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31.
In the Ca2+-ATPase of human red cells the rate of dephosphorylation of the phosphoenzyme is increased by ADP, provided Ca2+ is present. This effect suggests that phosphorylation of the Ca2+-ATPase is a reversible process. 相似文献
32.
33.
Camila V. Molina Marcos B. Heinemann Cecilia Kierulff Alcides Pissinatti Tiago F. da Silva Danilo G. de Freitas Gisele O. de Souza Bruno A. Miotto Adriana Cortez Beatriz de P. Semensato Luisa Z. Moreno Jos L. Cato‐Dias Marina G. Bueno 《American journal of primatology》2019,81(3)
The world currently faces severe biodiversity losses caused by anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, pollution, the introduction of exotic species, habitat fragmentation, and climate changes. Disease ecology in altered environments is still poorly understood. The golden‐headed lion tamarin (GHLT, Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is an endangered species that became invasive in an urban park in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The initially few invasive GHLT individuals became hundreds, adapted to living in proximity to humans and domestic animals. These GHLTs were captured as part of a conservation project; some animals were translocated to Bahia and some were kept in captivity. This study tested 593 GHLT for Leptospira serology; 100 and 95 GHLT for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) toLeptospira and hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV‐3), respectively, and 101 familiar groups for PCR to viruses (rotavirus A, norovirus GI and GII, and HEV‐3). One animal had antibodies for Leptospira serovar Shermani and another for serovar Hebdomadis. One saprophyticLeptospira was found by the 16S PCR and sequencing. Viruses were not detected in samples tested. Findings suggest that the epidemiological importance of such pathogens in this GHLT population is either low or nonexistent. These data are important to understand the local disease ecology, as well as monitoring a translocation project, and to contribute data for species conservation. 相似文献
34.
Digestive physiology and characterization of digestive cathepsin L-like proteinase from the sugarcane weevil Sphenophorus levis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Soares-Costa A Dias AB Dellamano M de Paula FF Carmona AK Terra WR Henrique-Silva F 《Journal of insect physiology》2011,57(4):462-468
Sugarcane is an important crop that has recently become subject to attacks from the weevil Sphenophorus levis, which is not efficiently controlled with chemical insecticides. This demands the development of new control devices for which digestive physiology data are needed. In the present study, ion-exchange chromatography of S. levis whole midgut homogenates, together with enzyme assays with natural and synthetic substrates and specific inhibitors, demonstrated that a cysteine proteinase is a major proteinase, trypsin is a minor one and chymotrypsin is probably negligible. Amylase, maltase and the cysteine proteinase occur in the gut contents and decrease throughout the midgut; trypsin is constant in the entire midgut, whereas a membrane-bound aminopeptidase predominates in the posterior midgut. The cysteine proteinase was purified to homogeneity through ion-exchange chromatography. The purified enzyme had a mass of 37 kDa and was able to hydrolyze Z-Phe-Arg-MCA and Z-Leu-Arg-MCA with kcat/Km values of 20.0 ± 1.1 μM−1 s−1 and 30.0 ± 0.5 μM−1 s−1, respectively, but not Z-Arg-Arg-MCA. The combined results suggest that protein digestion starts in the anterior midgut under the action of a cathepsin L-like proteinase and ends on the surface of posterior midgut cells. All starch digestion takes place in anterior midgut. These data will be instrumental to developing S. levis-resistant sugarcane. 相似文献
35.
