肾素－血管紧张素系统──应激激素反应系统

各种急性与慢性应激时,循环血中及脑、心血管、肾腺等组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡⅡ）显著增多;人剧烈运动后血浆ＡⅡ与皮质醇一样均剧烈增加,在慢性应激性高血压动物循环及组织中,ＡⅡ含量持续地增高。还发现高浓度ＡⅡ对肾上腺糖皮质激素的分泌有直接的刺激作用,而组织ＡⅡ增多又受肾上腺素能β受体的激发。根据近年来的系列工作,并结合文献,我们认为ＡⅡ是一种重要的应激激素;肾素－血管紧张素系统是一个应激激素反应系统;它与经典的应激激素反应系统,下丘脑－垂体－肾上腺皮质系统及交感－肾上腺髓质系统也存在着密切的关系。     

氟化物对桑蚕幼虫中肠ATP酶活性影响的电镜细胞化学定位

氟化物对桑蚕幼虫中肠ＡＴＰ酶活性影响的电镜细胞化学定位陈玉银,包焕盛,吴玉澄（浙江农业大学杭州３１００Ｎ）桑蚕Ｂｏｍｂｙｘｍｏｒｉ（Ｌ．）氟中毒导致蚕茧严重减产是目前蚕业界最为关切的问题,有关桑蚕幼虫氟中毒的机理研究也从各方面展开［１１］。已知桑蚕氟...     

应用Bt－7A乳剂防治美国白蛾

应用Ｂｔ－７Ａ乳剂防治美国白蛾席海生,王俊义,谢玺文,刘晓辉,李文珍刘素萍（辽宁省微生物研究所,朝阳１２２０００）（朝阳市图书馆信息部１２２０００）美国白蛾属鳞翅目、灯蛾科,是世界性的林木检疫害虫。其特点是食性杂、耐饥力强、传播快、适应范围广,对多种...     

Histopathology of retained bovine fetal membranes

Placentomes were obtained from 20 cows with retained placenta (9 following normal birth, 5 after abortion and 6 with dystocia), and this material was examined by light microscopy. Histologic changes that were consistently seen in placentomes of cows with retained placenta after normal birth included vascular changes (edema, thrombosis and vasculitis) and the presence of numerous clumps of bacterialcolonies in the connective tissue of the caruncles and cotyledons. Only a few binucleate cells were seen in these cases. In placentomes obtained from cows with retained placenta after abortion, there were instances of focal necrosis of the fetal villi and the presence of variable numbers of binucleate cells. Vascular changes and numerous clumps of bacterial colonies in the caruncles and cotyledons were also noted. The changes in placentomes obtained from cows with retained placenta and dystocia included the presence of numerous binucleate cells, infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells in the connective tissue of both the fetal and maternal villi, vascular changes, and the presence of extensive necrosis and numerous clumps of bacterial colonies. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were encountered in the number of binucleate cells in the various groups. Binucleate cells appear to be involved in the process of placental separation in cows with retained placenta.     

Characterization of the Early Stages of Genetic Salt-Stress Responses in Salt-Tolerant Lophopyrum elongatum,Salt-Sensitive Wheat,and Their Amphiploid

Eleven unique cDNA clones corresponding to genes showing enhanced mRNA accumulation in the early stages of salt stress (early salt stress induced, ESI) were previously isolated. The accumulation of these mRNAs in Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) A. Love, salt-sensitive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and their amphiploid is compared. The accumulation of ESI mRNAs was much greater in the L. elongatum roots than in the shoots. Additionally, mRNA accumulation in the roots of the three genotypes showed a biphasic response. The first phase occurred within a few hours after the onset of stress and had a large osmotic shock component, as indicated by induction of the accumulation of these mRNAs by a nonsaline osmoticum. The ion-specific component, however, also played a role. External Ca2+ reduced this response. The second phase was characterized by either constantly elevated mRNA levels or gradually increasing mRNA levels. The same biphasic response was elicited by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). The response of all mRNAs to ABA closely approximated the response to 250 mM NaCl treatment in all three genotypes. The differences among the three genotypes in response to NaCl and ABA treatments were largely confined to the first phase of the response, in which mRNA levels were highest in L. elongatum and lowest in wheat. The levels of ESI mRNAs in the amphiploid closely approximated levels calculated on the basis of the doses of wheat and L. elongatum genomes in the amphiploid, which indicated an additive contribution of the genomes to early salt stress response in the amphiploid. The inducer of the ESI mRNA accumulation in response to NaCl and other osmotica is produced in the stressed roots and shows only minor, if any, translocation. A putative candidate for this inducer is root ABA.     

Viral and rickettsial diseases; laboratory methods in diagnosis

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIRAL DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES HAVE BEEN: (1) technical advances, and (2) increasing demand for services due to relative and actual increases in the prevalence of these illnesses. This increase has been both relative, as in the case of diphtheria, etc., and actual as in the cases of poliomyelitis. Technical advances have been numerous and frequent. One of the most spectacular has been the development of methods for the culture of living cells for the propagation of viruses. Emphasis must be placed on the fact that the diagnosis of many viral diseases requires close teamwork between local, state, federal, and privately supported agencies. Laboratory procedures remain expensive but are frequently the only way to determine the exact nature of a particular illness. The available or practical procedures are emphasized in this discussion.