Hp, Gc, ABO三个非连锁基因系统间双位点遗传平衡检验The Test of Double-locus Genetic Equilibrium were Carried out Between Three Unlinked gene System Hp, Gc and ABO

检测了1033例佳木斯地区汉族人群中Hp、Gc、ABO 3个基因系统的表型分布情况。当分别对这3个系统进行单位点遗传平衡检验时,均处于平衡状态。当在这3个基因系统间进行双位点遗传平衡检验时,则发现Hp-Gc双位点表型组合显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg期望值（P<0.025）。本文又从配子不平衡角度,检测了Hp-Gc双位点间的相关性,结果χ2=4.389, P<0.05, 表明Hp-Gc两个位点之间具有显著的相关性。     

inv(13)(p12;q14)一家系报道

先证者,女,汉族,２４岁,身高１．６１米,体重６０．１公斤。因连续生两胎畸形儿夭折就诊。第一胎为足月顺产,唇裂、腭裂、双足各为６趾,５０天时因呼吸道感染而死亡。第二胎,足月顺产,体征似第一胎,生下两天死亡。对先证者进行外周血染色体检查,计数５０个细胞...     

洪泽湖大型水生植物群落结构和时空格局的GIS模拟

2010—2011年对洪泽湖大型水生植物进行了4个季度全面的调查和研究, 共发现大型水生植物8科12种, 其中沉水植物9种, 挺水植物1种, 浮叶植物2种。马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)、微齿眼子菜(P. maackianu)、篦齿眼子菜(P. pectinatus)和菹草(P. crispus)为全年优势度较高的水生植物, 但4个季节大型水生植物的优势种类组成差异明显。秋季的水草生物量最高, 其次为夏季和冬季, 春季最低。结合GPS (Global Position System)和GIS (Geographic Information System), 利用GIS的Kring插值法对洪泽湖大型水生植物总生物量及主要优势物种的时空分布进行了可视化模拟。结果发现洪泽湖现阶段大型水生植物分布区域主要集中在湖区北部水质较好、透明度较高且相对封闭的成子湖区。文章也分析了洪泽湖大型水生植物变迁的潜在影响因子, 为水生植物保护和生态系统健康提供了基础依据。     

浅水湖泊人工繁育鳜放养规格对其成活、生长和产量的影响

文章采用标志放流回捕方法评估了人工繁育鳜放流规格对其成活、生长和产量的影响。2012年5—6月选取3种不同大小规格的人工繁育鳜鱼苗各800尾, 中等规格鳜苗种和大规格鳜苗种分别采用剪尾鳍和编码金属标标记后放入试验湖泊小赛湖, 2012年12月试验湖泊逐渐降低水位, 回捕收集放流鳜并鉴定身份。结果显示3种规格放流鳜的总成活率为40.5%, 其中大规格放流鳜的成活率为63%, 明显高于中规格放流鳜(39.1%)和小规格放流鳜(19.5%)。放流鳜的终末体长和体重均随放流规格的增加而增加, 且3种规格放流鳜的终末体长和体重均呈现显著差异。放流鳜的产量和净收益在大规格处理组最大, 在小规格处理组最小。结果表明鳜放流规格对鳜放流成功与否有重要影响, 建议长江中游湖泊鳜的最佳放流规格应不小于50 mm。     

浅水湖泊四种渔具捕捞选择性及对鱼类群落影响比较研究

了解不同种类和大小的鱼类对各种捕捞方式的脆弱性, 对于制定最佳的捕捞策略和合理开发鱼类资源至关重要。研究从渔获物组成、捕捞效率和个体大小等方面, 对长江中游典型湖泊牛山湖的四种渔具(网簖、刺网、电捕和鸬鹚)的捕捞选择性进行了比较分析。使用相对重要性指数(IRI)评价渔具捕捞对鱼类物种的选择性, 同时通过计算渔获物的平均营养水平(MTL)和饵料鱼与凶猛性鱼类的重量比, 分析捕捞对鱼类群落营养结构的潜在影响。结果表明, 网簖和电捕捕获的鱼类种数多、体长范围广, 对鱼类资源的破坏性最大, 应当加以限制或废除; 鸬鹚是捕获鳜(尤其是高龄鳜)的一种有效方式, 但对幼鳜和其他幼鱼也有较大损害, 应控制其捕捞强度; 刺网主要捕获几种经济鱼类, 并可平衡捕食者和饵料鱼之间数量关系, 是利用鱼类资源的一种较好方式, 关键在于对刺网网目大小和捕捞强度的限制。建议湖泊捕捞应从单一物种转向多物种综合管理, 并考虑物种之间的营养生态关系, 以更好地保护和可持续利用渔业资源。     

