PTPRN2 and PLCβ1 promote metastatic breast cancer cell migration through PI(4,5)P2‐dependent actin remodeling

Altered abundance of phosphatidyl inositides (PIs) is a feature of cancer. Various PIs mark the identity of diverse membranes in normal and malignant cells. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P₂) resides predominantly in the plasma membrane, where it regulates cellular processes by recruiting, activating, or inhibiting proteins at the plasma membrane. We find that PTPRN2 and PLCβ1 enzymatically reduce plasma membrane PI(4,5)P₂ levels in metastatic breast cancer cells through two independent mechanisms. These genes are upregulated in highly metastatic breast cancer cells, and their increased expression associates with human metastatic relapse. Reduction in plasma membrane PI(4,5)P₂ abundance by these enzymes releases the PI(4,5)P₂‐binding protein cofilin from its inactive membrane‐associated state into the cytoplasm where it mediates actin turnover dynamics, thereby enhancing cellular migration and metastatic capacity. Our findings reveal an enzymatic network that regulates metastatic cell migration through lipid‐dependent sequestration of an actin‐remodeling factor.     

Depositional environment of the Upper Cretaceous orbitolinid-rich microfacies in the Kuh-e Mazar anticline (Kerman Province,Central Iran)

This study is focused on the depositional model and paleoenvironmental distribution patterns of orbitolinids-rich microfacies in an Upper Cretaceous carbonate succession in the Kuh-e Mazar anticline in Kerman Province, Central Iran. Twelve microfacies indicating a tidal flat (including intertidal and supratidal) and an inner ramp (consisting of subtidal lagoon and orbitolinid–rudist barrier shoal) belonging to a shallow-water ramp-type carbonate platform were recognised. Generally, the orbitolinid associations in the carbonate ramp are indicative of shallow warm waters with normal salinity. The occurrence and abundance of thick or conical orbitolinids in both shoal and lagoon show that such associations were well adapted to different environmental conditions including different depth, substrate stability and water energy. The slightly discoidal, almost discoidal and discoidal forms were only present in the deeper depths of the environment including the lagoon with muddy and more stable substrates and lower water energy. However, the orbitolinids in the inner part of the carbonate ramp were scarce or almost absent in the deep inner to middle lagoon due to the deep restricted environmental conditions unfavourable for benthic marine life.     

基于遥感技术的城市下垫面参数与热环境关系的研究——以北京市朝阳区为例

城市热岛（UHI）不仅直接关系到城市人居环境质量和居民健康状况,同时还对城市能源消耗、生态系统过程演变、生物物候以及城市经济可持续发展有着深远的影响。以北京市朝阳区2002—2017年夏季4期Landsat系列遥感影像为数据,采用大气反演法,对15年间朝阳区城市地表温度（LST）时空变化进行分析,发现15年间朝阳区城市热岛比例指数上升迅速,热岛效应逐年加剧。进一步研究表明,城市地表温度与归一化植被指数（NDVI）及归一化建筑指数（NDBI）密切相关：地表温度与NDBI正相关,NDBI指数每升高0.1,地表升温0.79~2.37°C;与NDVI指数负相关,NDVI指数每提高0.1,地表降温0.4~0.77°C。本研究可为城市规划建设与城市绿地营建提供科学具体的参考指导依据,并促进生态可持续发展与人居环境改善。     

Surface deformation tracking and modelling of soft materials

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - Many computer vision algorithms have been presented to track surface deformations, but few have provided a direct comparison of measurements with other...     

Impacts of dynamic degradation on the morphological and mechanical characterisation of porous magnesium scaffold

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - This study employs a computational approach to analyse the impact of morphological changes on the structural properties of biodegradable porous Mg...     

High diversity of thermophilic cyanobacteria in Rupite hot spring identified by microscopy,cultivation, single-cell PCR and amplicon sequencing

Extremophiles - Genotypic and morphological diversity of cyanobacteria in the Rupite hot spring (Bulgaria) was investigated by means of optical microscopy, cultivation, single-cell PCR, and 16S...     

Social implications of palm oil production through social life cycle perspectives in Johor,Malaysia

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - Palm oil is considered as the primary source of income for many farmers in Southeast Asia and become a very important agricultural commodity for...     

Light waveguiding in bioinspired peptide nanostructures

Basic optical properties of bioinspired peptide nanostructures are deeply modified by thermally mediated refolding of peptide secondary structure from α‐helical to β‐sheet. This conformational transition is followed by the appearance in the β‐sheet structures of a wideband optical absorption and fluorescence in the visible region. We demonstrate that a new biophotonic effect of optical waveguiding recently observed in peptide/protein nanoensembles is a structure‐sensitive bimodal phenomenon. In the primary α‐helical structure input, light propagates via optical transmission window demonstrating conventional passive waveguiding, based on classical optics. In the β‐sheet structure, fluorescent (active) light waveguiding is revealed. The latter can be attributed to completely different physical mechanism of exciton‐polariton propagation, characterized by high effective refractive index, and can be observed in nanoscale fibers below diffraction limit. It has been shown that peptide material requirements for passive and active waveguiding are dissimilar. Original biocompatibility and biodegradability indicate high potential future applications of these bioinspired waveguiding materials in precise photobiomedicine towards advanced highly selective bioimaging, photon diagnostics, and optogenetics.     

Evaluation of groundwater quality using water quality index and its suitability for assessing water for drinking and irrigation purposes: Case study of Sistan and Baluchistan province (Iran)

The present study evaluates the groundwater quality for drinking and agricultural purposes and determines physicochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Sistan and Baluchistan province in Iran. In order to investigate the water quality, sampling was done in 654 open dug wells, the chemical parameters were analyzed, and water quality index was determined. In this regard, Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar Stability index (RSI), Puckorius scaling index (PSI), Larson–Skold index (LS), and Aggressiveness index (AI) were considered to determine water suitability for industrial purposes. Finally, the analytical results were taken to generate the numerical spatial distribution of the parameters using the geographic information system (GIS) environment. According to the results, water sources were less corrosive based on AI and PSI, low and light corrosion according to RSI, and corrosion according to the Larsson–Sckold index. The results of the drinking water quality index showed that 1.2% shared extraction wells were classified as excellent, 52.1% as good, 39% as poor, 6% as very poor, and 1.7% as unsuitable for drinking purpose classes. In addition, irrigating water quality index illustrated that 19.9% and 80.1% wells were placed in the “excellent” and “Good” classes, respectively. Also, the quality of water in this study was categorized as brackish.