. To clarify the molecular roles of MuRF1 for muscle metabolism during wasting, we searched for MuRF1-associated proteins using pull-down assays and mass spectrometry. Muscle-type creatine kinase (M-CK), an essential enzyme for energy metabolism, was identified among the interacting proteins. Coexpression studies revealed that M-CK interacts with the central regions of MuRF1 including its B-box domain and that MuRF1 ubiquitinates M-CK, which triggers the degradation of M-CK via proteasomes. Consistent with MuRF1's role of adjusting CK activities in skeletal muscles by regulating its turnover in vivo, we found that CK levels were significantly higher in the MuRF1 KO mice than in WT mice. Glucocorticoid modulatory element binding protein-1 and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, previously identified as potential MuRF1-interacting proteins, were also ubiquitinated MuRF1-dependently. Taken together, these data suggest that, in a multifaceted manner, MuRF1 participates in the regulation of AA metabolism, including the control of free AAs and their supply to other organs under catabolic conditions, and in the regulation of ATP synthesis under metabolic-stress conditions where MuRF1 expression is induced. 相似文献
224.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected macrophages damage mature neurons in the brain, although their effect on neuronal development has not been clarified. In this study, we show that HIV-1-infected macrophages produce factors that impair the development of neuronal precursor cells and that soluble viral protein R (Vpr) is one of the factors that has the ability to suppress axonal growth. Cell biological analysis revealed that extracellularly administered recombinant Vpr (rVpr) clearly accumulated in mitochondria where a Vpr-binding protein adenine nucleotide translocator localizes and also decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, which led to ATP synthesis. The depletion of ATP synthesis reduced the transportation of mitochondria within neurites. This mitochondrial dysfunction inhibited axonal growth even when the frequency of apoptosis was not significant. We also found that point mutations of arginine (R) residues to alanine (A) residues at positions 73, 77, and 80 rendered rVpr incapable of causing mitochondrial membrane depolarization and axonal growth inhibition. Moreover, the Vpr-induced inhibition was suppressed after treatment with a ubiquinone analogue (ubiquinone-10). Our results suggest that soluble Vpr is a major viral factor that causes a disturbance in neuronal development through the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. Since ubiquinone-10 protects the neuronal plasticity in vitro, it may be a therapeutic agent that can offer defense against HIV-1-associated neurological disease. 相似文献
225.
Subsidy between ecosystems has been considered in many natural ecosystems, and should alter food webs and communities in human-impacted
ones. We estimated how drifting plankton from a reservoir contribute to downstream food webs and showed that they alter community
structures over a 10-km reach below the dam. To estimate the contribution of the drifting plankton to macroinvertebrates,
we used C and N isotopes and an IsoSource mixing model. In spring and autumn, contributions of plankton to collector-filterer
species were highest 0.2 km downstream of the dam, and clearly decreased from 0.2 to 10 km. At 0.2 km, the contribution of
plankton to a predator stonefly was remarkably high. These results indicated that drifting plankton from a dam reservoir could
subsidize downstream food webs and alter their energy base, but the importance of this subsidy decreased as distance from
the reservoir increased. The general linear models indicated that the abundance of collector-filterers and predators was related
positively to zooplankton density in stream water. Thus, food source alteration by drifting plankton also influenced the community
structures downstream of the dam. 相似文献
226.
Imamura A Yoshikawa T Komori T Ando M Ando H Wakao M Suda Y Ishida H Kiso M 《Glycoconjugate journal》2008,25(3):269-278
A series of ganglioside GM1-, GM2-, and GM3-type probes, in which the ceramide portion is replaced with a glucose residue,
were systematically synthesized based on a convergent synthetic method. 相似文献
227.
Microsatellite diversity and crossover regions within homozygous and heterozygous SLA haplotypes of different pig breeds 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ando A Uenishi H Kawata H Tanaka-Matsuda M Shigenari A Flori L Chardon P Lunney JK Kulski JK Inoko H 《Immunogenetics》2008,60(7):399-407
Our aim was to investigate microsatellite (MS) diversity and find crossover regions at 42 polymorphic MS loci in the swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genomic region of 72 pigs with different well-defined homozygous and heterozygous SLA haplotypes. We analyzed the genetic polymorphisms of 42 MS markers in 23 SLA homozygous-heterozygous, common pig breeds with 12 SLA serological haplotypes and 49 National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Clawn homozygous-heterozygous miniature pigs with nine SLA serological or genotyped haplotypes including four recombinant haplotypes. In comparing the same and different haplotypes, both haplospecific patterns and allelic variations were observed at the MS loci. Some of the shared haplotype blocks extended over 2 Mb suggesting the existence of strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the entire SLA region. Crossover regions were easily defined by the MS markers within the class I and/or III region in the NIH and Clawn recombinant haplotypes. The present haplotype comparison shows that our set of MS markers provides a fast and cost-efficient alternative, or complementary, method to the serological or sequence-based determination of the SLA alleles for the characterization of SLA haplotypes and/or the crossover regions between different haplotypes. 相似文献
228.
Dhananjeyan MR Trendel JA Bykowski C Sarver JG Ando H Erhardt PW 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2008,867(2):247-252
A sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for simultaneous determination of procaine and its metabolite p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) from human and rat liver tissue extracts. The method has been validated according to ICH guidelines in terms of selectivity, linearity, lower limit of detection, lower limit of quantitation, accuracy, precision and recovery from human and rat liver tissue extracts. Chromatography was carried out on a Discovery C(18) column using 10mM ammonium acetate at pH 4.0 and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Retention times for procaine and PABA were 6.6 and 5.3 min, respectively. Linearity for each calibration curve in both tissue extracts was observed across a range from 10 microM to 750 microM for procaine and PABA. The lower limit of detection for both procaine and PABA was 5 microM and the lower limit of quantitation was 10 microM in both tissue extracts. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) for both procaine and PABA were <6%. Recoveries of procaine and PABA from human and rat liver tissue extracts were determined by two different methods with a single-step protein precipitation technique being employed in both methods. Recoveries for both procaine and PABA were greater than 80% from both human and rat liver tissue extracts. 相似文献
229.
Hiroki Nishimura Gen Komaki Tetsuya Ando Toshihiro Nakahara Takakazu Oka Keisuke Kawai Toshihiko Nagata Aya Nishizono Yuri Okamoto Kenjiro Okabe Masanori Koide Chikara Yamaguchi Satoshi Saito Kazuyoshi Ohkuma Katsutaro Nagata Tetsuro Naruo Masato Takii Nobuo Kiriike Toshio Ishikawa 《BioPsychoSocial medicine》2008,2(1):1-8
Background
Over the last five to ten years there has been an increase in psychosomatic complaints (PSC) in Swedish children. The objective of the study was to examine the relation between PSC and sense of coherence (SOC). 相似文献230.
Thera MA Doumbo OK Coulibaly D Diallo DA Kone AK Guindo AB Traore K Dicko A Sagara I Sissoko MS Baby M Sissoko M Diarra I Niangaly A Dolo A Daou M Diawara SI Heppner DG Stewart VA Angov E Bergmann-Leitner ES Lanar DE Dutta S Soisson L Diggs CL Leach A Owusu A Dubois MC Cohen J Nixon JN Gregson A Takala SL Lyke KE Plowe CV 《PloS one》2008,3(1):e1465