浅水湖泊鱼类群落结构评估: 复合网目刺网与网簖的比较

准确评估鱼类群落结构是渔业管理和鱼类资源养护的必要前提, 而不同渔具采样结果往往会产生较大差异。研究同时采用欧洲标准采样网具-复合网目刺网(Multi-mesh gillnet)和中国传统网具-网簖对长江中游典型浅水湖泊扁担塘的鱼类群落结构进行了评估。2种网具共采集到27种鱼类, 并发现黄尾鲴(Xenocypris daviai)和湖鲚(Coilia nasus taihuensis)2种新记录种, 扁担塘的鱼类群落结构较1999年和2003年均发生了较明显的改变。2种渔具捕获的鱼类组成、相对丰度和生物量以及鱼类体长分布频率均存在显著性差异。基于鱼类的相对生物量和相对丰度的NMDS排序表明2种网具捕获到的鱼类群落结构也存在显著差异。另外还比较了复合网目刺网与其他定量采样网具间的差异, 作者认为复合网目刺网比较适合长江中下游浅水湖泊鱼类群落研究的定量取样, 但仅凭单一网具评估鱼类群落结构具有局限性。     

Localization of the Antennapedia protein in Drosophila embryos and imaginal discs

Antibodies have been raised against a fusion protein containing the 3' region of the coding sequence of the Antennapedia (Antp) gene fused to β-galactosidase. The distribution of the protein on whole mount embryos and imaginal discs of third instar larvae was examined by immunofluorescence. In young embryos, expression of the Antp protein was limited to the thoracic segments in the epidermis, whereas it was found in all neuromeres of head, thorax and abdomen. At the end of embryogenesis, the Antp protein mainly accumulated in the ventral nervous system in certain parts of the thoracic neuromeres, from posterior T1 to anterior T3, with a gap in posterior T2. Comparison of Antp protein distribution in nervous systems from wild-type and Df P9 embryos, lacking the genes of the Bithorax-complex (BX-C), revealed a pattern of expression which indicated that the BX-C represses Antp in the posterior segments with the exception of the last abdominal neuromeres (A8-9) which are regulated independently. The protein pattern in nervous systems from Sex combs reduced(Scr^xF9) mutant embryos was indistinguishable from that found in wild-type embryos; thus, neurogenic expression of Antp in T1 and the more anterior segments does not appear to be under the control of Scr⁺. All imaginal discs derived from the three thoracic segments express Antp protein. The distribution was distinct in each disc; strongest expression was observed in the proximal parts of the discs. In the leg discs the protein distribution seemed to be compartmentally restricted, whereas in the wing disc this was not the case. Antp protein was not detected in the eye-antennal disc. In embryos, as well as in imaginal discs, the protein is localized in the nucleus.     

Electron transport in Paracoccus halodenitrificans and the role of ubiquinone

The membrane-bound NADH oxidase of Paracoccus halodenitrificans was inhibited by dicoumarol, 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxy-quinoline-N-oxide (HQNO), and exposure to ultraviolet light (at 366 nm). When the membranes were extracted with n-pentane, NADH oxidase activity was lost. Partial restoration was achieved by adding the ubiquinone fraction extracted from the membranes. Succinate oxidation was not inhibited by dicoumarol or HQNO, but was affected by ultraviolet irradiation or n-pentane extraction. However, the addition of the ubiquinone fraction to the membranes extracted with n-pentane did not restore enzyme activity. These observations suggested that NADH and succinate were not oxidized through a common ubiquinone pool.