全文获取类型
收费全文 | 224篇 |
免费 | 17篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 11篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1936年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有241条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
51.
52.
Background
Influenza pandemic remains a serious threat to human health. Viruses of avian origin, H5N1, H7N7 and H9N2, have repeatedly crossed the species barrier to infect humans. Recently, a novel strain originated from swine has evolved to a pandemic. This study aims at improving our understanding on the pathogenic mechanism of influenza viruses, in particular the role of non-structural (NS1) protein in inducing pro-inflammatory and apoptotic responses.Methods
Human lung epithelial cells (NCI-H292) was used as an in-vitro model to study cytokine/chemokine production and apoptosis induced by transfection of NS1 mRNA encoded by seven infleunza subtypes (seasonal and pandemic H1, H2, H3, H5, H7, and H9), respectively.Results
The results showed that CXCL-10/IP10 was most prominently induced (> 1000 folds) and IL-6 was slightly induced (< 10 folds) by all subtypes. A subtype-dependent pattern was observed for CCL-2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL-5/RANTES and CXCL-9/MIG; where induction by H5N1 was much higher than all other subtypes examined. All subtypes induced a similar temporal profile of apoptosis following transfection. The level of apoptosis induced by H5N1 was remarkably higher than all others. The cytokine/chemokine and apoptosis inducing ability of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 was similar to previous seasonal strains.Conclusions
In conclusion, the NS1 protein encoded by H5N1 carries a remarkably different property as compared to other avian and human subtypes, and is one of the keys to its high pathogenicity. NCI-H292 cells system proves to be a good in-vitro model to delineate the property of NS1 proteins.53.
First evidence of Ediacaran–Fortunian elliptical body fossils in the Brioverian series of Brittany,NW France
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Didier Néraudeau Marie‐Pierre Dabard Abderrazak El Albani Romain Gougeon Arnaud Mazurier Anne‐Catherine Pierson‐Wickmann Marc Poujol Jean‐Paul Saint Martin Simona Saint Martin 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》2018,51(4):513-522
Body fossils are described for the first time from the Upper Brioverian (Ediacaran–Fortunian) deposits of Central Brittany (NW France). The material consists of a dozen of specimens preserved on two slates, recently collected in a quarry in Saint‐Gonlay. The fossils, centimetric in size, have an elliptical and acuminated outline, with a peripheral bulge but without conspicuous concentric or radial lines. These body fossils are preserved in slates that are locally rich in grazing traces, sometimes associated with microbial mats. The sedimentological characteristics of these deposits correspond to a shallow marine shelf environment, with a low to moderate hydrodynamism. Such findings, in concomitance with previous ichnological discoveries, unravel the potential of the Brioverian strata from Brittany as a new locality to provide answers on Ediacaran and early Cambrian biocenoses. 相似文献
54.
Oxidative stress contributes to cancer pathologies and to apoptosis. Marine algae exhibit cytotoxic, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects; their metabolites have been used to treat many types of cancer. We investigated in culture extracts of Petalonia fascia, Jania longifurca and Halimeda tuna to determine their effects on mouse neuroblastoma cell line, NA2B. NA2B cells were treated with algae extracts, and the survival and proliferation of NA2B cells were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effects of algae extracts on oxidative stress in NA2B cells also were investigated using nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunocytochemistry and apoptosis was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. We observed significant neurite inhibition with moderate damage by the neurotoxicity-screening test (NST) at IC50 dilutions of the extracts. MTT demonstrated that J. longifurca extracts were more toxic than P. fascia and H. tuna extracts. We found an increase of endothelial and inducible NOS immunostaining for oxidative stress and TUNEL analysis revealed increased apoptosis after application of extract. Our findings suggest that the algae we tested may have potential use for treatment of cancer. 相似文献
55.
Regulators of complement activity mediate inhibitory mechanisms through a common C3b‐binding mode
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The EMBO journal》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Federico Forneris Jin Wu Xiaoguang Xue Daniel Ricklin Zhuoer Lin Georgia Sfyroera Apostolia Tzekou Elena Volokhina Joke CM Granneman Richard Hauhart Paula Bertram M Kathryn Liszewski John P Atkinson John D Lambris Piet Gros 《The EMBO journal》2016,35(10):1133-1149
Regulators of complement activation (RCA) inhibit complement‐induced immune responses on healthy host tissues. We present crystal structures of human RCA (MCP, DAF, and CR1) and a smallpox virus homolog (SPICE) bound to complement component C3b. Our structural data reveal that up to four consecutive homologous CCP domains (i–iv), responsible for inhibition, bind in the same orientation and extended arrangement at a shared binding platform on C3b. Large sequence variations in CCP domains explain the diverse C3b‐binding patterns, with limited or no contribution of some individual domains, while all regulators show extensive contacts with C3b for the domains at the third site. A variation of ~100° rotation around the longitudinal axis is observed for domains binding at the fourth site on C3b, without affecting the overall binding mode. The data suggest a common evolutionary origin for both inhibitory mechanisms, called decay acceleration and cofactor activity, with variable C3b binding through domains at sites ii, iii, and iv, and provide a framework for understanding RCA disease‐related mutations and immune evasion. 相似文献
56.
