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51.
Modelled as finite homogeneous Markov chains, probabilistic cellular automata with local transition probabilities in (0, 1) always posses a stationary distribution. This result alone is not very helpful when it comes to predicting the final configuration; one needs also a formula connecting the probabilities in the stationary distribution to some intrinsic feature of the lattice configuration. Previous results on the asynchronous cellular automata have showed that such feature really exists. It is the number of zero-one borders within the automaton''s binary configuration. An exponential formula in the number of zero-one borders has been proved for the 1-D, 2-D and 3-D asynchronous automata with neighborhood three, five and seven, respectively. We perform computer experiments on a synchronous cellular automaton to check whether the empirical distribution obeys also that theoretical formula. The numerical results indicate a perfect fit for neighbourhood three and five, which opens the way for a rigorous proof of the formula in this new, synchronous case. 相似文献
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Summary Under experimental conditions of genetic transformation, protamine and total histone were bactericidal for Bacillus subtilis cells. The abilities to cause lethality were very similar for both, either protamine or histone, with no antagonistic effects amongst these natural polycations. With both basic proteins acting simultaneously the enhancement was higher than a summation of the separate lethal effects. Sublethal concentration of protamine added at the beginning of transformation time, produced a strong inhibition of transforming efficiency. The same concentration added later than 10 min from the start of transformation had no inhibitory effect. These facts together with the absence of inhibition by simple pretreatment of DNA alone as well as the cell protection by protamine against lytic activity of lysozyme, suggest a protamine-cell surface interaction which impedes DNA uptake events. 相似文献
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Photoacoustic and photothermal cytometry using photoswitchable proteins and nanoparticles with ultrasharp resonances 下载免费PDF全文
Ekaterina I. Galanzha Dmitry A. Nedosekin Mustafa Sarimollaoglu Anamaria Ioana Orza Alexandru S. Biris Vladislav V. Verkhusha Vladimir P. Zharov 《Journal of biophotonics》2015,8(8):687-687
In the article by E. I. Galanzha et al. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201300140 ), published in J. Biophotonics 8, 81–93 (2015), the Conflict of Interest statement is missing. This erratum is published to correct this. 相似文献
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Alexandra Daniela Rotaru-Zavaleanu Alexandru Ionu Neacu Adela-Daria Neacu Daniel Pirici Eugen Osiac Bogdan Ctlin Dan Ionu Gheonea 《Current issues in molecular biology》2022,44(9):3822
Our objective was to investigate how sepsis influences cellular dynamics and amyloid formation before and after plaque formation. As such, APP-mice were subjected to a polymicrobial abdominal infection resulting in sepsis at 2 (EarlySepsis) and 4 (LateSepsis) months of age. Behavior was tested before sepsis and at 5 months of age. We could not detect any short-term memory or exploration behavior alterations in APP-mice that were subjected to Early or LateSepsis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a lower area of NeuN+ and Iba1+ signal in the cortex of Late compared with EarlySepsis animals (p = 0.016 and p = 0.01), with an increased astrogliosis in LateSepsis animals compared with WT-Sepsis (p = 0.0028), EarlySepsis (p = 0.0032) and the APP-Sham animals (p = 0.048). LateSepsis animals had larger areas of amyloid compared with both EarlySepsis (p = 0.0018) and APP-Sham animals (p = 0.0024). Regardless of the analyzed markers, we were not able to detect any cellular difference at the hippocampal level between groups. We were able to detect an increased inflammatory response around hippocampal plaques in LateSepsis compared with APP-Sham animals (p = 0.0003) and a decrease of AQP4 signal far from Sma+ vessels. We were able to show experimentally that an acute sepsis event before the onset of plaque formation has a minimal effect; however, it could have a major impact after its onset. 相似文献
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Kathryn E. Barry Liesje Mommer Jasper van Ruijven Christian Wirth Alexandra J. Wright Yongfei Bai John Connolly Gerlinde B. De Deyn Hans de Kroon Forest Isbell Alexandru Milcu Christiane Roscher Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Alexandra Weigelt 《Trends in ecology & evolution》2019,34(2):167-180
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Transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) targeted for reduced recalcitrance to bioconversion: a 2‐year comparative analysis of field‐grown lines modified for target gene or genetic element expression 下载免费PDF全文
Alexandru Dumitrache Jace Natzke Miguel Rodriguez Jr Kelsey L. Yee Olivia A. Thompson Charleson R. Poovaiah Hui Shen Mitra Mazarei Holly L. Baxter Chunxiang Fu Zeng‐Yu Wang Ajaya K. Biswal Guifen Li Avinash C. Srivastava Yuhong Tang Charles Neal Stewart Jr Richard A. Dixon Richard S. Nelson Debra Mohnen Jonathan Mielenz Steven D. Brown Brian H. Davison 《Plant biotechnology journal》2017,15(6):688-697
Transgenic Panicum virgatum L. silencing (KD) or overexpressing (OE) specific genes or a small RNA (GAUT4‐KD, miRNA156‐OE, MYB4‐OE, COMT‐KD and FPGS‐KD) was grown in the field and aerial tissue analysed for biofuel production traits. Clones representing independent transgenic lines were established and senesced tissue was sampled after year 1 and 2 growth cycles. Biomass was analysed for wall sugars, recalcitrance to enzymatic digestibility and biofuel production using separate hydrolysis and fermentation. No correlation was found between plant carbohydrate content and biofuel production pointing to overriding structural and compositional elements that influence recalcitrance. Biomass yields were greater for all lines in the second year as plants establish in the field and standard amounts of biomass analysed from each line had more glucan, xylan and less ethanol (g/g basis) in the second‐ versus the first‐year samples, pointing to a broad increase in tissue recalcitrance after regrowth from the perennial root. However, biomass from second‐year growth of transgenics targeted for wall modification, GAUT4‐KD, MYB4‐OE, COMT‐KD and FPGS‐KD, had increased carbohydrate and ethanol yields (up to 12% and 21%, respectively) compared with control samples. The parental plant lines were found to have a significant impact on recalcitrance which can be exploited in future strategies. This summarizes progress towards generating next‐generation bio‐feedstocks with improved properties for microbial and enzymatic deconstruction, while providing a comprehensive quantitative analysis for the bioconversion of multiple plant lines in five transgenic strategies. 相似文献
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Improving the informed consent process in clinical research is of constant concern to regulatory authorities in the field and presents a challenge for both the specialists and patients involved. Informed consent is a process that should adequately match the complexity of clinical research. In analyzing the behaviour of 68 patients during the informed consent process related to the clinical research performed at Neomed Clinical Center in Brasov, we found that many patients do not ask any questions (35.3%). From those who do, part of the questions (20,6%) referred to general aspects (addressed the form but not the gist) of the clinical trial, some (72,8%) referred to specific aspects of the clinical trial they will attend and others (6,6%) unrelated to the clinical trial. These results suggest a lack of interest, awareness, and understanding of the information presented in the informed consent form. The possible underlying causes of this attitude and its bureaucratic, ethic, and legal implications are discussed. 相似文献