全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4801篇 |
免费 | 390篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 47篇 |
2022年 | 97篇 |
2021年 | 163篇 |
2020年 | 127篇 |
2019年 | 139篇 |
2018年 | 153篇 |
2017年 | 161篇 |
2016年 | 208篇 |
2015年 | 274篇 |
2014年 | 305篇 |
2013年 | 336篇 |
2012年 | 423篇 |
2011年 | 374篇 |
2010年 | 239篇 |
2009年 | 204篇 |
2008年 | 251篇 |
2007年 | 267篇 |
2006年 | 197篇 |
2005年 | 201篇 |
2004年 | 201篇 |
2003年 | 144篇 |
2002年 | 156篇 |
2001年 | 52篇 |
2000年 | 37篇 |
1999年 | 52篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 47篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1961年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有5193条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Seven strains of Rhizobium loti were tested for acid tolerance in yeast-extract mannitol (YEM) broth at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 8.0. The strains that grew at pH 4.0 showed the slowest generation time when grown at pH above 7.0 and also produced the most acid. The acid tolerance was related to the composition and structure of the membrane. pH influenced protein expression in acid-tolerant strains growing at pH 4.0 or 7.0. Acid tolerant strains showed one membrane protein of 49.5 kDa and three soluble proteins of 66.0, 58.0 and 44.0kDa; their expression increased when the cells grew at pH 4.0. It is suggested that acid tolerance in Rhizobium loti involves constitutive mechanisms, such as permeability of the outer membrane together with adaptive responses, including the state of bacterial growth and concomitant changes in protein expression. 相似文献
43.
Diversity, abundance or rare species as a target for the conservation of mammalian carnivores: a case study in Southern Spain 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
Alejandro Travaini Miguel Delibes Pablo Ferreras Francisco Palomares 《Biodiversity and Conservation》1997,6(4):529-535
Management goals in protected areas and/or communities usually include diversity as one of the most valuable and confident criteria. Nevertheless, the use of diversity and related indices as a means of evaluating successful management practices could produce conflicting results. Here we report a case study in one of the most important European protected areas. After 6 years of intensive conservation management of the Don~ana National Park, the general abundance and numbers of the target single-species conservation plan (the Iberian lynx) increased, although carnivore community diversity and evenness decreased. This was a result of a disproportionate increase of an oportunistic native species, the red fox. We propose the combined use of diversity, richness and evenness indices when monitoring management practices such as those reported here. 相似文献
44.
Maeda-Martnez Alejandro M. Obregn-Barboza Hortencia Garca-Velazco Humberto 《Hydrobiologia》1997,359(1-3):63-69
This paper reports new distribution records of large branchiopods for Mexico following a three year survey of the Baja California
peninsula. The occurance of the anostracans Thamnocephalus mexicanus (Linder, 1941) and T. platyurus (Packard, 1877), the
notostracan Lepidurus lemmoni (Holmes, 1894), and the spinicaudatans Eulimnadia cylindrova (Belk, 1989) and E. texana (Packard,1871),
all represent the first records for the peninsula. An undescribed species of the anostracan genus Streptocephalus is recorded
from the state of Baja California (Norte). The occurrence of the notostracan genus Triops and four other anostracan species
on the peninsula is also confirmed. The conchostracan Cyclestheria hislopi (Baird, 1859) is recorded from the state of Quintana
Roo. The collections of Lepidurus and Cyclestheria are the first records for México. These records increase the number of
species of large branchiopods reported fromMéxico to 36: 20 Anostraca, 3 Notostraca, 11 Spinicaudata, and 2Laevicaudata.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
45.
A review on salinity adaptation of marine molluscsbased on mainly Russian scientific literature ispresented. The existence of two relativelyindependent systems of adaptation to extreme(resistance level) and moderate (tolerance level)changes of environmental salinity was shown. Theresistance of molluscs is based mainly on an impededwater-salt exchange with the external medium due tomantle cavity hermetization. The tolerance ofmolluscs is determined by cellular mechanisms ofadaptation. Reversible changes of protein and RNAsynthesis, alteration of the pattern of multiplemolecular forms of different enzymes, and theregulation of ionic content and cell volume wereshown to be of importance for the above mentionedmechanisms. The efficiency of resistance andtolerance adaptations to salinity changes may varyin different species and in different colourphenotypes of the same species (intrapopulationalpolymorphism). Parasites (trematodes) may suppressthe resistance of the mollusc-host to extremesalinity changes without effecting the host'scapacity for adaptive changes in salinitytolerance. 相似文献
46.
