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111.
Rafael Bielza Galindo Alejandro Ortiz Espada Estefanía Arias Muñana Rocío Velasco Guzmán de Lázaro Asunción Mora Casado Ricardo Moreno Martín Blanca Tapia Salinas Javier Escalera Alonso Jorge Gómez Cerezo 《Revista espa?ola de geriatría y gerontología》2013
Background
Patients with hip fracture (HF), due to their characteristics, require a specific support. The Acute Orthogeriatric Unit (OGU) has been shown to be one of the most beneficial.Objective
To evaluate the main variables of HF patients treated at an OGU and compare them with the previous referral model (RC).Material and methods
A prospective observational study with retrospective control was conducted on 169 patients, split into two groups. In the RC group, patients were admitted to conventional trauma ward. In the OGU group, an early geriatric assessment was performed, and patients were simultaneously attended daily by the orthopaedic surgeon, nurse and geriatrician, and the surgery times, work load, discharge and destination, were planned in a weekly meeting with the rest of professionals.Results
A total of 71 patients were included in the RC group and 96 in the OGU group. The preoperative characteristics were similar, except for a slightly higher comorbidity in the OGU group. The OGU patients were operated on earlier (3.82±2.08 vs 4.61±2.5 days; P<.32), and overall hospital stay was reduced by 28% (11.84±4.04 vs 16.46±8.4 days; P<.001). The functional efficiency (Barthel Index at discharge-Barthel Index at admission/overall stay - stay before surgery) was higher in the OGU group (1.56±0.7 vs 2.61±1.1; P<.05). There were no differences in functional status, mortality or discharge location.Conclusions
The OGU is a level of care that provides effective medical care in HF patients in general hospitals. 相似文献112.
Adult Great Bustards Otis tarda are sexually dimorphic, males weighing more than twice as much as females. However, there is no practical way to distinguish sex in chicks by their morphology. In this paper we describe a discriminant function, Tail Length/Weight, which correctly sexed 98.2% of 165 Great Bustard chicks at two study areas in Spain, the Wildlife Reserve of Lagunas de Villafáfila and the province of Madrid. The value for Tail Length/Weight separating the sexes was 0.099: Tail Length/Weight for males < 0.099 < Tail Length/Weight for females. We also show that the recently described PCR-based sex determination technique using genomic DNA is valid for the Great Bustard. Both approaches should be useful for sexing young Great Bustards in captive breeding programmes and studies on wild populations. 相似文献
113.
Feng Luan M. Natália D.S. Cordeiro Nerea Alonso Xerardo García-Mera Olga Caamaño Francisco J. Romero-Duran Matilde Yañez Humberto González-Díaz 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2013,21(7):1870-1879
The interest on computational techniques for the discovery of neuroprotective drugs has increased due to recent fail of important clinical trials. In fact, there is a huge amount of data accumulated in public databases like CHEMBL with respect to structurally heterogeneous series of drugs, multiple assays, drug targets, and model organisms. However, there are no reports of multi-target or multiplexing Quantitative Structure–Property Relationships (mt-QSAR/mx-QSAR) models of these multiplexing assay outcomes reported in CHEMBL for neurotoxicity/neuroprotective effects of drugs. Accordingly, in this paper we develop the first mx-QSAR model for multiplexing assays of neurotoxicity/neuroprotective effects of drugs. We used the method TOPS-MODE to calculate the structural parameters of drugs. The best model found correctly classified 4393 out of 4915 total cases in both training and validation. This is representative of overall train and validation Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity values near to 90%, 98%, and 80%, respectively. This dataset includes multiplexing assay endpoints of 2217 compounds. Every one compound was assayed in at least one out of 338 assays, which involved 148 molecular or cellular targets and 35 standard type measures in 11 model organisms (including human). The second aim of this work is the exemplification of the use of the new mx-QSAR model with a practical case of study. To this end, we obtained again by organic synthesis and reported, by the first time, experimental assays of the new 1,3-rasagiline derivatives 3 different tests: assay (1) in absence of neurotoxic agents, (2) in the presence of glutamate, and (3) in the presence of H2O2. The higher neuroprotective effects found for each one of these assays were for the stereoisomers of compound 7: compound 7b with protection = 23.4% in assay (1) and protection = 15.2% in assay (2); and for compound 7a with protection = 46.2% in assay (3). Interestingly, almost all compounds show protection values >10% in assay (3) but not in the other 2 assays. After that, we used the mx-QSAR model to predict the more probable response of the new compounds in 559 unique pharmacological tests not carried out experimentally. The results obtained are very significant because they complement the pharmacological studies of these promising rasagiline derivatives. This work paves the way for further developments in the multi-target/multiplexing screening of large libraries of compounds potentially useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献
114.
M. Rosario Vidal-Abarca Gutiérrez M. Luisa Suárez Alonso 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2013,22(11):2469-2503
By applying the framework proposed by Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, we analysed the current state and trends of 20 ecosystem services provided by Spanish rivers and riparian areas using 139 indicators. We compared the obtained results with the Europe and UK assessment. It is the first document that attempts to analyse the importance of services provided by Spanish rivers and riparian areas, and it forms part of the evaluation carried out for the Spanish Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Among the provisioning services, freshwater, hydropower energy and genetic resources were classified as high importance, and water regulation and self-purification capacity, and natural hazard mitigation are among the regulating services, with landscape-aesthetic values and recreation and ecotourism featuring among the cultural services. About 61 % of the assessed ecosystem services are currently declining or degrading, but are higher than the percentage calculated for Europe (45 %) or for the UK (53 %). All regulating services are degrading, especially water regulation, natural hazard mitigation, soil formation and fertility and biological control, and the cultural services related to rural populations. Likewise, the biodiversity of Spanish aquatic ecosystems is decreasing rapidly. Land use changes and overexploitation of biological and mineral raw materials have been the main direct drivers of change in Spanish rivers and riparian zones, and relate directly to increase urbanised areas and irrigated agriculture. Finally, we draw some considerations on alternative models for aquatic ecosystems management which maintain aquatic ecosystem services and their biodiversity. 相似文献
115.
