首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   796338篇
  免费   82455篇
  国内免费   250篇
  879043篇
  2018年   7929篇
  2017年   7580篇
  2016年   10630篇
  2015年   13443篇
  2014年   16021篇
  2013年   23123篇
  2012年   25962篇
  2011年   26746篇
  2010年   18265篇
  2009年   16885篇
  2008年   23908篇
  2007年   24875篇
  2006年   23252篇
  2005年   22360篇
  2004年   22138篇
  2003年   21298篇
  2002年   20808篇
  2001年   34733篇
  2000年   34194篇
  1999年   27568篇
  1998年   10176篇
  1997年   10263篇
  1996年   9838篇
  1995年   9057篇
  1994年   8720篇
  1993年   8751篇
  1992年   22333篇
  1991年   21916篇
  1990年   21368篇
  1989年   20812篇
  1988年   19079篇
  1987年   18321篇
  1986年   17091篇
  1985年   16952篇
  1984年   13933篇
  1983年   12181篇
  1982年   9230篇
  1981年   8355篇
  1980年   7753篇
  1979年   12938篇
  1978年   10201篇
  1977年   9191篇
  1976年   8802篇
  1975年   9816篇
  1974年   10484篇
  1973年   10350篇
  1972年   9477篇
  1971年   8456篇
  1970年   7384篇
  1969年   7255篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
971.
A Gram-positive Rhodococcus erythropolis strain S1 was shown to assimilate aromatic amino acids such as L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan, D-phenylalanine, D-tyrosine and D-tryptophan, which were utilized not only as the sole carbon source but also as a suitable nitrogen source. The highest growth on these aromatic amino acids occurred at a temperature of 30°C. L-Phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan degradative pathways would appear to be independent, and to be induced alternatively. The strain S1 also showed the ability to assimilate peptides which consisted of only L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine.  相似文献   
972.
Cannabinoids have been shown to affect various aspects of arachidonic acid metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Eicosanoid metabolites of arachidonate and related octadecanoate are believed to be involved in cell adhesion processes as agonists in some instances and as antagonists in other cases. This report shows data in which cannabinoids exhibit marked inhibitory effects on the adhesion of mouse peritoneal cells to polystyrene culture dishes. The effects could be seen by in vivo administration of the drugs as well as by direct exposure of the cells in vitro. The data suggest that this inhibition of adhesion is mediated by one or more products generated by stimulation of a lipoxygenase pathway.  相似文献   
973.
Two approaches based on the concept of a vector population index are considered as possible deterministic elements for an empirical forecast of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in autumn sown cereals. The first, an aerial vector index, is a further elaboration of the infectivity index proposed by Plumb, Lennon & Gutteridge (1981), which assumes that virus damage is a function of the number of infective migrant alatae of the two main aphid vectors, Rhopalosiphum padi L. and Sitobion avenae F., integrated over time from crop planting or emergence. The new formulation, however, excludes holocyclic alate morphs (i.e. males and gynoparae) of the former species, which, although generally abundant in autumn, are nevertheless perceived as relatively unimportant virus vectors since they colonise only the alternative woody host, Prunus padus (the bird-cherry tree). The second approach, a crop vector index, is a more fundamental departure which argues that field populations of viruliferous aphids, both alatae and apterae, which have already colonised cereals, may be a better criterion of potential virus spread than the density of aerial migrant vectors. This index retains a similar integral form, but evaluates crop exposure to BYDV as accumulated infectious aphid-days. A method is described whereby this function can be derived from irregular or infrequent aphid samples in the crop. Both methods, unlike Plumb's (1976) original concept, produced indices which were significantly related to subsequent virus infection and yield loss in winter barley at Long Ashton (S.W. England, UK), 1978–1986. The best models were obtained with the crop vector index, fitted to observed virus infection by generalised linear regression using a complementary log-log link function, or to observed yield loss by simple linear regression using a log transformation of yield (r = 0.84 in each case; compared with r-values > 0.65 for the aerial vector index, and > 0.35 for Plumb's (1976) index). However, the residual errors and hence confidence limits of these fitted regressions were too large for predicting damage that was significantly less than a reasonable economic damage threshold for BYDV control. Analyses of the separate components of each index showed a good general relationship between aphid infectivity and the severity of crop infection, confirming the epidemiological importance of this factor. The functional expressions of aphid density, however, were not significant. This evident weakness in the models, and alternative approaches to BYDV forecasting are discussed.  相似文献   
974.
975.
Abundance and distribution of cod Gadus morhua in various size intervals and age groups between 2000 and 2005 were followed in coastal trawl surveys. In spite of a reduction in fishing pressure in recent years and high cod recruitment in the Skagerrak region in 2001 and 2003, no recovery could be evidenced. The survey data clearly showed that low cod density areas were not recolonized, even though abundance of juvenile cod remained high for about a year after the recruitment episodes. Increased abundance of fish >400 mm total length was only discernible at some scattered locations where other studies also have suggested local populations still to be present. The intermittent high recruitment has been linked to an inflow of egg and larvae from the North Sea, a theory which also has gained support from genetic studies. It was thus argued that the disappearance of the juvenile cod from the inshore is an effect of a migratory behaviour; the fish of offshore origin eventually leave the coast for the open Skagerrak or the North Sea. These findings support a view on cod populations as essentially behavioural entities, whereas dispersal of early life stages may be less important as a structuring mechanism.  相似文献   
976.
977.
The interaction of a plasma in the accelerating gap of an open discharge with a strong external electric field and with the cathode surface has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. In a pulsed nanosecond discharge, the ion inertia and plasma screening of the electric field cause a fast growth of the electric field E in the cathode region and a decrease in the length of the latter. Along with a reduction of the electron multiplication factor at high electric fields, this leads to a substantial decrease in the ion flux toward the cathode, which allows one to develop highly efficient open-discharge light sources with a long lifetime and low cathode sputtering. In this respect, continuous and quasi-continuous discharges are less advantageous because of the smaller increase in the electric field in the cathode region. The Townsend coefficients of charge multiplication and electron emission at high electric fields typical of open discharges have been measured for the first time. Fast ions and atoms extracted from the plasma of the accelerating gap significantly affect the cathode emission properties. In particular, photoemission is enhanced by more than one order of magnitude and becomes the main mechanism for electron generation. This also increases the efficiency and lifetime of open-discharge light sources.  相似文献   
978.
979.
Metabolic and antiproliferative effects of methylglyoxal bis(butylamidinohydrazone) (MGBB) and methylglyoxal bis(cyclopentylamidinohydrazone) (MGBCP), inhibitors for polyamine biosynthetic pathway, on Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio cholerae were investigated. MGBB at the concentration of 100 mumol/l depleted intracellular putrescine and spermidine concentrations of E. coli to 25 and 20% of the controls, respectively, while MGBCP depressed their concentrations to 38 and 24%, respectively. In these polyamine-depleted E. coli cells the syntheses of RNA, DNA and protein decreased to 13, 54 and 29% of the control, respectively, with MGBB and to 23, 71 and 55%, respectively, with MGBCP. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of MGBB for the growth of A. sobria, E. coli, A. hydrophila, V. cholerae and Sh. sonnei were estimated to be 50, 160, 240, 285 and 320 mumol/l, respectively, whereas those of MGBCP were slightly higher for respective bacteria.  相似文献   
980.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号