The genera
Odontacolus Kieffer and
Cyphacolus Priesner are among the most distinctive platygastroid wasps because of their laterally compressed metasomal horn; however, their generic status has remained unclear. We present a morphological phylogenetic analysis comprising all 38 Old World and four Neotropical
Odontacolus species and 13
Cyphacolus species, which demonstrates that the latter is monophyletic but nested within a somewhat poorly resolved
Odontacolus. Based on these results
Cyphacolus
syn. n. is placed as a junior synonym of
Odontacolus which is here redefined. The taxonomy of Old World
Odontacolus
s.str. is revised; the previously known species
Odontacolus longiceps Kieffer (Seychelles),
Odontacolus markadicus Veenakumari (India),
Odontacolus spinosus (Dodd) (Australia) and
Odontacolus hackeri (Dodd) (Australia) are re-described, and 32 new species are described:
Odontacolus africanus Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe),
Odontacolus aldrovandii Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Nepal),
Odontacolus anningae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Cameroon),
Odontacolus australiensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus baeri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus berryae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island),
Odontacolus bosei Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka),
Odontacolus cardaleae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus darwini Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand),
Odontacolus dayi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Indonesia),
Odontacolus gallowayi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus gentingensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Malaysia),
Odontacolus guineensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Guinea),
Odontacolus harveyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus heratyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji),
Odontacolus heydoni Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Malaysia, Thailand),
Odontacolus irwini Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji),
Odontacolus jacksonae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Cameroon, Guinea, Madagascar),
Odontacolus kiau Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Papua New Guinea),
Odontacolus lamarcki Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand),
Odontacolus madagascarensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Madagascar),
Odontacolus mayri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Indonesia, Thailand),
Odontacolus mot Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India),
Odontacolus noyesi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India, Indonesia),
Odontacolus pintoi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island),
Odontacolus schlingeri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji),
Odontacolus sharkeyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand),
Odontacolus veroae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji),
Odontacolus wallacei Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, Indonesia, Malawi, Papua New Guinea),
Odontacolus whitfieldi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (China, India, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam),
Odontacolus zborowskii Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia), and
Odontacolus zimi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Madagascar). In addition, all species of
Cyphacolus are here transferred to
Odontacolus:
Odontacolus asheri (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Sri Lanka),
Odontacolus axfordi (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus bhowaliensis (Mani & Mukerjee) comb. n. (India),
Odontacolus bouceki (Austin & Iqbal) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus copelandi (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Kenya, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Thailand),
Odontacolus diazae (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Kenya),
Odontacolus harteni (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Yemen, Ivory Coast, Paskistan),
Odontacolus jenningsi (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus leblanci (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Guinea),
Odontacolus lucianae (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Ivory Coast, Madagascar, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe),
Odontacolus normani (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (India, United Arab Emirates),
Odontacolus sallyae (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus tessae (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus tullyae (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Australia),
Odontacolus veniprivus (Priesner) comb. n. (Egypt), and
Odontacolus watshami (Valerio, Masner & Austin) comb. n. (Africa, Madagascar). Two species of
Odontacolus are transferred to the genus
Idris Förster:
Idris longispinosus (Girault) comb. n. and
Idris amoenus (Kononova) comb. n., and
Odontacolus doddi Austin syn. n. is placed as a junior synonym of
Odontacolus spinosus (Dodd).
Odontacolus markadicus, previously only known from India, is here recorded from Brunei, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. The relationships, distribution and biology of
Odontacolus are discussed, and a key is provided to identify all species.
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