Whitening of Gracilaria chilensis, accompanied by tissue softening and thallus fragmentation, was found to be associated with the presence of an endophytic
amoeba. Although the symptoms developed originally in green mutant thalli, subsequent infections in the laboratory also affected
normal, wild-type G. chilensis. Ultrastructural evidence indicates that the amoebae perforate the host cell walls of both cortical and medullary cells and
digest their protoplasm. Feeding by the amoeba appears to involve both phagocytosis and enzymatic digestion of the host tissue.
Destruction of the host tissue resulted in large cavities first, followed by thallus fragmentation. No other organism was
found during the early stages of thallus invasion by the amoeba, although bacteria may appear once the amoeba reaches the
inner tissues of the host. 相似文献
47.
48.
Summary A large pedigree with a satellited Yq chromosome is described, Q, C, and NOR banding were performed. Family C proband suffers from a Klinefelter syndrome. 相似文献
49.
Patterns of predation in a free-ranging troop of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides): Relations to the ecology II 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Data on patterns of systematic and ocassional hunting of birds, mammals, reptiles, mollusks and insects by Stumptail macaques
are reported for a period of ten months. Systematic hunting of water snails, terrestrial spiders, and land worms was conducted
by all age classes, except infants, and both sexes. Of the occasional hunting of birds, large lizards, large frogs, and field
mice, the adult females conducted 70%, the adult males 12%, the two year old females 12%, and the two year old males 6%. The
differences between males and females were statistically significant (.05 confidence level). Females dominated the hunt and
were more interested in meateating than the males. This contrasts strikingly with the data reported for baboons and chimpanzees
in which the males dominate the hunt.
Of all the prey hunted ocassionally, 76% was shared. The differences between shared and not sared prey were statistically
significant (.05 confidence level). All age classes, including infants, participated in meat-sharing. Three types of meat-sharing
are described: mother-offspring, hunter-close-friend, and piece-dropping. The prey was shared with genetic relatives, and
with close and sistant friends in this order. Pearson’s correlation coeficients between rank of hunter and number of hunts
and between rank of hunter and number of individuals with whom the prey was shared yielded +.866 and +.890 respectively. Meat-sharing
seems to be similar to that observed for baboons but some differences exist between baboons and chimpanzees on the one hand
and Stumptails on the other. Dominance relations in our Stumptails seem to act as the context determining the direction and
the type of sharing.
An increase in hunting activity during the study period is suggested to be the result of the prey’s migratory and breeding
patterns, of environmental changes, and of the high activity scores and physiological states of the adult-females in the troop.
Although not hunted, reactions to snakes, iguanas, scorpions, and gulls are also described.
This work was supported by grants from Behavioral Sciences Foundation and by NSF Grant No. GB-42235. 相似文献
50.
Lourival D. Possani Alejandro C. Alagón Paul L. Fletcher Bruce W. Erickson 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1977,180(2):394-403
The water-soluble part of the dried venom from the scorpion, Tityus serrulatus Lutz and Mello (range, Southeastern Brazil), showed 16 polypeptide bands on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This material exhibited toxic and hyaluronidase activity but no phospholipase, phosphodiesterase, protease, or fibrinolytic activity. Fractionation on glycinamide-treated Sephadex G-50 afforded three protein fractions, which were non-toxic, equitoxic, and three times more toxic than the water-soluble venom. Subsequent separation of the toxic fractions on carboxymethyl-cellulose with phosphate buffers furnished five toxic components, which were further purified on carboxymethyl-cellulose with a salt gradient in acetate buffer. Toxin γ, the major and most basic toxin, is a 62-residue protein that, unlike other scorpion toxins, contains methionine. Automated Edman degradation showed the amino-terminal sequence to be H-Lys-Glu-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Met-Asp-His-Glu-Gly-Cys-Lys-Leu-Ser-Cys-Phe-Ile-Arg-Pro-Ser-Gly-Tyr-Cys-Gly-Arg-Glu-Cys-Gly-Ile-. Toxin γ is the first example of a fifth structural type of mammalian toxin from scorpion venom. Its amino-terminal sequence shows greater homology with toxins similar to Centruroides suffusus suffusus toxin III and Androctonus australis toxin II than with toxins similar to A. australis toxin I or Bhutus occitanus tunetanus toxin I. 相似文献