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Basques are a cultural isolate, and, according to mainly allele frequencies of classical polymorphisms, also a genetic isolate.
We investigated the differentiation of Spanish Basques from the rest of Iberian populations by means of a dense, genome-wide
SNP array. We found that F
ST distances between Spanish Basques and other populations were similar to those between pairs of non-Basque populations. The
same result is found in a PCA of individuals, showing a general distinction between Iberians and other South Europeans independently
of being Basques. Pathogen-mediated natural selection may be responsible for the high differentiation previously reported
for Basques at very specific genes such as ABO, RH, and HLA. Thus, Basques cannot be considered a genetic outlier under a general genome scope and interpretations on their origin may
have to be revised. 相似文献