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61.
Dündaröz MR Türkbay T Sarici SU Akay C Sayal A Denli M 《Biological trace element research》2002,88(2):119-123
Plasma and erythrocyte levels of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) have not been investigated in volatile (inhalant) substance abusers
previously, although changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes resulting from oxidative damage caused by various constituents
of volatile substances have been shown in a few animal and human studies. Concentrations of these two elements in erythrocytes
and plasma of 37 adolescents with inhalant abuse were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and compared with those
of 37 age-matched healthy controls. Erythrocyte and plasma levels of Se and plasma level of Zn were significantly lower in
the study group when compared to the control group. Chronic inhalation of volatile substances can decrease the plasma levels
of Se and Zn and, thus, may lead to a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems in adolescent abusers. The role
of Se and Zn supplementation in children with inhalant abuse remains to be determined considering the reduced antioxidant
activity resulting from deficiency of these trace elements. 相似文献
62.
Işcan M Ada AO Coban T Kapucuoğlu N Aydin A Isimer A 《Biological trace element research》2002,89(2):177-190
When male rats were given a single dose of cadmium (Cd) (3.58 mg CdCl2·H2O/kg, ip) 72 hr prior to sacrifice, the testicular 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities toward the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB),
ethacrynic acid (EAA), 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane (EPNP), and cumene hydroperoxide (CHPx) decreased significantly as compared to controls. Cd also inhibited
reduced glutathione (GSH) level while increasing the lipid peroxidation (LP) level significantly. When the animals were given
a single dose of nickel (Ni) (59.5 mg NiCl2·6H2O/kg, ip) 16 hr prior to sacrifice, significant decreases were observed in EROD and GST activities toward CDNB, EAA, EPNP,
and CHPx, and GSH level. No significant alterations were noted in DCNB GST activity and LP level by Ni. For the combined treatment,
rats received the single dose of Ni 56 hr after the single dose of Cd and were killed 16 hr later. In these animals, lesser
depressions were observed on EROD activity and LP level than those of Cd alone. The combination of metals significantly inhibited
GST activities and GSH level but not to a greater degree than noted by Cd or Ni alone. Plasma testosterone levels of Cd-,
Ni-, and combination-treated rats decreased significantly compared to controls. The strongest depression was achieved by Cd
alone. Cd, both alone and in combination with Ni, increased the tissue Ni uptake significantly. Ni, however, did not produce
such an effect on the tissue uptake of Cd in either case. Cd treatment caused interstitial edema and coagulation necrosis
in seminiferous tubules and also caused fibrinoidal necrosis in vascular endothelium. Ni treatment did not produce any pathological
testicular alterations compared to controls. Combined treatment produced fewer pathological alterations (i.e., only interstitial
edema) than that of Cd treatment. These results reveal that the combination of Cd and Ni does not have a synergistic effect
on testicular xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, and in contrast, Ni has an ameliorating effect on pathological disturbances
caused by Cd alone in the rat testis. 相似文献
63.
64.
Regulation of virus-induced interferon-A genes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
65.
Efficient and selective recognition of DNA by proteins is due to sequence-specific interactions with a target site and nonselective electrostatic interactions that promote the target's rapid location. If synthetic molecules could mimic these functions, they would render a wide range of chromosome sequences accessible to rationally designed probes. Here we describe conjugates between bispeptide nucleic acids (bisPNAs) designed to specifically recognize duplex DNA and peptides that have been designed to promote rapid sequence recognition. Peptide design was based on the surface of staphylococcal nuclease, a cationic DNA binding protein with low sequence selectivity. We observe that attachment of the designed peptide increases rates of strand invasion by 100-fold relative to unmodified bisPNA. The peptide can contain D-amino acids, increasing the likelihood that it will be stable in cell extract and inside cells. Binding of the conjugate containing the D-amino acid peptide occurred over a broad range of experimental conditions and was sensitive to a single mismatch. Strand invasion was efficient at neutral to basic pH, a wide range of temperatures (0-65 degrees C), and in the presence of up to 7 mM Mg(2+) and 100 mM Na(+) or K(+). Our data suggest that attachment of peptides that mimic cationic protein surfaces to PNAs can afford conjugates that mimic the rapid and selective binding that characterizes native DNA binding proteins. Rapid strand invasion over a wide range of experimental conditions should further expand the utility of strand invasion by PNAs. 相似文献
66.
67.
Demir Z Kurtay A Sahin U Velidedeoğlu H Celebioğlu S 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2003,112(2):423-429
Loss of mustache and beard in the adult male caused by severe burn, trauma, or tumor resection may cause cosmetic and psychological problems for these patients. Reconstruction of the elements of the face presents difficult and often daunting problems for plastic surgeons. The tissue that will be used for this purpose should have the same characteristics as the facial area, consisting of thin, pliable, hair-bearing tissue with a good color match. There is a very limited amount of donor area that has these characteristics. A hair-bearing submental island flap was used successfully for mustache and beard reconstruction in 11 male patients during the last 5 years. The scar was on the mentum in four cases, right cheek in two cases, right half of the upper lip in two cases, left cheek in one case, left half of the upper lip in one case, and both sides of the upper lip in one case. The submental island flap is supplied by the submental artery, a branch of the facial artery. The maximum flap size was 13 x 6 cm and the minimum size was 6 x 3 cm (average, 10 x 4 cm) in this series. Direct closure was achieved at all donor sites. Patients were followed up for 6 months to 5 years. No major complication was noted other than one case of temporary palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. The mean postoperative stay was 7 days. Color and texture match were good. Hair growth on the flap was normal, and characteristics of the hair were the same as the intact side of the face in all patients. The submental island flap is safe, rapid, and simple to raise and leaves a well-hidden donor-site scar. The authors believe that the submental artery island flap surpasses the other flaps in reconstruction of the mustache and beard in male patients. Application of the technique and results are discussed in this article. 相似文献
68.
69.
Reconstruction of the weight-bearing surface of the foot with nonneurosensory free flaps 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sönmez A Bayramiçli M Sönmez B Numanoğlu A 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2003,111(7):2230-2236
Neurotized fasciocutaneous flaps and split-skin grafted muscle flaps are the most frequently used free flap alternatives for the reconstruction of weight-bearing surfaces of the foot. An objective comparison of the innate characteristics of these two flap types, with respect to long-term stability, has not been possible because sensory reinnervation in the fasciocutaneous flaps has been a confounding factor. This study compares nonsensate fasciocutaneous flaps (n = 9) with nonsensate split-skin grafted muscle flaps (n = 11), with mean follow-up periods of 34.3 and 31.3 months, respectively. Patients completed a form that included questions regarding degree of pain at the operative site, presence of ulcers, ability to wear normal shoes, employment status, and time spent standing on foot. Touch and deep sensation were evaluated with Semmes-Weinstein and vibration tests, respectively. Significantly less pain and less ulceration (p < 0.05) were observed in the fasciocutaneous group. Semmes-Weinstein monofilament tests revealed poorer results with split-skin grafted muscle flaps, compared with fasciocutaneous flaps. These results indicate that even if the sensory protection of fasciocutaneous flaps is not considered, these flaps have superior properties, compared with split-skin grafted muscle flaps. 相似文献
70.