Caldeira W Dias AB Terra WR Ribeiro AF 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2007,64(1):1-18
Bostrichiformia is the less known major series of Coleoptera regarding digestive physiology. The midgut of Dermestes maculatus has a cylindrical ventriculus with anterior caeca. There is no cell differentiation along the ventriculus, except for the predominance of cells undergoing apocrine secretion in the anterior region. Apocrine secretion affects a larger extension and a greater number of cells in caeca than in ventriculus. Ventricular cells putatively secrete digestive enzymes, whereas caecal cells are supposed to secrete peritrophic gel (PG) glycoproteins. Feeding larvae with dyes showed that caeca are water-absorbing, whereas the posterior ventriculus is water-secreting. Midgut dissection revealed a PG and a peritrophic membrane (PM) covering the contents in anterior and posterior ventriculus, respectively. This was confirmed by in situ chitin detection with FITC-WGA conjugates. Ion-exchange chromatography of midgut homogenates, associated with enzymatic assays with natural and synthetic substrates and specific inhibitors, showed that trypsin and chymotrypsin are the major proteinases, cysteine proteinase is absent, and aspartic proteinase probably is negligible. Amylase and trypsin occur in contents and decrease along the ventriculus; the contrary is true for cell-membrane-bound aminopeptidase. Maltase is cell-membrane-bound and predominates in anterior and middle midgut. Digestive enzyme activities in hindgut are negligible. This, together with dye data, indicates that enzymes are recovered from inside PM by a posterior-anterior flux of fluid outside PM before being excreted. The combined results suggest that protein digestion starts in anterior midgut and ends in the surface of posterior midgut cells. All glycogen digestion takes place in anterior midgut. 相似文献
36.
Biomarkers for screening of lung cancer and pre-neoplastic lesions in a high risk Chilean population
Marta I Adonis Jose Díaz Veronica R Miranda Marco Chahuan Alcides Zambrano Hugo C Benitez Monica Campos Pablo Avaria Ulises Urzúa Pedro Marín Mariela Gohurdett Yasna Cisterna Lionel Gil 《Biological research》2014,47(1)
Background
The mortality of lung cancer (LC), increases each year in the world, in spite of any advances, in development of new drugs to advance stages of LC. The high incidence of LC has been associated with smoking habit, genetic diversity and environmental pollution. Antofagasta region has been reported to have the highest LC mortality rate in Chile and its inhabitants were exposed to arsenic in their drinking water in concentrations as high as 870 μg/L. Non-invasive techniques such as biomarkers (Automatic Quantitative Cytometry: AQC and DR70) and Auto Fluorescence Bronchoscopy (AFB) might be potentially useful as a supplementary diagnostic approach and early detection. Early detection is one of the most important factors to intervene and prevent cancer progression in LC. This is a work of an ongoing prospective bimodality cancer surveillance study in high risk LC volunteers. Enrolment was done in subjects from Antofagasta and Metropolitan regions. In addition, we enrolled subjects who were suspected of having lung cancer. AQC, DR70 and AFB were used as tools in the detection of pre-neoplastic (PNL) and neoplastic lesions (NL).Results
Half of the samples, classified as suspicious by AFB, were confirmed as metaplasia or dysplasia by histopathology. For LC, DR70 showed a higher sensitivity (95.8%) and specificity (91.9%) than AQC. However, for PNL AQC showed a higher sensitivity (91.9%) than DR70 (27.3%), although both with low PPV values. As a pre screener, both biomarkers might be employed as complementary tools to detect LC, especially as serially combined tests, with a sensitivity of 60% and a PPV of 65.2%. Additionally, the use of parallel combined tests might support the detection of PNL (sensitivity 91.2%; PPV 49.1%).Conclusion
This work adds information on cellular and molecular biomarkers to complement imaging techniques for early detection of LC in Latin America that might contribute to formulate policies concerning screening of LC. Supported by INNOVA-CORFO, Chile. 相似文献37.
1. In the presence of ATP, the Ca2+ pump of human red cell membranes catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate. The requirement for ATP of the Ca2+- activity was studied in relation to the two classes of site for ATP that are apparent during Ca2+ -ATPase activity. 2. (a) The for ATP as activator of the Ca2+ - extrapolated at 0 mM PNPP is equal to the of the Ca2+ -ATPase. (b) PNPP competes with ATP and its effectiveness is the same regardless the nucleotide acts as the substrate of the Ca2+ -ATPase or as activator of the Ca2+ -. 3. PNPP at the high-affinity site does not substitute for ATP as activator of the Ca2+ -. 4. At ATP concentrations that almost saturate the high-affinity site, Ca2+ - activity increases as a function of PNPP along an S-shaped curve, while Ca2+ -ATPase activity is partially inhibited along a curve of the same shape and apparent affinity. The fraction of Ca2+ -ATPase activity which is inhibited by PNPP is that which results from occupation of the low-affinity site by ATP. 5. Activation of the Ca2+ -ATPase by ATP at the low-affinity site is associated with inhibition of the Ca2+ - activity. Both phenomena take place with the same apparent affinity and along curves of the same shape. 6. Experimental results suggest that: (a) the Ca2+ - activity depends on ATP at the high-affinity site; (b) PNPP is hydrolyzed at the low-affinity site; (c) Ca2+ -ATPase activity at the high-affinity size persists during Ca2+ - activity. 相似文献
38.
