Frankia sp．Asll和EaI827菌株的固氮研究

由辽东桤木和沙枣的根瘤中分离出两株内生菌(Frankia sp.),分别编号为Asll和EaI827。可在丙酸作碳源的限定培养基中诱导出泡囊,并表现较高固氮活性。不同浓度的NHt和水解酪蛋白对菌体的生长有促进作用,而对固氮活性却表现出明显的抑制作用。当氧分压为5％时,Asll菌株固氮活性较高,而F~1827菌株最适氧分压为1％。Asll菌株的固氮周期为8一11天,Eai827菌株在11一14天表现出较高的固氮活性。     

自沼气池中分离的一株甲烷利用菌

自沼气池中分离到一株甲烷利用菌,其主要生理特性是利用甲烷或甲醇作碳源和能源,生活史中具有休眠体,形成固氮菌型的孢囊,在利用甲烷的生长中不被乙酸盐、苹果酸、琥珀酸盐抑制,应是甲基杆菌属(Methylobacter)中的一新种,定名为淡橙黄色甲烷氧化杆菌(Mcthylo-batter luteolo-croceus sp. Nov.)。     

果胶酶CP-85211菌株的选育及其液体发酵条件的研究

黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger) CP-831经0.03％亚硝基呱在40℃处理30分钟,获得一株高产果胶酶突变株CP-85211。该突变株发酵滤液,当以果胶为底物时,酶活力为308u／m’;当以多聚半乳糖醛酸为底物时,酶活力为842u／ml。产酶活力水平约为出发菌种的5倍。产酶最适培养基组成为：8％麦麸,2％桔皮粉和2％硫酸铵。最适培养条件为：起始pH 3．5,如℃,72小时。     

云南若干地区土壤放线菌区系及资源考察III．西双版纳地区土壤放线菌区系及资源考察

从云南省西双版纳地区的勐腊和勐仑两个自然保护区(以下简称“样区”)及附近的次生林、荒地、旱地、水田采集100份土样,进行放线菌分离和鉴定。并对这两个样区土壤放线菌的区系分布作了比较。勐腊样区的放线菌数量较少而区系组成略为复杂,分离到12个属。仑样区分离到11个属。两个样区均分离到大量糖多孢菌。     

Characterization of root agravitropism induced by genetic, chemical, and developmental constraints

The patterns and rates of organelle redistribution in columella (i.e., putative statocyte) cells of agravitropic agt mutants of Zea mays are not significantly different from those of columella cells in graviresponsive roots. Graviresponsive roots of Z. mays are characterized by a strongly polar movement of 45Ca2+ across the root tip from the upper to the lower side. Horizontally-oriented roots of agt mutants exhibit only a minimal polar transport of 45Ca2+. Exogenously-induced asymmetries of Ca result in curvature of agt roots toward the Ca source. A similar curvature can be induced by a Ca asymmetry in normally nongraviresponsive (i.e., lateral) roots of Phaseolus vulgaris. Similarly, root curvature can be induced by placing the roots perpendicular to an electric field. This electrotropism increased with 1) currents between 8-35 mA, and 2) time between 1-9 hr when the current is constant. Electrotropism is reduced significantly by treating roots with triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), an inhibitor of auxin transport. These results suggest that 1) if graviperception occurs via the sedimentation of amyloplasts in columella cells, then nongraviresponsive roots apparently sense gravity as do graviresponsive roots, 2) exogenously-induced asymmetries of a gravitropic effector (i.e., Ca) can induce curvature of normally nongraviresponsive roots, 3) the gravity-induced downward movement of exogenously-applied 45Ca2+ across tips of graviresponsive roots does not occur in nongraviresponsive roots, 4) placing roots in an electrical field (i.e., one favoring the movement of ions such as Ca2+) induces root curvature, and 5) electrically-induced curvature is apparently dependent on auxin transport. These results are discussed relative to a model to account for the lack of graviresponsiveness by these roots.     

兔栓尾线虫成虫体表结构的扫描电镜观察

本虫最初由Rudolphi在1819年定名为Oxyurts ambigua,随后由Dujardin于1845年修订为Pa ssalurus ambiguus。本虫种在光镜下的形态已有描述,但迄今尚无电子显微镜观察报道。本文报告兔拴尾线虫成虫在扫描电子显徽镜下的体表徽细结构。     

Influence of microgravity on cellular differentiation in root caps of Zea mays

We launched imbibed seeds of Zea mays into outer space aboard the space shuttle Columbia to determine the influence of microgravity on cellular differentiation in root caps. The influence of microgravity varied with different stages of cellular differentiation. Overall, microgravity tended to 1) increase relative volumes of hyaloplasm and lipid bodies, 2) decrease the relative volumes of plastids, mitochondria, dictyosomes, and the vacuome, and 3) exert no influence on the relative volume of nuclei in cells comprising the root cap. The reduced allocation of dictyosomal volume in peripheral cells of flight-grown seedlings correlated positively with their secretion of significantly less mucilage than peripheral cells of Earth-grown seedlings. These results indicate that 1) microgravity alters the patterns of cellular differentiation and structures of all cell types comprising the root cap, and 2) the influence of microgravity on cellular differentiation in root caps of Zea mays is organelle specific.     

用气-液相色谱仪测定细胞分裂素

我们实验室曾用生物鉴定法和高效液相色谱测定细胞分裂素类物质。前者不能辨出细胞分裂素的各成分,测得的只是总活性。后者虽能快速测定细胞分裂素的各成分,但对样品的纯化程度要求较高,都有一定局限性;气相色谱仪则对样品纯化程度要求相对较低,并能准确、快速地测定细胞分裂