57.
CM Ward AP Wilkinson S Bramham HA Lee HW-S Chan GW Butcher A Hutchings MRA Morgan 《Mycotoxin Research》1990,6(2):73-83
From a single aflatoxin B1 oxime — bovine serum albumin conjugate, polyclonal and monoclonal antibody preparations were produced. The four rabbit polyclonal antisera were specific for aflatoxin Bi in a microtitration plate enzyme — linked immunosorbent assay. The monoclonal antibodies showed a wide range of differing specificities, recognizing, for example, aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2; B1 and B2; B1 and G1; and G1 alone. No antibody preparations reacted with aflatoxin M1. The significance of these results to the strategy of anti-aflatoxin antibody production for use in quantitative enzyme immunoassays is discussed. 相似文献
58.
Riassunto è stato condotto uno studio su un gruppo di 296 pazienti affetti da atopia respiratoria residenti nella provincia di La Spezia.
I soggetti erano sottoposti a prick test e/o RAST. Veniva considerata l'incidenza dei singoli allergeni. Dai dati emerge l'importanza
delle Graminacee quali maggior responsabili di sensibilizzazioni al contrario di altre zone della Liguria ove è predominante
la Parietaria.
Summary In the present investigation 296 patients with respitatory atopy, resident in La Spezia have been studied. The diagnosis was estabilished on the basis of prick test and RAST. We evaluated the incidence of each allergen. We reported the aetiological importance of Grasses in La Spezia, whereas Parietaria is less predominant.
相似文献
59.
Teng YK Verburg RJ Verpoort KN Diepenhorst GM Bajema IM van Tol MJ Jol-van der Zijde EC Toes RE Huizinga TW van Laar JM 《Arthritis research & therapy》2007,9(5):R106
In order to identify pathogenic correlates of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA), antibodies against anti-cyclic citrullinated
protein (ACPAs) were investigated in RA patients in whom the dysregulated immune system had been ablated by high-dose chemotherapy
(HDC) and autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Six patients with refractory RA were extensively characterized
in terms of levels of total immunoglobulins, RA-specific autoantibodies (ACPAs and rheumatoid factor) and antibodies against
rubella, tetanus toxoid (TT) and phosphorylcholine before and after HDC plus HSCT. Additionally, the avidity of ACPAs was
measured before and after treatment and compared with the avidity of TT antibodies following repeated immunizations. Synovial
biopsies were obtained by arthroscopy before HDC plus HSCT, and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In the three patients with
clinically long-lasting responses to HDC plus HSCT (median 423 days), significant reductions in ACPA-IgG levels after therapy
were observed (median level dropped from 215 to 34 arbitrary units/ml; P = 0.05). In contrast, stable ACPA-IgG levels were observed in three patients who relapsed shortly after HDC plus HSCT (median
of 67 days). Clinical responders had ACPA-IgG of lower avidity (r = 0.75; P = 0.08) and higher degree of inflammation histologically (r = 0.73; P = 0.09). Relapse (after 38 to 530 days) in all patients was preceded by rising levels of low avidity ACPA-IgG (after 30 to
388 days), in contrast to the stable titres of high avidity TT antibodies. In conclusion, humoral autoimmune responses were
differentially modulated by immunoablative therapy in patients with synovial inflammation and low avidity ACPA-IgG autoantibodies
as compared with patients with high levels of high avidity ACPA-IgG. The distinct clinical disease course after immunoablative
therapy based on levels and avidity of ACPA-IgG indicates that refractory RA is not a single disease entity. 相似文献
60.
Rens W O'Brien PC Grützner F Clarke O Graphodatskaya D Tsend-Ayush E Trifonov VA Skelton H Wallis MC Johnston S Veyrunes F Graves JA Ferguson-Smith MA 《Genome biology》2007,8(11):R243-21