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41.
The other pigment cell: specification and development of the pigmented epithelium of the vertebrate eye 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
42.
Lamour KH Mudge J Gobena D Hurtado-Gonzales OP Schmutz J Kuo A Miller NA Rice BJ Raffaele S Cano LM Bharti AK Donahoo RS Finley S Huitema E Hulvey J Platt D Salamov A Savidor A Sharma R Stam R Storey D Thines M Win J Haas BJ Dinwiddie DL Jenkins J Knight JR Affourtit JP Han CS Chertkov O Lindquist EA Detter C Grigoriev IV Kamoun S Kingsmore SF 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2012,25(10):1350-1360
The oomycete vegetable pathogen Phytophthora capsici has shown remarkable adaptation to fungicides and new hosts. Like other members of this destructive genus, P. capsici has an explosive epidemiology, rapidly producing massive numbers of asexual spores on infected hosts. In addition, P. capsici can remain dormant for years as sexually recombined oospores, making it difficult to produce crops at infested sites, and allowing outcrossing populations to maintain significant genetic variation. Genome sequencing, development of a high-density genetic map, and integrative genomic or genetic characterization of P. capsici field isolates and intercross progeny revealed significant mitotic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in diverse isolates. LOH was detected in clonally propagated field isolates and sexual progeny, cumulatively affecting >30% of the genome. LOH altered genotypes for more than 11,000 single-nucleotide variant sites and showed a strong association with changes in mating type and pathogenicity. Overall, it appears that LOH may provide a rapid mechanism for fixing alleles and may be an important component of adaptability for P. capsici. 相似文献
43.
44.
Arsenic (As) toxicity through induction of oxidative stress is a well-known mechanism of organ toxicity. To address this problem,
buffalo epiphyseal proteins (BEP, at 100 μg/kg BW, i.p. for 28 days) were administered intraperitoneally to female Wistar
rats exposed to As (100 ppm sodium arsenite via drinking water for 28 days). Arsenic exposure resulted in marked elevation
in lipid peroxidation in brain, cardiac, and hepatic tissues, whereas significant (p < 0.05) adverse change in catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione
level were observed in cardiac, hepatic, and brain tissues of As-administered animals. BEP significantly (p < 0.05) counteracted all the adverse changes in antioxidant defense system brought about by As administration. Based on these
results, we consider BEP as a potent antioxidant to be used for protection from arsenic-induced oxidative stress related damage
of vital organs. 相似文献
45.
ASAP3 is a focal adhesion-associated Arf GAP that functions in cell migration and invasion 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ha VL Bharti S Inoue H Vass WC Campa F Nie Z de Gramont A Ward Y Randazzo PA 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2008,283(22):14915-14926
ASAP3, an Arf GTPase-activating protein previously called DDEFL1 and ACAP4, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. We have examined in vitro and in vivo functions of ASAP3 and compared it to the related Arf GAP ASAP1 that has also been implicated in oncogenesis. ASAP3 was biochemically similar to ASAP1: the pleckstrin homology domain affected function of the catalytic domain by more than 100-fold; catalysis was stimulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; and Arf1, Arf5, and Arf6 were used as substrates in vitro. Like ASAP1, ASAP3 associated with focal adhesions and circular dorsal ruffles. Different than ASAP1, ASAP3 did not localize to invadopodia or podosomes. Cells, derived from a mammary carcinoma and from a glioblastoma, with reduced ASAP3 expression had fewer actin stress fiber, reduced levels of phosphomyosin, and migrated more slowly than control cells. Reducing ASAP3 expression also slowed invasion of mammary carcinoma cells. In contrast, reduction of ASAP1 expression had no effect on migration or invasion. We propose that ASAP3 functions nonredundantly with ASAP1 to control cell movement and may have a role in cancer cell invasion. In comparing ASAP1 and ASAP3, we also found that invadopodia are dispensable for the invasive behavior of cells derived from a mammary carcinoma. 相似文献
46.
The effects of fluoride on the photosynthetic electron transport chain have been studied in spinach thylakoid membranes. Inhibition
in photosystem (PS) 2 electron transport rates and a subsequent increase in PS 1 electron transport rate indicated a possibility
of state transitions being a mechanism of fluoride action. This hypothesis was further confirmed by the increase in fluorescence
emission F735/685 at 77 K, a decrease in variable to maximum fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm) at room temperature and increase in the absorption cross section of PS 1 suggesting that fluoride affects distribution of
the excitation energy in favour of PS 1 at the expense of PS 2. 相似文献
47.
