Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Alloy materials such as Si and Ge are attractive as high‐capacity anodes for rechargeable batteries, but such anodes undergo severe capacity degradation during discharge–charge processes. Compared to the over‐emphasized efforts on the electrode structure design to mitigate the volume changes, understanding and engineering of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) are significantly lacking. This work demonstrates that modifying the surface of alloy‐based anode materials by building an ultraconformal layer of Sb can significantly enhance their structural and interfacial stability during cycling. Combined experimental and theoretical studies consistently reveal that the ultraconformal Sb layer is dynamically converted to Li₃Sb during cycling, which can selectively adsorb and catalytically decompose electrolyte additives to form a robust, thin, and dense LiF‐dominated SEI, and simultaneously restrain the decomposition of electrolyte solvents. Hence, the Sb‐coated porous Ge electrode delivers much higher initial Coulombic efficiency of 85% and higher reversible capacity of 1046 mAh g^?1 after 200 cycles at 500 mA g^?1, compared to only 72% and 170 mAh g^?1 for bare porous Ge. The present finding has indicated that tailoring surface structures of electrode materials is an appealing approach to construct a robust SEI and achieve long‐term cycling stability for alloy‐based anode materials.     

Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential‐Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

Sequential deposition has great potential to achieve high performance in organic solar cells due to the resulting well‐controlled vertical phase separation. In this work, double bulk heterojunction organic solar cells are fabricated by sequential‐blade cast in ambient conditions. Probed by the in situ grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction and in situ UV–vis absorption measurements, the seq‐blade system exhibits a different tendency from each of the binary films during the film formation process. Due to the extensive aggregation of FOIC, the binary PBDB‐T:FOIC film displays a strong and large phase separation, resulting in low current density (J_sc) and unsatisfactory power conversion efficiency. In the seq‐blade cast system, the bottom layer PBDB‐T:IT‐M produces many crystal nuclei for the top layer PBDB‐T:FOIC, so the PBDB‐T molecules are able to crystallize easily and quickly. Balanced crystallization kinetics between polymer and small molecule and an ideal percolation network in the film are observed. In addition, the balanced crystallization kinetics are favorable toward realizing lower recombination loss through charge transport processes.     

幽门螺杆菌感染性胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染性胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年12月到2018年6月期间在兰州大学第一医院接受治疗的胃癌患者80例,收集其手术切除的病理组织。采用C-14呼气试验和改良Giemsa染色检测患者HP感染的情况,采用免疫组化法检测胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9表达情况。分析HP感染、cyclinD1、MMP-9表达与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并分析胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达的相关性。结果:80例胃癌患者HP感染阳性56例(70.00%),阴性24例(30.00%)。有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的HP感染阳性率高于无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。80例胃癌患者cyclinD1阳性表达45例(56.25%),阴性表达35例(43.75%),MMP-9阳性表达65例(81.25%),阴性表达15例(18.75%),TNM临床分期为III+IV期、分化程度为低分化、有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的cyclinD1、MMP-9阳性表达率明显高于TNM临床分期为I+II期、分化程度为中高分化、无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。HP感染阳性患者的cyclinD1阳性表达率和MMP-9阳性表达率均明显高于HP感染阴性患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者的HP感染情况与淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,cyclinD1和MMP-9的表达与TNM临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,且胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关。     

宫颈癌差异表达基因筛选及功能分析

目的:筛选参与宫颈癌发生、发展的关键基因,为临床诊疗提供新的靶点。方法:在NCBI-GEO数据库中筛选多组宫颈癌基因表达检测数据集,利用GEO2R分析工具筛选各组数据集的差异表达基因;应用R分析筛选不同数据集之间共有的差异表达基因;利用DAVID在线分析对差异表达基因进行功能聚类和通路分析;利用STRING分析差异表达基因编码蛋白之间的相互作用关系。结果:共选择6组表达数据集,筛选得到59个差异表达基因(宫颈癌组织vs正常组织),表达差异至少达2倍,其中包含50个表达上调基因及9个表达下调基因。这些差异表达基因参与细胞周期、DNA复制、细胞分裂等生物进程。蛋白互作分析表明,这些差异表达基因多数存在相互作用。结论:利用生物信息学方法对不同来源的基因检测数据进行整合分析,有助于更准确的筛选对宫颈癌发生、发展过程具有重要作用的关键基因,本文筛选的宫颈癌差异基因为进一步研究宫颈癌发生、发展的分子机制及临床诊疗提供思路。     

ACEI及无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并OSAHS的疗效及对血清BNP水平的影响

目的:探讨血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)联合无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)疗效及对血清脑钠素(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平的影响。方法:抽取我院自2013年1月到2019年4月收治的98例心衰合并OSAHS患者,根据治疗方法分为对照组(49例,ACEI常规治疗)与实验组(49例,ACEI联合无创呼吸机辅助治疗),比较两组患者治疗前后红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin,EPO)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、红细胞计数(red blood cell,RBC)、平均红细胞蛋白含量(Mean corpuscular protein content,MCH)、血细胞比容(Hematocrit,HCT)、平均红细胞体积(Mean red blood cell volume,MCV)、夜间平均最低血氧合度(Lowest oxygen saturation,LSaO2)、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)、血清脑钠素(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平、中心收缩压(systolic pressure,SP)及中心舒张压(diastolic pressure,DP)的变化。结果:治疗后,两组患者EPO、Hb、RBC、MCH、HCT、MCV水平均明显低于治疗前,且实验组患者的以上指标水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后LSaO2高于明显高于治疗前,AHI水平低于治疗前,且实验组LSaO2高于对照组,AHI水平低于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者BNP、SP和DP明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),且实验组患者的以上指标水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组患者的术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:ACEI及无创呼吸机辅助治疗心衰合并OSAHS可改善患者的睡眠紊乱、睡眠呼吸障碍、心衰及高血压,具有临床推广应用的价值。     

单切口腹腔镜在结直肠手术中的应用效果及对炎症因子与应激反应的影响

目的:探讨单切口腹腔镜在结直肠手术中的应用效果及对炎症因子与应激反应的影响。方法:选择2018年1月至2019年10月我院接诊的98例结直肠癌患者,通过随机数表法分为2组,每组49例。观察组使用单切口腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术,对照组使用传统腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术,常规5孔操作法。比较两组围术期相关情况、手术前后血清炎症因子水平的变化、手术后应激反应及并发症的发生情况。结果:两组淋巴结清扫个数、中转开腹例数、术后排气时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组手术时间明显长于对照组,脐切口长度、住院时间、术中出血量均显著短于或低于对照组;两组术后1 d、3 d、5 d时高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、皮质醇(Cor)水平均明显高于术前(P0.05);且观察组术后1d、3d、5d时hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、NE、E、Cor较对照组显著降低(P0.05);两组吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄、吻合口出血、小肠穿孔、肠梗阻、感染的总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:和传统5孔操作法相比,单切口腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术治疗结直肠癌患者的手术时间更长,但术后炎症因子表达更低,应激反应更小,有利于患者术后恢复。     

Long-Term Existence of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients: Host Immunity,Viral Virulence,and Transmissibility

Virologica Sinica - COVID-19 patients can recover with a median SARS-CoV-2 clearance of 20&nbsp;days post initial symptoms (PIS). However, we observed some COVID-19 patients with existing...     

Nanopore sequencing of African swine fever virus

正Dear Editor,African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most pathogenic viral diseases in pigs caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV). The fatality rate is almost 100%, which brings huge economic losses to the hog industry in countries with epi-