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11.
Dr. Adolf Herfs 《Zoomorphology》1963,53(1):29-38
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
12.
Adolf Kotthaus 《Helgoland Marine Research》1939,1(3):349-358
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 4 Abbildungen im Text.Anm. Die Arbeit wurde durch eine Beihilfe der deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft ermöglicht. 相似文献
13.
Adolf Kappus 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1957,88(1):38-55
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 3 TextabbildungenGekürzte Fassung einer Dissertation. 相似文献
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16.
Frank Adolf Alexia Herrmann Andrea Hellwig Rainer Beck Britta Brügger Felix T. Wieland 《Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)》2013,14(8):922-932
Intracellular transport and maintenance of the endomembrane system in eukaryotes depends on formation and fusion of vesicular carriers. A seeming discrepancy exists in the literature about the basic mechanism in the scission of transport vesicles that depend on GTP‐binding proteins. Some reports describe that the scission of COP‐coated vesicles is dependent on GTP hydrolysis, whereas others found that GTP hydrolysis is not required. In order to investigate this pivotal mechanism in vesicle formation, we analyzed formation of COPI‐ and COPII‐coated vesicles utilizing semi‐intact cells. The small GTPases Sar1 and Arf1 together with their corresponding coat proteins, the Sec23/24 and Sec13/31 complexes for COPII and coatomer for COPI vesicles were required and sufficient to drive vesicle formation. Both types of vesicles were efficiently generated when GTP hydrolysis was blocked either by utilizing the poorly hydrolyzable GTP analogs GTPγS and GMP‐PNP, or with constitutively active mutants of the small GTPases. Thus, GTP hydrolysis is not required for the formation and release of COP vesicles. 相似文献
17.
Katrin Bomans Antje Lang Veronika Roedl Lisa Adolf Kyrillos Kyriosoglou Katharina Diepold Gabriele Eberl Michael M?lh?j Ulrike Strauss Christian Schmalz Rudolf Vogel Dietmar Reusch Harald Wegele Michael Wiedmann Patrick Bulau 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Biotherapeutics are often produced in non-human host cells like Escherichia coli, yeast, and various mammalian cell lines. A major focus of any therapeutic protein purification process is to reduce host cell proteins to an acceptable low level. In this study, various E. coli host cell proteins were identified at different purifications steps by HPLC fractionation, SDS-PAGE analysis, and tryptic peptide mapping combined with online liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). However, no host cell proteins could be verified by direct LC-MS analysis of final drug substance material. In contrast, the application of affinity enrichment chromatography prior to comprehensive LC-MS was adequate to identify several low abundant host cell proteins at the final drug substance level. Bacterial alkaline phosphatase (BAP) was identified as being the most abundant host cell protein at several purification steps. Thus, we firstly established two different assays for enzymatic and immunological BAP monitoring using the cobas® technology. By using this strategy we were able to demonstrate an almost complete removal of BAP enzymatic activity by the established therapeutic protein purification process. In summary, the impact of fermentation, purification, and formulation conditions on host cell protein removal and biological activity can be conducted by monitoring process-specific host cell proteins in a GMP-compatible and high-throughput (> 1000 samples/day) manner. 相似文献
18.
Targeting of nonkaryophilic cell-permeable peptides into the nuclei of intact cells by covalently attached nuclear localization signals 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Hariton-Gazal E Feder R Mor A Graessmann A Brack-Werner R Jans D Gilon C Loyter A 《Biochemistry》2002,41(29):9208-9214
Dermaseptins are a family of antimicrobial peptides that lyse target bacterial cells by destabilization of their membranes. Here we present a novel application of a peptide derived from the dermaseptin S4, S4(13). At nontoxic concentrations, fluorescently labeled S4(13) was able to penetrate intact cultured HeLa cells but essentially failed to enter their nuclei despite its low molecular weight. Covalent attachment of nuclear localization signal (NLS) motifs of the SV40-T-antigen and of the HIV-1 Rev protein (ARM) conferred karyophilic properties upon the S4(13). The resulting peptides, which were designated as PV-S4(13) and RR-S4(13) penetrated into intact HeLa cells and were able to accumulate within the cells' nuclei. In studies with digitonin-permeabilized cells, nuclear uptake of the PV-S4(13) and the RR-S4(13) peptides showed the same features that characterize active nuclear import. Nuclear import was observed at 37 degrees C, was ATP-dependent, and was inhibited by the free peptides bearing the SV40 NLS and the Rev and Tat ARMs. Microinjected S4(13) remained in the cytoplasm while microinjected RR-S4(13) was translocated into the cells' nuclei. The new type of cell-permeable "karyophilic" peptides described here may be of potential application as a lead compound for therapeutic purposes, as a tool to study nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in intact cells, and for the delivery of peptides to the nucleus. 相似文献
19.
Clemens Röhrl Tamara A. Pagler Witta Strobl Adolf Ellinger Josef Neumüller Margit Pavelka Herbert Stangl Claudia Meisslitzer-Ruppitsch 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2010,133(3):261-272
Holo-high density lipoprotein (HDL) particle uptake, besides selective lipid uptake, constitutes an alternative pathway to
regulate cellular cholesterol homeostasis. In the current study, the cellular path of holo-HDL particles was investigated
in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) using combined light and electron microscopical methods. The apolipoprotein moiety
of HDL was visualized with different markers: horseradish peroxidase, colloidal gold and the fluorochrome Alexa568, used in fluorescence microscopy and after photooxidation correlatively at the ultrastructural level. Time course experiments
showed a rapid uptake of holo-HDL particles, an accumulation in endosomal compartments, with a plateau after 1–2 h of continuous
uptake, and a clearance 1–2 h upon replacement by unlabeled HDL. Correlative microscopy, using HDL-Alexa568-driven diaminobenzidine (DAB) photooxidation, identified the fluorescent organelles as DAB-positive multivesicular bodies
(MVBs) in the electron microscope; their luminal contents but not the internal vesicles were stained. Labeled MVBs increased
in numbers and changed shapes along with the duration of uptake, from polymorphic organelles with multiple surface domains
and differently shaped protrusions dominating at early times of uptake to compact bodies with mainly tubular appendices and
densely packed vesicles after later times. Differently shaped and labeled surface domains and appendices, as revealed by three
dimensional reconstructions, as well as images of homotypic fusions indicate the dynamics of the HDL-positive MVBs. Double
staining visualized by confocal microscopy, along with the electron microscopic data, shows that holo-HDL particles after
temporal storage in MVBs are only to a minor degree transported to lysosomes, which suggests that different mechanisms are
involved in cellular HDL clearance, including resecretion. 相似文献
20.
The three major curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin, from Curcuma domestica Val. (Curcuma longa L.) and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) were fully separated and quantified in less than 5 min using a capillary zone electrophoresis method with standard fused-silica capillaries and photodiode array detection. An electrolyte solution of 20 mM phosphate, 50 mM sodium hydroxide and 14 mM beta-cyclodextrin was found to be appropriate. Quantification was performed with 3,4-dimethoxy-trans-cinnamic acid as internal standard, and the limit of detection was 0.01 mg/mL. Extraction, stabilisation during sample storage and quantification procedures were optimised and carried out with drugs and commercial curry powder from different provenances. The results were compared with the photometric method of the monograph Curcumae xanthorrhizae rhizoma of the European Pharmacopoeia. 相似文献