心草挥发油成分的研究

首次研究新疆产心草全草的挥发油成分 ,运用气相色谱 质谱 计算机联用技术 ,结合标准谱库 ,从检出的 87个化合物中共鉴定了 73种成分 ,其中主要成分为 1 丙氧基 2 丙醇、肉豆蔻醚、1,2 ,3 三甲氧基 5 (2 丙烯基 ) 苯、顺式 细辛脑、正己烷、芹菜脑、二甲醚、1,2 二甲氧基 4 (2 丙烯基 ) 苯、乙酸乙酯、斯巴醇、α ,α 4 三甲基 苯甲醇、反式 甲基异丁香油酚、水芹烯等 ,而 1 丙氧基 2 丙醇含量最高 ,占挥发油总量的 2 0 77% ,检出成分占挥发油总量的 92 4 6 %。     

鞑靼滨藜地上部分化学成分的研究

从鞑靼滨藜（Atriplex tatarica）首次分离得到6个化合物,通过理化及波谱分析,它们分别确定为苜素（tricin,1）,苜蓿素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（tricin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2）,异鼠李素（isorhanmetin,3）,异鼠李素．3-芸香糖甙（Isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside,4）,豆甾醇（stigmasteml,5）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,6）。     

维吾尔药毛菊苣提取物降糖活性的研究

本文利用糖尿病及其并发症治疗药物筛选中的关键靶点:PTP1B、α-葡萄糖苷酶和蛋白非酶糖化过程,对维吾尔药毛菊苣中提取分离后获得11个标准提取物进行降糖活性成分筛选。结果表明它们都具有PTP1B抑制剂作用,其中活性最好的组分IC50为5.8±0.15μg/mL,五种毛菊苣根提取物和一种毛菊苣籽(CGS-1)提取物具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活力,仅CGS-1具有一定的抑制蛋白非酶糖化过程的能力,其他组分均未见此活力,最后在转染的CHO细胞上对CGS-1作用机理进行了初步探索,观察到CGS-1可使磷酸化AKT蓄积,提示该组分可能通过PI3K/AKT途径刺激GLU4的转运从而达到降糖的目的。     

Immunocytochemical localization of S-100 beta beta protein in olfactory and supporting cells of lamb olfactory epithelium

By immunocytochemistry, we have identified two novel cell types, olfactory and supporting cells of lamb olfactory epithelium, expressing S-100 beta beta protein. S-100 immune reaction product was observed on ciliary and plasma membranes, on axonemes and in the cytoplasm adjacent to plasma membranes and to basal bodies of olfactory vesicles. A brief treatment of olfactory mucosae with Triton X-100 before fixation is necessary for detection of S-100 beta beta protein within olfactory vesicles. In the absence of such a treatment, the immune reaction product is restricted to ciliary and plasma membranes. On the other hand, irrespective of pre-treatment of olfactory mucosae, S-100 beta immune reaction product in supporting cells is restricted to microvillar and plasma membranes. The anti-S-100 beta antiserum used in these studies does not bind to basal cells of the olfactory epithelium or to cells of the olfactory glands, whereas it binds to Schwann cells of the olfactory nerve. An anti-S-100 alpha antiserum does not bind to cellular elements of the olfactory mucosa, Schwann cells, or axons of the olfactory nerve. The present data provide, for the first time, evidence for the presence of S-100 beta beta protein in mammalian neurons (olfactory cells).     

General treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: From KEYNOTE 177 study

In the palliative treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), doublet chemotherapy (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) or triplet chemotherapy (FOLFOXIRI) combined with targeted drugs (cetuximab or bevacizumab) is the main regimen. Recently, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or DNA mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) was discovered as a biomarker to distinguish immunotherapy-benefited populations. In this context, recently published randomized phase III clinical trials tested the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy and traditional chemotherapy with or without targeted drugs as first-line treatment for patients with MSI-H/dMMR mCRC.Here, we briefly analyze this article and further discuss immune monotherapy or double immunotherapy for patients with MSI-H/dMMR mCRC, the immunotherapy for patients with BRAF V600E mutant mCRC, and the immunotherapy for patients with microsatellite stable mCRC.     

Frog stomach enteric plexuses in culture: isolation, morphological characterization and bioelectrical recordings

We have succeeded in the isolation, culture and morphological characterization of Rana ridibunda stomach enteric plexuses. We have furthermore obtained intra and extracellular bioelectric recordings from the explants in culture. The culture medium used (Eagle MEM), the collagenase digestion and the general culture conditions followed are similar to those applied to mammal enteric plexus explant cultures. The most striking difference is that the solutions were diluted to 70% in order to maintain the osmolar conditions required by the amphibian cells. Acetylcholinesterase, osmium tetroxide-zinc iodide- and para-formaldehyde-induced fluorescence methods reveal similar morphological images from the perivascular fibre plexuses. The different cell types observed by phase contrast light microscopy from the myenteric explants in culture have been identified by comparison with those revealed by the acetylcholinesterase method. The prevailing neurons show piramidal somas; other neurons are bipolar with oval somas and a third type shows oval somas tightly aligned, following sinusoidal courses. The intra and extracellular bioelectric recordings from the explants in culture show that the culture conditions we have applied preserve the electrophysiological properties of the neuronal membranes. These preliminary recordings will allow us to undertake the synaptic characterization of the gastrointestinal neurotransmitters in frogs.     

Cloning and expression of sterol Delta 14-reductase from bovine liver.

Biosynthesis of cholesterol represents one of the fundamental cellular metabolic processes. Sterol Delta 14-reductase (Delta 14-SR) is a microsomal enzyme involved in the conversion of lanosterol to cholesterol in mammals. Amino-acid sequence analysis of a 38-kDa protein purified from bovine liver in our laboratory revealed > 90% similarity with a human sterol reductase, SR-1, encoded by the TM7SF2 gene, and with the C-terminal domain of human lamin B receptor. A cDNA encoding the 38-kDa protein, similar to human TM7SF2, was identified by analysis of a bovine expressed sequence tag (EST) database. The cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR, cloned, and sequenced. The cDNA encodes a 418 amino-acid polypeptide with nine predicted transmembrane domains. The deduced amino-acid sequence exhibits high similarity with Delta 14-SR from yeasts, fungi, and plants (55-59%), suggesting that the bovine cDNA encodes Delta 14-SR. Northern blot analysis of bovine tissues showed high expression of mRNA in liver and brain. The polypeptide encoded by the cloned cDNA was expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of transfected cells revealed a distribution of the protein throughout the ER. COS-7 cells expressing the protein exhibited Delta 14-SR activity about sevenfold higher than control cells. These results demonstrate that the cloned bovine cDNA encodes Delta 14-SR and provide evidence that the human TM7SF2 gene encodes Delta 14-SR.