We report the occurrence of a freshwater medusa from a laboratory aquarium in Ranchi, Bihar, India. The consistent emergence of these medussae coincided with sunny days after heavy and prolonged rainfall in the months of August to October. The material showed similarity with Limnocnide indica Annandale and L. nepalensis Dumont but differed in many respects, and is given the status of a distinct species, Limnocnida biharensis n.sp.Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. 相似文献
48.
This study was designed for investigating the effect of Asparagus racemosus (AR) extract and chitosan (CTN) in facilitating the permeation of carvedilol (CDL) across rat epidermis. Transdermal flux
of carvedilol through heat-separated rat epidermis was investigated in vitro using vertical Keshary–Chien diffusion cells. Biophysical and microscopic manifestations of epidermis treated with AR extract,
CTN, and AR extract–CTN mixture were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, transepidermal water loss, scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Biochemical estimations of cholesterol, sphingosine,
and triglycerides were carried out for treated excised as well as viable rat epidermis. The antihypertensive activity of the
patches in comparison with that of oral carvedilol was studied in deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced hypertensive rats. The
permeation of carvedilol across excised rat epidermis was significantly higher (p < 0.05) when AR extract, CTN, or AR extract–CTN mixture was used as donor vehicle as compared to propylene glycol/ethanol
(7:3) mixture. Epidermis obtained after 12 h treatment of viable rat skin with AR extract–CTN mixture showed significantly
higher (p < 0.05) permeability to CDL as compared to that after treatment with AR extract or CTN alone. Further, the application of
patches containing AR extract–CTN mixture resulted in sustained release of CDL which was able to control the hypertension
in deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced hypertensive rats through 36 h. Estimation of micro constituents in rat epidermis revealed
maximum extraction of cholesterol, sphingosine, and triglycerides after treatment with AR extract–CTN mixture. This was manifested
in altered lipid and protein-specific thermotropic transitions. Further, increase in intercellular space, disordered lipid
structure, and corneocyte detachment as observed in SEM and TEM suggested great potential of AR extract for use as percutaneous
permeation enhancer. The developed transdermal patches of CDL containing AR extract–CTN mixture exhibited better performance
as compared to oral administration in controlling hypertension in rats. 相似文献
49.
Helen Louise May-Simera Qin Wan Balendu Shekhar Jha Juliet Hartford Vladimir Khristov Roba Dejene Justin Chang Sarita Patnaik Quanlong Lu Poulomi Banerjee Jason Silver Christine Insinna-Kettenhofen Dishita Patel Mostafa Lotfi May Malicdan Nathan Hotaling Arvydas Maminishkis Rupa Sridharan Kapil Bharti 《Cell reports》2018,22(1):189-205
50.
Federica Calì Sanjay Kumar Bharti Roberta Di Perna Robert M. Brosh Jr Francesca M. Pisani 《Nucleic acids research》2016,44(2):705-717
We present evidence that Tim establishes a physical and functional interaction with DDX11, a super-family 2 iron-sulfur cluster DNA helicase genetically linked to the chromosomal instability disorder Warsaw breakage syndrome. Tim stimulates DDX11 unwinding activity on forked DNA substrates up to 10-fold and on bimolecular anti-parallel G-quadruplex DNA structures and three-stranded D-loop approximately 4–5-fold. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that Tim enhances DDX11 binding to DNA, suggesting that the observed stimulation derives from an improved ability of DDX11 to interact with the nucleic acid substrate. Surface plasmon resonance measurements indicate that DDX11 directly interacts with Tim. DNA fiber track assays with HeLa cells exposed to hydroxyurea demonstrated that Tim or DDX11 depletion significantly reduced replication fork progression compared to control cells; whereas no additive effect was observed by co-depletion of both proteins. Moreover, Tim and DDX11 are epistatic in promoting efficient resumption of stalled DNA replication forks in hydroxyurea-treated cells. This is consistent with the finding that association of the two endogenous proteins in the cell extract chromatin fraction is considerably increased following hydroxyurea exposure. Overall, our studies provide evidence that Tim and DDX11 physically and functionally interact and act in concert to preserve replication fork progression in perturbed conditions. 相似文献