ERF转录因子调控生物胁迫反应的研究进展

ERF家族是植物所特有的APETALA2/乙烯响应因子(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor,AP2/ERF)转录因子家族的一个主要亚家族,其成员结构特点是仅含有1个58-60个氨基酸组成的AP2/ERF结构域.有关该家族成员的大多数研究集中在与寒、旱等非生物胁迫方面,最近越来越多的研...     

大肠杆菌共表达LeGGPS2、LePSY1和crtI基因合成番茄红素

利用大肠杆菌研究番茄红素的合成,不仅可以获得副产物少的高产菌株,而且可以探讨基因或基因簇的功能。文中将番茄LeGGPS2和LePSY1的cDNA序列,及欧文氏菌crtI的编码序列分别添加上核糖体结合位点后,以单独或组合的方式受控于T7启动子和终止子,在大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中进行表达和诱导番茄红素合成。结果显示,仅T7::crtI-LeGGPS2-LePSY1三价基因共表达时才能合成番茄红素,且将种子液以1∶50接种于含3%蔗糖的LB培养基(pH 6.8)中,于37℃摇8 h左右的对数生长后期加IPTG至80μmol/L,30℃诱导表达5 h的发酵条件下,获得2.124 mg/g DCW的番茄红素。该结果既验证了原核化的番茄LeGGPS2和LePSY1基因及与crtI基因协同作用的功能,又为在番茄质体中建立独立的番茄红素合成途径奠定了基础。     

微乳体系中11β-羟基甲羟孕酮的C1,2生物脱氢

为改善过程传质,提高甾类药物中间体11β-羟基甲羟孕酮C1,2生物脱氢转化率,采用简单节杆菌Arthrobacter simplex UR016菌株在Tween-80/乙醇/食油/水构成的微乳体系中进行生物脱氢,并考察了微乳体系组成、转化温度、投料浓度对脱氢反应的影响。结果表明:以菌体培养液作为水相,食油作为油相构建微乳体系,食油最适加量为10g/L,表面活性剂Tween-80加量为4g/L;底物经醇溶后水析投料,乙醇最适加量为发酵液体积的7%(V/V);最适转化温度为33oC;当底物浓度为4g/L时,在构建的微乳体系中转化46h,脱氢转化率达88.6%,与水相转化工艺相比提高了66.2%。在该体系中疏水性11β-羟基甲羟孕酮底物得到了有效的增溶和扩散,生物脱氢转化率明显提高。     

Autohydrolysis Pretreatment of Mixed Softwood to Produce Value Prior to Combustion

Autohydrolysis is a hot water pretreatment to extract soluble components from wood that can be used prior to converting the woody residuals into paper, wood products, fuel, or other goods. In this study, mixed softwood chips were autohydrolyzed in hot water at 150, 160, 170, and 180 °C for 1 and 2 h residence times. The objective was to understand the tradeoff between the extraction of fermentable sugar and the residual solid total energy of combustion quantitatively. This process strategy will be referred to as “value prior to combustion”. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine chemical compositions (sugars and byproducts such as acetic acid, furfural, and hydroxymethylfurfural) of the extracted liquid and residuals; a bomb calorimeter was used to measure the heating value of original wood and solid residue. As the autohydrolysis temperature increased, material balances of the system indicated higher volatile byproducts loss. More hemicelluloses were solubilized by the hot water extraction process at higher temperatures and longer residence times, and a greater degree of sugar degradation was also observed. The maximum sugar yield was determined to occur at conditions of 170 °C for 2 h, during which 13 g of sugar was recovered from the extract out of 100 g of oven-dried wood. The heating value of the solid residues after extraction was greater than the original wood. The total energy content of the solid residual after extraction ranged from 85 to 98 % of the original energy content of the feed with higher temperatures reducing the total energy content.     

RIOK3促进了caspase-10对PAK2的酶解激活

RIO3为非典型激酶RIO家族的成员之一,仅在多细胞真核生物中出现,为研究RIOK3蛋白的功能,以其作为诱饵蛋白对成人肝cDNA文库进行酵母双杂交筛选,得到其相互作用蛋白PAK2,并通过细胞内免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光共定位实验验证了该相互作用。实时定量PCR和免疫印迹检测结果显示,RIOK3能够在蛋白水平上降低PAK2表达量。通过CCK-8和细胞凋亡检测,发现二者共表达可以抑制增殖并促进凋亡,并且这一促凋亡效应可以被caspase-10的无酶活最短剪切本caspase-10G所抑制。实验结果显示,RIOK3可能促进了caspase-10对PAK2的酶解,在PAK2的酶解激活途径中发挥重要作用。     

α-氯丙酸脱卤酶发酵动力学模型

对α-氯丙酸脱卤酶发酵动力学进行了研究。基于Logistic方程和Luedeking-Piret方程,得到了描述Pseudomonas W20菌发酵过程菌体生长、α-氯丙酸脱卤酶生成及基质消耗的动力学数学模型和模型参数,对试验数据与模型进行了验证比较,模型计算值与试验结果拟合良好,平均相对误差大部分小于10%;对脱卤酶反应动力学进行了研究,结果表明脱卤酶的脱卤反应基本符合米氏方程,并求得最大反应速率V_(max)=1.11×10~(-5)mol/(g·min),表观米氏常数K_m=3.72×10~(-3)mol/L。     

基于Petri网T不变量的PHB新陈代谢建模分析(英文)

从拓扑结构的角度分析生化反应网络是生物信息学研究中的一个热点问题。通过将两种传统的途径分析方法(基元模式和极端途径)与Petri网的T不变量分析进行了比较,结果表明:它们本质上是一致的,但是采用Petri网的T不变量分析更便捷。然后,利用Petri网技术构建了PHB代谢模型。对该模型作了结构分析,将计算得到的23个T不变量进行了分组:I组表示简单的可逆反应,II组表示循环的反应,III组可用于调控ATP/ADP比率,IV组是与PHB生产直接相关的反应,可用于代谢工程以提高PHB的产率。最后讨论了Petri网的T不变量分析在这个领域中的应用。