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211.
陕西木本植物区系研究 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7
陕西省位于黄土高原、秦巴山地二个自然地理区域的交接地带,生长着相当丰富的木一植物种类,计有木本植物1260种,分别隶属于101科,324属。其中中国木本植物特有属27个,陕西土著特有种25个。本文在主要区系晟分分析的基础上,探讨了陕西木本植物区系的5个基本特征:1,种类丰富;2.历史起源古老;3.南北区系差异明显;4.陕西土著特有成分繁多;5.珍稀濒危植物聚集。 相似文献
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Marie Suzan-Monti Charles Kouanfack Sylvie Boyer Jér?me Blanche Renée-Cécile Bonono Eric Delaporte Patrizia M. Carrieri Jean-Paul Moatti Christian Laurent Bruno Spire Stratall ANRS -/ESTHER Study Group 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
This work aimed to analyze the rate of disclosure to relatives and friends over time and to identify factors affecting disclosure among seropositive adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural district hospitals in the context of decentralized, integrated HIV care and task-shifting to nurses in Cameroon. Stratall was a 24-month, randomized, open-label trial comparing the effectiveness of clinical monitoring alone with laboratory plus clinical monitoring on treatment outcomes. It enrolled 459 HIV-infected ART-naive adults in 9 rural district hospitals in Cameroon. Participants in both groups were sometimes visited by nurses instead of physicians. Patients with complete data both at enrolment (M0) and at least at one follow-up visit were included in the present analysis. A mixed Poisson regression was used to estimate predictors of the evolution of disclosure index over 24 months (M24).The study population included 385 patients, accounting for 1733 face-to-face interviews at follow-up visits from M0 to M24. The median [IQR] number of categories of relatives and friends to whom patients had disclosed was 2 [1]–[3] and 3 [2]–[5] at M0 and M24 (p-trend<0.001), respectively. After multiple adjustments, factors associated with disclosure to a higher number of categories of relatives and friends were as follows: having revealed one’s status to one’s main partner, time on ART, HIV diagnosis during hospitalization, knowledge on ART and positive ratio of follow-up nurse-led to physician-led visits measuring task-shifting. ART delivered in the context of decentralized, integrated HIV care including task-shifting was associated with increased HIV serological status disclosure. 相似文献
214.
目的:探讨胰岛素受体基因(INSR)的第8外显子NaiⅠ多态性与湖北汉族人群2型糖尿痛的相关性;方法:采用同胞对(家系内对照)和随机病例-对照两种实验设计,并结合聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)技术分析了224个样本的INSR基因第8外显子NsiⅠ多态性,并洲定了身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压和空腹血糖等生理指标;结果:两种实验设计中对照组与病例组的基因型和基因频率均无显著差异;结论:INSR基因在湖北汉族人群2型糖屎病的发生发展中可能不起主要作用。 相似文献
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尝试使用α-淀粉酶进行糖苷转移提取玉米中总黄酮,同时对α-淀粉酶的固定化进行研究。对α-淀粉酶固定化的研究表明:以壳聚糖为载体,用体积分数4%戊二醛进行交联,加酶量为3 g.L-1条件下可以获得最佳的固定化效果;与游离酶相比,其最适作用温度范围、pH值范围均比游离酶范围宽;固定化酶的热稳定性优于游离酶,且具有良好的操作稳定性。本试验使用游离酶法、固定化酶法提取玉米中总黄酮,得率分别为2.82%、2.46%。 相似文献
217.
灰褐谷蛾是灵芝等食用菌的主要害虫之一,严重影响其产量和质量。它不仅为害生产中正在生长的食用菌,即使贮存的生产成品,亦可被蛀食为害。该害虫在安徽六安年发生2代,以幼虫越冬。幼虫有群集钻蛀性。成虫盛发期喷洒80%敌敌畏乳油800~1000倍稀释液,可杀灭成虫;幼虫发生期喷洒敌敌畏薰杀幼虫效果可达95%以上。对贮存的生产成品,采用磷化铝熏蒸和50~60℃烘干杀虫效果均好。 相似文献
218.
Katja Kalan Tatjana Avšič-Županc Katarina Resman Rus Elena Bužan Darja Duh 《Biologia》2018,73(12):1277-1282
Autochthonous transmissions of mosquito-borne diseases were described in close proximity to Slovenia where the knowledge of mosquito species and the viruses they transmit remains very scarce. Therefore we aimed to assess the burden mosquitoes bring to the local community and to test mosquitoes for the presence of the selected zoonotic arboviruses, i. e. Dengue (DENV), West Nile (WNV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV). A pilot mosquito monitoring was conducted in 2012 within two municipalities based on adult mosquito trapping. Altogether 2007 adult mosquitoes were caught. Females of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens represented the majority of the total mosquito catch. In sites with more households and nearby greenery, catches of Ae. albopictus were more abundant. Highest numbers of Cx. pipiens females were caught close to a nature reserve, where many bird species stop during their migrations. Trapping results are consistent with both species’ feeding behaviour. Female mosquitoes were grouped into 58 pools according to species, location and date of catch. Real time RT-PCRs for WNV, DENV and CHIKV were performed, but no arboviral genomes were detected in any of the tested mosquito pools. However, amplicons were obtained in three pools when using generic RT-PCR markers for flaviviruses. The viruses detected were propagated and isolated in mosquito cell line C3/36 and identified with sequencing as mosquito-only flaviviruses (MOFs). The important contributions of this study are a successful first isolation of MOFs and confirmation of the presence of the invasive mosquito Ae. albopictus in Slovenia. 相似文献
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Peter H. Adler Tatiana Kúdelová Matú? Kúdela Gunther Seitz Aleksandra Ignjatovi?-?upina 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
The European black fly Simulium (Simulium) colombaschense (Scopoli), once responsible for as many as 22,000 livestock deaths per year, is chromosomally mapped, permitting its evolutionary relationships and pest drivers to be inferred. The species is 12 fixed inversions removed from the standard sequence of the subgenus Simulium. Three of these fixed inversions, 38 autosomal polymorphisms, and a complex set of 12 X and 6 Y chromosomes in 29 zygotic combinations uniquely characterize S. colombaschense and reveal 5 cytoforms: ‘A’ in the Danube watershed, ‘B’ in Italy’s Adige River, ‘C’ in the Aliakmonas River of Greece, ‘D’ in the Aoös drainage in Greece, and ‘E’ in the Belá River of Slovakia. ‘C’ and ‘D’ are reproductively isolated from one another, and ‘B’ is considered a cytotype of ‘A,’ the probable name bearer of colombaschense. The species status of ‘E’ cannot be determined without additional collections. Three derived polytene sequences, based on outgroup comparisons, place S. colombaschense in a clade of species composed of the S. jenningsi, S. malyschevi, and S. reptans species groups. Only cytoforms ‘A’ and ‘B’ are pests. Within the Simuliidae, pest status is reached through one of two principal pathways, both of which promote the production of large populations of blood-seeking flies: (1) colonization of the world’s largest rivers (habitat specialization) or (2) colonization of multiple habitat types (habitat generalization). Evolutionary acquisition of the ability to colonize large rivers by an ancestor of the S. jenningsi-malyschevi-reptans clade set the scene for the pest status of S. colombaschense and other big-river members of the clade. In an ironic twist, the macrogenome of S. colombaschense reveals that the name associated with history’s worst simuliid pest represents a complex of species, two or more of which are nonpests potentially vulnerable to loss of their limited habitat. 相似文献