中国闭壳龟属(Cuora)研究概况--兼评金头闭壳龟的保护

该文简略回顾了中国闭壳龟属动物的研究概况,包括系统学、化石、分子生物学、细胞遗传学、分布、生态、生物多样性、保护生物学等方面,还讨论了金头闭壳龟资源的保护。     

东方铃蟾与中华大蟾蜍肌组织钙激活ATP酶活性的比较研究

本文对东主铃蟾与中华大蟾蜍的心肌，腓肠肌和小肠平滑肌肌球蛋白钙激活ＡＴＰ酶活性进行了比较研究。实验结果表明东方铃蟾与中华大蟾无理蜍均显示出Ｃａ＋＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的组织特异性。此外，东方铃蟾的心肌和腓肠肌中的Ｃａ＋＋ＡＴＰ酶活性低于中华大蟾蜍中相组织的酸活性；而东方铃蟾的小肠平滑肌中Ｃａ＋＋ＡＴＰ酶活性却高于中华大蟾蜍小肠平滑肌中酶活性。上术Ｃａ＋＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的差异均具有一定的生理意义。     

桦褐孔菌酚类化合物及其免疫促进作用

Phenolic compounds from field-grown Inonotus obliquus sclerotia (Chaga) consist mainly of hispidin analogs and melanins, and are thought to be the active constituents to treat several human diseases. In submerged cultures of the fungus, however, no information is currently available on the production of phenolic compounds and their corresponding pharmacological functions. In this study, phenolic compounds from Chaga and submerged cultures of the fungus were assayed for their composition and immune-stimulating effects. Phenolic compounds produced by I. obliquus in submerged cultures mostly consist of flavonoids, together with small amounts of hispidin analogs and melanins. This is quite contrary to the situation in Chaga, where flavonoids are determined as trace elements. Furthermore, phenolic compounds from Chaga show capacity about two-fold higher than those produced in submerged cultures in inhibiting cyclophosphamide-induced reduction of bodyweight, spleen index and viability of peripheral lymphocytes in test mice. Thus less production of hispidin analogs and melanins is likely to be responsible for less immune-stimulating effects in phenolic compounds from submerged cultures, and additional factors should be imposed during submerged cultures of I. obliquus to regulate biosynthesis of phenolic compounds directed to the composition similar to Chaga.     

两种常见麻蜥的生态生物学比较及分析

丽斑麻蜥(Eremias argus)和山地麻蜥(Eremiasbrenchleyi)是我国长江以北数量较多、分布较广的常见小型蜥蜴类,在动物学教材中常作为爬行纲的代表动物。为便于教学和研究,现将这两种麻蜥的生态生物学特征比较如下。1 两种麻蜥的分布及形态全世界约有麻蜥50种,我国有9种,其中丽斑麻蜥和山地麻蜥是我国长江以北地区分布较广、数量较多的种类。关于两种麻蜥在我国的具体分布地点和形