排序方式: 共有71条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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Colin Scott Gunjan Pandey Carol J. Hartley Colin J. Jackson Matthew J. Cheesman Matthew C. Taylor Rinku Pandey Jeevan L. Khurana Mark Teese Chris W. Coppin Kahli M. Weir Rakesh K. Jain Rup Lal Robyn J. Russell John G. Oakeshott 《Indian journal of microbiology》2008,48(1):65-79
Enzymes are central to the biology of many pesticides, influencing their modes of action, environmental fates and mechanisms
of target species resistance. Since the introduction of synthetic xenobiotic pesticides, enzymes responsible for pesticide
turnover have evolved rapidly, in both the target organisms and incidentally exposed biota. Such enzymes are a source of significant
biotechnological potential and form the basis of several bioremediation strategies intended to reduce the environmental impacts
of pesticide residues. This review describes examples of enzymes possessing the major activities employed in the bioremediation
of pesticide residues, and some of the strategies by which they are employed. In addition, several examples of specific achievements
in enzyme engineering are considered, highlighting the growing trend in tailoring enzymatic activity to a specific biotechnologically
relevant function. 相似文献
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Sanjeet Mishra Jeevan Jyot Ramesh Chander Kuhad Banwari Lal 《Current microbiology》2001,43(5):328-335
A field-scale study was conducted in a 4000 m2 plot of land contaminated with an oily sludge by use of a carrier-based hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial consortium for bioremediation.
The land belonged to an oil refinery. Prior to this study, a feasibility study was conducted to assess the capacity of the
bacterial consortium to degrade oily sludge. The site selected for bioremediation contained approximately 300 tons of oily
sludge. The plot was divided into four blocks, based on the extent of contamination. Blocks A, B, and C were treated with
the bacterial consortium, whereas Block D was maintained as an untreated control. In Block A, at time zero, i.e., at the beginning
of the experiment, the soil contained as much as 99.2 g/kg of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). The application of a bacterial
consortium (1 kg carrier-based bacterial consortium/10 m2 area) and nutrients degraded 90.2% of the TPH in 120 days, whereas in block D only 16.8% of the TPH was degraded. This study
validates the large-scale use of a carrier-based bacterial consortium and nutrients for the treatment of land contaminated
with oily sludge, a hazardous hydrocarbon waste generated by petroleum industry.
Received: 20 October 2000 / Accepted: 22 March 2001 相似文献
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The mechanisms that guide motile sperm through the female reproductive tract to oocytes are not well understood. We have shown that Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes synthesize sperm guiding F-series prostaglandins from polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) precursors provided in yolk lipoprotein complexes. Here we use genetics and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to partially delineate F-series prostaglandin metabolism pathways. We show that omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids, are converted into more than 10 structurally related F-series prostaglandins, which function collectively and largely redundantly to promote sperm guidance. Disruption of omega-3 PUFA synthesis triggers compensatory up-regulation of prostaglandins derived from omega-6 PUFAs. C. elegans F-series prostaglandin synthesis involves biochemical mechanisms distinct from those in mammalian cyclooxygenase-dependent pathways, yet PGF2α stereoisomers are still synthesized. A comparison of F-series prostaglandins in C. elegans and mouse tissues reveals shared features. Finally, we show that a conserved cytochrome P450 enzyme, whose human homolog is implicated in Bietti''s Crystalline Dystrophy, negatively regulates prostaglandin synthesis. These results support the model that multiple cyclooxygenase-independent prostaglandins function together to promote sperm motility important for fertilization. This cyclooxygenase-independent pathway for F-series synthesis may be conserved. 相似文献
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Sameer Khanal Changsoo Kim Susan A. Auckland Lisa K. Rainville Jeevan Adhikari Brian M. Schwartz Andrew H. Paterson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(4):819-839
Key message
We report SSR-enriched genetic maps of bermudagrass that: (1) reveal partial residual polysomic inheritance in the tetraploid species, and (2) provide insights into the evolution of chloridoid genomes.Abstract
This study describes genetic linkage maps of two bermudagrass species, Cynodon dactylon (T89) and Cynodon transvaalensis (T574), that integrate heterologous microsatellite markers from sugarcane into frameworks built with single-dose restriction fragments (SDRFs). A maximum likelihood approach was used to construct two separate parental maps from a population of 110 F1 progeny of a cross between the two parents. The T89 map is based on 291 loci on 34 cosegregating groups (CGs), with an average marker spacing of 12.5 cM. The T574 map is based on 125 loci on 14 CGs, with an average marker spacing of 10.7 cM. Six T89 and one T574 CG(s) deviated from disomic inheritance. Furthermore, marker segregation data and linkage phase analysis revealed partial residual polysomic inheritance in T89, suggesting that common bermudagrass is undergoing diploidization following whole genome duplication (WGD). Twenty-six T89 CGs were coalesced into 9 homo(eo)logous linkage groups (LGs), while 12 T574 CGs were assembled into 9 LGs, both putatively representing the basic chromosome complement (x?=?9) of the species. Eight T89 and two T574 CGs remain unassigned. The marker composition of bermudagrass ancestral chromosomes was inferred by aligning T89 and T574 homologs, and used in comparisons to sorghum and rice genome sequences based on 108 and 91 significant blast hits, respectively. Two nested chromosome fusions (NCFs) shared by two other chloridoids (i.e., zoysiagrass and finger millet) and at least three independent translocation events were evident during chromosome number reduction from 14 in the polyploid common ancestor of Poaceae to 9 in Cynodon.17.
Interdomain salt‐bridges in the Ebola virus protein VP40 and their role in domain association and plasma membrane localization 下载免费PDF全文
Jeevan B. GC Kristen A. Johnson Monica L. Husby Cary T. Frick Bernard S. Gerstman Robert V. Stahelin Prem P. Chapagain 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2016,25(9):1648-1658
The Ebola virus protein VP40 is a transformer protein that possesses an extraordinary ability to accomplish multiple functions by transforming into various oligomeric conformations. The disengagement of the C‐terminal domain (CTD) from the N‐terminal domain (NTD) is a crucial step in the conformational transformations of VP40 from the dimeric form to the hexameric form or octameric ring structure. Here, we use various molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the dynamics of the VP40 protein and the roles of interdomain interactions that are important for the domain–domain association and dissociation, and report on experimental results of the behavior of mutant variants of VP40. The MD studies find that various salt‐bridge interactions modulate the VP40 domain dynamics by providing conformational specificity through interdomain interactions. The MD simulations reveal a novel salt‐bridge between D45‐K326 when the CTD participates in a latch‐like interaction with the NTD. The D45‐K326 salt‐bridge interaction is proposed to help domain–domain association, whereas the E76‐K291 interaction is important for stabilizing the closed‐form structure. The effects of the removal of important VP40 salt‐bridges on plasma membrane (PM) localization, VP40 oligomerization, and virus like particle (VLP) budding assays were investigated experimentally by live cell imaging using an EGFP‐tagged VP40 system. It is found that the mutations K291E and D45K show enhanced PM localization but D45K significantly reduced VLP formation. 相似文献
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ManTek Yeung Rose Hurren Carine Nemr Xiaoming Wang Samantha Hershenfeld Marcela Gronda Sanduni Liyanage Yan Wu Jeevan Augustine Eric A. Lee Paul A. Spagnuolo Noel Southall Catherine Chen Wei Zheng Danny V. Jeyaraju Mark D. Minden Rebecca Laposa Aaron D. Schimmer 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2015,20(6):811-820