de Mello MF Monteiro AB Fonseca EC Pissinatti A Ferreira AM 《American journal of primatology》2005,66(2):111-118
The aim of this study was to identify the presence of Helicobacter sp. in the gastric mucosa of captive marmosets (Callithrix sp.). Histologic specimens from the fundic, corpus, and antral gastric regions of six Callithrix jacchus, 12 C. kuhli, and 12 C. geoffroyi specimens were evaluated. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and the Warthin-Starry silver impregnation method, and immunostained with rabbit anti-H. pylori polyclonal antibody. Helicobacter-like organisms (HLOs) and coccoid forms were present in silver-stained sections from 29 stomachs, whereas immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests revealed bacterial aggregates in 15 stomachs. No statistical difference relative to the presence of Helicobacter sp. was found among the gastric regions or marmoset species. Gastric lesions were found in the groups of marmosets that had positive and negative IHC results, but no correlation between inflammation and Helicobacter sp. infection was established. These findings demonstrate that marmosets are susceptible to naturally-occurring Helicobacter sp. infection, and open the way to the development of comparative studies on Helicobacter sp. infection in humans. 相似文献
39.
Coelho LM Silva MV Dini CY Giacon Neto AA Novo NF Silveira EP 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2004,99(6):553-557
A seroepidemiological survey for toxocariasis, among 180 schoolchildren of the public schools of Sorocaba City, state of S?o Paulo, Brazil, was carried out from August 2000 to July 2001. ELISA test was performed using excretory and secretory antigens for the detection of IgG anti-Toxocara antibodies. Information regarding the children was obtained from the parents or legal guardians. The results showed that the mean age was 5.4 +/- 1.4 years, the infection coefficient (IC) was 38.3 and the infection risk was higher among the children living in the city outskirts (IC = 47.4) where the socioeconomic conditions were worse than in the central region of the city (IC = 11.1). There was an association between higher frequency of seroreactivity in the ELISA test and the condition of living in a house with a yard and/or unpaved street. The same was observed in relation to a history of enteroparasitism. There was also an association between a seronegative ELISA test and previous treatment of pet dogs and/or cats with vermifuge. Based on these results, the authors propose that public health programs should include anthelmintic for dogs and cats during the antirabies vaccination campaigns, in order to diminish environmental contamination with Toxocara spp. eggs and consequently human infection. 相似文献
40.
Chaquip D. Netto Alcides J.M. da Silva Eduardo J.S. Salustiano Thiago S. Bacelar Ingred G. Riça Moises C.M. Cavalcante Vivian M. Rumjanek Paulo R.R. Costa 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2010,18(4):1610-1616
A new pterocarpanquinone (5a) was synthesized through a palladium catalyzed oxyarylation reaction and was transformed, through electrophilic substitution reaction, into derivatives 5b–d. These compounds showed to be active against human leukemic cell lines and human lung cancer cell lines. Even multidrug resistant cells were sensitive to 5a, which presented low toxicity toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cells and decreased the production of TNF-α by these cells. In the laboratory these pterocarpanquinones were reduced by sodium dithionite in the presence of thiophenol at physiological pH, as NAD(P)H quinone oxidoredutase-1 (NQO1) catalyzed two-electron reduction, and the resulting hydroquinone undergo structural rearrangements, leading to the formation of Michael acceptors, which were intercepted as adducts of thiophenol. These results suggest that these compounds could be activated by bioreduction. 相似文献