Measurement of squalene in human tissues and plasma: validation and application.

A method is described for accurate and reproducible measurement of squalene in plasma, feces, urine, bile, and tissue that depends on isolation by alumina column chromatography after mild saponification and on measurement by gas-liquid chromatography. Recoveries from all tissues exceeded 80% and from plasma 96%; losses were accurately corrected by appropriate additions of squalene as an overall recovery standard.     

Itraconazole treatment of murine aspergillosis

ICR mice were challenged with conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus given either intranasally or intravenously, and treated beginning 1 day later with itraconazole, amphotericin B, or the vehicles for these two agents. Mice challenged intravenously and treated with either antifungal drug had prolonged survival over controls, and had lower tissue counts in the kidneys than the controls. However, mice challenged intranasally had neither prolonged survival nor lower lung tissue counts than the controls.     

The effects of lead upon collagen synthesis and proline hydroxylation in the Swiss mouse 3T6 fibroblast.

The effects of lead upon collagen synthesis and proline hydroxylation were examined in the Swiss mouse 3T6 fibroblast. The results indicate that lead reduces proline hydroxylation in stationary phase cultures of 3T6 cells, resulting in increased cellular retention of unhydroxylated procollagen. Inhibition of proline hydroxylation by lead was prevented by increasing the extracellular $\text{Fe}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}\text{Pb}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}$ molar ratio. Interference by lead in the hydroxylation of proline in logarithmic phase cultures of 3T6 cells resulted in increases in the 0.5 n HClO₄ soluble/insoluble hydroxyproline ratio. This was attributed to an increase in the rate of breakdown of lead-induced unhydroxylated procollagen. Kinetic analysis of the lead-iron interaction with proline hydroxylase suggests that the mechanism is competitive.     

Unbalancedness and Efficiency in Estimating Components of Variance: MINQUE and ANOVA Procedure

We consider the one-way classification random model. Using a measure of unbalancedness some MINQ-Estimation procedures and ANOVA-procedure have been investigated with respect to their sensibility to unbalancedness. Further if we define the efficiency of a design N as the ratio of the MSE (.)'s of the balanced and the unbalanced case we obtain for three MINQE-procedures upper and lower bounds of the minimum efficiency.