Optimization of anticancer exopolysaccharide production from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus by response surface methodology

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Recently, much attention has been focused on decreasing the risk of CRC by consuming probiotics. In the present study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus was found to inhibit the growth of CaCo2 colon cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner. The experiment was performed in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and EPS was found to reduce the survival of CaCo2 cell line in both the conditions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) studies demonstrated that EPS treatment upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions, whereas it upregulated the expression of erythropoietin (EPO) in the normoxic condition, but there was no significant expression under hypoxic conditions. Hence, the EPS production was optimized by Plackett–Burman design followed by central composite rotatory design. The optimized production of EPS at 24 hr was found to be 400 mg/L. During batch cultivation the production peaked at 21 hr, resulting in an EPS concentration of 597 mg/L.     

Microwave Assisted Alcoholysis of Isocyanates Derived from N<Superscript>α</Superscript>-[(9-fluorenylmethyl)oxy]carbonyl Amino Acids: Synthesis of N-Fmoc-N<Superscript>1</Superscript>-Z-/Boc-/Alloc-/Bsmoc-gem-diamines

A general and efficient method has been developed for the alcoholysis of isocyanates derived from the N^α-[(9-fluorenylmethyl)oxy]carbonyl amino acids with various alcohols including hindered ones assisted by MW irradiation. Thus, the synthesis of N, N¹-diurethane protected gem-diamines wherein Fmoc protection on one of the amino groups and Z-/Boc-/Alloc or Bsmoc group on the other amino function has been accomplished. All the new orthogonally diurethane protected gem-diamines have been obtained as crystalline solid powders in 80 to 94% yield. The bisprotected gem-diamines have been fully characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR as well as by mass spectrometry.     

Dehydration of Chiral α-Amides to Chiral α-Nitriles Under the Appel Reaction Conditions

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - An efficient synthesis of Nα-protected amino nitriles from Nα-protected amino acid amides employing Ph3P, I2 and NMM was...     

An Efficient and Epimerization Free Synthesis of C-Terminal Arylamides Derived from α-Amino Acids and Peptide Acids via T3P Activation

A high yield and rapid synthesis of enantiomerically pure N ^α -protected amino/peptide acid arylamides using n-propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P) in presence of N-methylmorpholine is described. The generality of the reaction has been studied for various N ^α -protected amino acids with diverse range of aromatic amines and coumarin derivatives.