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951.
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Bryan A. Copits Raaj Gowrishankar Patrick R. O’Neill Jun-Nan Li Kasey S. Girven Judy J. Yoo Xenia Meshik Kyle E. Parker Skylar M. Spangler Abigail J. Elerding Bobbie J. Brown Sofia E. Shirley Kelly K.L. Ma Alexis M. Vasquez M. Christine Stander Vani Kalyanaraman Sherri K. Vogt Vijay K. Samineni Michael R. Bruchas 《Neuron》2021,109(11):1791-1809.e11
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954.
Monika Bambouskova Lucie Potuckova Tomas Paulenda Martina Kerndl Denis A. Mogilenko Kate Lizotte Amanda Swain Sebastian Hayes Ryan D. Sheldon Hyeryun Kim Unnati Kapadnis Abigail E. Ellis Christine Isaguirre Samantha Burdess Anwesha Laha Gaya K. Amarasinghe Victor Chubukov Thomas P. Roddy Maxim N. Artyomov 《Cell reports》2021,34(10):108756
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956.
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan Bridget Haire Abigail Harrison Morolake Odetoyingbo Olawunmi Fatusi Brandon Brown 《Developing world bioethics》2015,15(3):191-198
There is increasing interest in the need to address the ethical dilemmas related to the engagement of adolescents in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research. Research projects, including those that address issues related to STIs and HIV, adverse pregnancy outcomes, violence, and mental health, must be designed and implemented to address the needs of adolescents. Decisions on when an individual has adequate capacity to give consent for research most commonly use age as a surrogate rather than directly assessing capacity to understand the issues and make an informed decision on whether to participate in research or not. There is a perception that adolescents participating in research are more likely to be coerced and may therefore not fully comprehend the risk they may be taking when engaging in research. This paper examines the various ethical issues that may impact stakeholders' decision making when considering engaging adolescents in SRH research in Nigeria. It makes a case for lowering the age of consent for adolescents. While some experts believe it is possible to extrapolate relevant information from adult research, studies on ethical aspects of adolescents' participation in research are still needed, especially in the field of sexual and reproductive health where there are often differences in knowledge, attitudes and practices compared to adults. The particular challenges of applying the fundamental principles of research ethics to adolescent research, especially research about sex and sexuality, will only become clear if more studies are conducted. 相似文献
957.
Travis Glare Matt Campbell Patrick Biggs David Winter Abigail Durrant Aimee McKinnon Murray Cox 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2020,105(4):e21754
Species in the fungal genus Beauveria are pathogens of invertebrates and have been commonly used as the active agent in biopesticides. After many decades with few species described, recent molecular approaches to classification have led to over 25 species now delimited. Little attention has been given to the mitochondrial genomes of Beauveria but better understanding may led to insights into the nature of species and evolution in this important genus. In this study, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of four new strains belonging to Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria caledonica and Beauveria malawiensis, and compared them to existing mitochondrial sequences of related fungi. The mitochondrial genomes of Beauveria ranged widely from 28,806 to 44,135 base pairs, with intron insertions accounting for most size variation and up to 39% (B. malawiensis) of the mitochondrial length due to introns in genes. Gene order of the common mitochondrial genes did not vary among the Beauveria sequences, but variation was observed in the number of transfer ribonucleic acid genes. Although phylogenetic analysis using whole mitochondrial genomes showed, unsurprisingly, that B. bassiana isolates were the most closely related to each other, mitochondrial codon usage suggested that some B. bassiana isolates were more similar to B. malawiensis and B. caledonica than the other B. bassiana isolates analyzed. 相似文献
958.
Giada Ferrari Judith Neukamm Helle T. Baalsrud Abagail M. Breidenstein Mark Ravinet Carina Phillips Frank Rühli Abigail Bouwman Verena J. Schuenemann 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2020,375(1812)
Smallpox, caused by the variola virus (VARV), was a highly virulent disease with high mortality rates causing a major threat for global human health until its successful eradication in 1980. Despite previously published historic and modern VARV genomes, its past dissemination and diversity remain debated. To understand the evolutionary history of VARV with respect to historic and modern VARV genetic variation in Europe, we sequenced a VARV genome from a well-described eighteenth-century case from England (specimen P328). In our phylogenetic analysis, the new genome falls between the modern strains and another historic strain from Lithuania, supporting previous claims of larger diversity in early modern Europe compared to the twentieth century. Our analyses also resolve a previous controversy regarding the common ancestor between modern and historic strains by confirming a later date around the seventeenth century. Overall, our results point to the benefit of historic genomes for better resolution of past VARV diversity and highlight the value of such historic genomes from around the world to further understand the evolutionary history of smallpox as well as related diseases.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Insights into health and disease from ancient biomolecules’. 相似文献
959.
Abigail A. Salyers 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1989,55(1):33-38
Conclusions Although the results of experiments carried out to date have not given unambiguous answers to the question of which polysaccharides
are being utilized byBacterioides in the colon, the results nonetheless encourage us to think that it may be possible to develop methods for answering this
and related questions in the furture. Given the complexity of the in vivo environmental and the impossibility of knowing,
much less controlling, all parameters, it will probably be necessary to use more than one approach to answering a particular
question and assume that if anseers obtained by different approaches are consistent, they are probably correct. For example,
the general conclusions from the experiments testing the performance of mutants in the germfree mouse model are in agreement
with those arising from direct biochemical analysis of human feces. Also, results from these experiments with help to guide
the design of more specific antibody probes because they indicate which polysaccharides are most likely to be important. A
bootstrap type of approach in which each successive set of experiments produces information that makes possible a more specific
type of probe may be the only approach that makes sense when dealing with metabolically versatile organisms in a highly complex
ecosystem. 相似文献
960.
Luke D Wilson Jacqueline M Sackett Bryce D Mieczkowski Abigail L Richie Kara Thoemke Jon N Rumbley Tim L Kroft 《BMC developmental biology》2011,11(1):10