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排序方式: 共有2205条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
931.
932.
933.
Indeed human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered to be powerful tools in regenerative medicine. To enable the use of hiPSCs in the field of regenerative medicine, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of reprogramming during the transformation of somatic cells into hiPSCs. Genome-wide epigenetic modification constitutes a critical event in the generation of iPSCs. In other words, to analyze epigenetic changes in iPSCs means to elucidate reprogramming processes. We have established a large number of hiPSCs derived from various human tissues and have obtained their DNA methylation profiles. Comparison analyses indicated that the epigenetic patterns of various hiPSCs, irrespective of their source tissue, were very similar to one another and were similar to those of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, the profiles of hiPSCs and hESCs exhibited epigenetic differences, which were caused by random aberrant hypermethylation at early passages. Interestingly, continuous passaging of the hiPSCs diminished the differences between DNA methylation profiles of hiPSCs and hESCs. The number of aberrant DNA methylation regions may thus represent a useful epigenetic index for evaluating hiPSCs in the context of therapeutic applications. 相似文献
934.
Hideki Tsumura Morihiro Ito Masamichi Takami Miyuki Arai Xiao-Kang Li Toshio Hamatani Arisa Igarashi Shuji Takada Kenji Miyado Akihiro Umezawa Yasuhiko Ito 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2016
The CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc) regulates virus-induced cell fusion and monocyte fusion, and is involved in amino acid transportation. Here, we examined the role that CD98hc plays in the formation of osteoclasts using CD98hcflox/floxLysM-cre peritoneal macrophages (CD98hc-defect macrophages). Peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with co-cultured with osteoblasts in the presence of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3, and thereafter stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining solution. The multinucleated osteoclast formation was severely impaired in the peritoneal macrophages isolated from the CD98hc-defect mice compared with those from wild-type mice. CD98hc mediates integrin signaling and amino acid transport through the CD98 light chain (CD98lc). In integrin signaling, suppression of the M-CSF-RANKL-induced phosphorylation of ERK, Akt, JNK and p130Cas were observed at the triggering phase in the CD98h-defect peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, we showed that the general control non-derepressible (GCN) pathway, which was activated by amino acid starvation, was induced by the CD98hc-defect peritoneal macrophages stimulated with RANKL. These results indicate that CD98 plays two important roles in osteoclast formation through integrin signaling and amino acid transport. 相似文献
935.
936.
Akihiro Kinoshita Masato Higashino Koji Yoshida Yoshiyuki Aratani Akito Kakuuchi Keisuke Hanada Hiroyuki Takeda Atsushi Naganawa Hidekazu Matsuya Kazuyuki Ohmoto 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2018,26(1):200-214
A highly potent and well-balanced dual agonist for the EP2 and EP3 receptors is described. Optimization of the lead compound was accomplished in consideration of the relative agonist activity against each EP subtype receptor and the pharmacokinetic profile. As the result, 2-[(2-{(1R,2R)-2-[(1E,4S)-5-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-penten-1-yl]-5-oxocyclopentyl}eth-yl)thio]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid (10) showed excellent potency (human EC50 EP2?=?1.1?nM, EP3?=?1.0?nM) with acceptable selectivity over the EP1 and EP4 subtypes (>2000-fold). Further fine-tuning of compound 10 led to identification of ONO-8055 as a clinical candidate. ONO-8055 was effective at an extremely low dose (0.01?mg/kg, po, bid) in rats, and dose-dependently improved voiding dysfunction in a monkey model of underactive bladder (UAB). ONO-8055 is expected to be a novel and highly promising drug for UAB. 相似文献
937.
Xu Jian Morio Akihiro Morokuma Daisuke Nagata Yudai Hino Masato Masuda Akitsu Li Zhiqing Mon Hiroaki Kusakabe Takahiro Lee Jae Man 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2018,102(20):8783-8797
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAc-Ts or PGANTs), attaching GalNAc to serine or... 相似文献
938.
Akihiro Kondo Md. Golam Mostofa Katsuya Miyake Mashu Terasawa Akter M.S.T. Yeasmin Talukdar Muhammad Waliullah Tomotake Kanki Takashi Ushimaru 《Journal of molecular biology》2018,430(11):1671-1684
Cdc14 protein phosphatase is critical for late mitosis progression in budding yeast, although its orthologs in other organisms, including mammalian cells, function as stress-responsive phosphatases. We found herein unexpected roles of Cdc14 in autophagy induction after nutrient starvation and target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) kinase inactivation. TORC1 kinase phosphorylates Atg13 to repress autophagy under nutrient-rich conditions, but if TORC1 becomes inactive upon nutrient starvation or rapamycin treatment, Atg13 is rapidly dephosphorylated and autophagy is induced. Cdc14 phosphatase was required for optimal Atg13 dephosphorylation, pre-autophagosomal structure formation, and autophagy induction after TORC1 inactivation. In addition, Cdc14 was required for sufficient induction of ATG8 and ATG13 expression. Moreover, Cdc14 activation provoked autophagy even under normal conditions. This study identified a novel role of Cdc14 as the stress-responsive phosphatase for autophagy induction in budding yeast. 相似文献
939.
Partitioning of the F plasmid: Overproduction of an essential protein for partition inhibits plasmid maintenance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Noriko Kusukawa Hirotada Mori Akihiro Kondo Sota Hiraga 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1987,208(3):365-372
Summary Multicopy plasmids carrying the sopB gene of the F plasmid inhibit stable inheritance of a coexisting mini-F plasmid. This incompatibility, termed IncG, is found to be caused by excess amounts of the SopB protein, which is essential for accuratepartitioning of plasmid DNA molecules into daughter cells. A sopB-carrying multicopy plasmid that shows the IncG+ phenotype was mutagenized in vitro and IncG negative mutant plasmids were isolated. Among these amber and missense mutants of sopB, mutants with a low plasmid copy number and a mutant in the Shine-Dalgarno sequence for translation of the SopB protein were obtained. These results demonstrate that the IncG phenotype is caused by the SopB protein, and that the incompatibility is expressed only when the protein is overproduced. This suggests that the protein must be kept at appropriate concentrations to ensure stable maintenance of the plasmid. 相似文献
940.
A New Phaeodarian Species Discovered from the Japan Sea Proper Water,Auloscena pleuroclada sp. nov. (Aulosphaeridae,Phaeosphaerida, Phaeodaria) 下载免费PDF全文
Yasuhide Nakamura Ichiro Imai Akihiro Tuji Noritoshi Suzuki 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》2016,63(2):271-274
A new phaeodarian species, characterized by the presence of long developed side branches recurved proximally and distally on the surface of its radial tube, was described as Auloscena pleuroclada. This new species was only collected from the layers below the 250 m depth in the Sea of Japan. They have never been found in the shallower layers (above 250 m) of this sea or in other investigated areas. The distribution of the present new species is presumably restricted within the deep water of this area, and this species could be a specific phaeodarian adapted to the deep‐sea environment. 相似文献