Victor Vendrell Citlali Vázquez-Echeverría Iris López-Hernández Beatriz Durán Alonso Salvador Martinez Cristina Pujades Thomas Schimmang 《Mechanisms of development》2013,130(2-3):160-168
Fgf and Wnt signalling have been shown to be required for formation of the otic placode in vertebrates. Whereas several Fgfs including Fgf3, Fgf8 and Fgf10 have been shown to participate during early placode induction, Wnt signalling is required for specification and maintenance of the otic placode, and dorsal patterning of the otic vesicle. However, the requirement for specific members of the Wnt gene family for otic placode and vesicle formation and their potential interaction with Fgf signalling has been poorly defined. Due to its spatiotemporal expression during placode formation in the hindbrain Wnt8a has been postulated as a potential candidate for its specification. Here we have examined the role of Wnt8a during formation of the otic placode and vesicle in mouse embryos. Wnt8a expression depends on the presence of Fgf3 indicating a serial regulation between Fgf and Wnt signalling during otic placode induction and specification. Wnt8a by itself however is neither essential for placode specification nor redundantly required together with Fgfs for otic placode and vesicle formation. Interestingly however, Wnt8a and Fgf3 are redundantly required for expression of Fgf15 in the hindbrain indicating additional reciprocal interactions between Fgf and Wnt signalling. Further reduction of Wnt signalling by the inactivation of Wnt1 in a Wnt8a mutant background revealed a redundant requirement for both genes during morphogenesis of the dorsal portion of the otic vesicle. 相似文献
116.
Marieke van Horck Ariel Alonso Geertjan Wesseling Karin de Winter—de Groot Wim van Aalderen Han Hendriks Bjorn Winkens Ger Rijkers Quirijn J?bsis Edward Dompeling 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
BackgroundCystic Fibrosis (CF) is characterized by chronically inflamed airways, and inflammation even increases during pulmonary exacerbations. These adverse events have an important influence on the well-being, quality of life, and lung function of patients with CF. Prediction of exacerbations by inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) combined with early treatment may prevent these pulmonary exacerbations and may improve the prognosis.AimTo investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a set of inflammatory markers in EBC to predict pulmonary exacerbations in children with CF.MethodsIn this one-year prospective observational study, 49 children with CF were included. During study visits with an interval of 2 months, a symptom questionnaire was completed, EBC was collected, and lung function measurements were performed. The acidity of EBC was measured directly after collection. Inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were measured using high sensitivity bead based flow immunoassays. Pulmonary exacerbations were recorded during the study and were defined in two ways. The predictive power of inflammatory markers and the other covariates was assessed using conditionally specified models and a receiver operating characteristic curve (SAS version 9.2). In addition, k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm was applied (SAS version 9.2).ResultsSixty-five percent of the children had one or more exacerbations during the study. The conditionally specified models showed an overall correct prediction rate of 55%. The area under the curve (AUC) was equal to 0.62. The results obtained with the KNN algorithm were very similar.ConclusionAlthough there is some evidence indicating that the predictors outperform random guessing, the general diagnostic accuracy of EBC acidity and the EBC inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MIF is low. At present it is not possible to predict pulmonary exacerbations in children with CF with the chosen biomarkers and the method of EBC analysis. The biochemical measurements of EBC markers should be improved and other techniques should be considered. 相似文献
117.
Patterns of among‐ and within‐species variation in heterospecific pollen receipt: The importance of ecological generalization
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118.
119.
120.
The macroecology of infectious diseases: a new perspective on global‐scale drivers of pathogen distributions and impacts
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Patrick R. Stephens Sonia Altizer Katherine F. Smith A. Alonso Aguirre James H. Brown Sarah A. Budischak James E. Byers Tad A. Dallas T. Jonathan Davies John M. Drake Vanessa O. Ezenwa Maxwell J. Farrell John L. Gittleman Barbara A. Han Shan Huang Rebecca A. Hutchinson Pieter Johnson Charles L. Nunn David Onstad Andrew Park Gonzalo M. Vazquez‐Prokopec John P. Schmidt Robert Poulin 《Ecology letters》2016,19(9):1159-1171
Identifying drivers of infectious disease patterns and impacts at the broadest scales of organisation is one of the most crucial challenges for modern science, yet answers to many fundamental questions remain elusive. These include what factors commonly facilitate transmission of pathogens to novel host species, what drives variation in immune investment among host species, and more generally what drives global patterns of parasite diversity and distribution? Here we consider how the perspectives and tools of macroecology, a field that investigates patterns and processes at broad spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales, are expanding scientific understanding of global infectious disease ecology. In particular, emerging approaches are providing new insights about scaling properties across all living taxa, and new strategies for mapping pathogen biodiversity and infection risk. Ultimately, macroecology is establishing a framework to more accurately predict global patterns of infectious disease distribution and emergence. 相似文献