NIDDM病人空腹血糖遗传度分析

应用数量性状遗传度估计方法(相关回归法), 对50户NIDDM病例核心家庭成员空腹血糖的遗传度进行估计,以探讨遗传和环境因素对血糖这一数量性状的决定作用。结果表明,经年龄和环境因素校正血糖后,用子女对中亲回归估计的空腹血糖遗传度为0.35768±0.2024, 说明遗传因素虽起一定作用,但环境因素的作用更不容忽视,即支持NIDDM为多因子遗传病。空腹血糖的遗传未显示母体效应。 Abstract:The heritabiligy of fasting glucose was estimated on the members of 50 core families by using the method of correlation and regression of quantitative character heritability so as to research the role of genetic and environmental factors in NIDDM.The result showed that the heritability of glucose,adjusted by age and environmental factors,of the offspring on mid-parent was 0.35768±0.2024.This suggested that in NIDDM genetic factors play a role to some extent,but the influence of environmental factors is more significant,i.e. NIDDM being considered as a multifactorial disease.The genetics of fasting glucose did not show the maternal effects.     

一种检测转基因植物细胞中β-葡萄糖苷酸酶(GUS)活性的实用方法

APracticalMethodforDetectionofGUSActivityinTransgenicPlantCellsYinZhongchaoXuYaoYangFanLiBaojian(BiotechnolgyResearchCenter,ZhongshanUniversity,Guangzhou510275)β－葡萄糖苦酸酶（GUS）基因是近年来在植物基因工程研究中应用得最为广泛的报告基因之一’‘’．其产物GUS活性的检测有多种方法,其中最常用的是组织化学染色法和荣光分析法．但前者为定性检测而且如操作不慎很容易产生假阳性,而后者虽可精确定量测定仅需要相应的配套仪器。我们采用的这种方法是首先将植物细胞粗提蛋白在非变性聚丙烯酚胺凝胶中进行…     

P~（53） PROTEIN OVEREXPRESSION IN PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA：IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL OBSERVATION

Ｐ~（５３）　ＰＲＯＴＥＩＮ　ＯＶＥＲＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮ　ＩＮ　ＰＲＥＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴ　ＡＮＤ　ＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴ　ＬＥＳＩＯＮＳ　ＯＦ　ＯＲＡＬ　ＭＵＣＯＳＡ：ＩＭＭＵＮＯＨＩＳＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ　ＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＰ~（５３）ＰＲＯＴＥＩ...     

蛋鸡品系RAPD变异及其与杂种优势关系的分析

为探讨RAPD标记在家鸡杂种优势预测中的应用价值, 分析了力康白壳蛋鸡纯系的RAPD变异及其与杂种优势的关系。5个纯系内和系间显示出低水平的变异。根据品系间遗传距离DS用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,品系a、e、d聚为一类, 而h、l聚为另一类。简单线性相关分析表明,父系相似系数与F1代的60周龄产蛋数存在正相关而与蛋重的杂种优势率存在负相关;母系相似系数与产蛋数的杂种优势率存在高度负相关。但品系间遗传距离与各性状及其杂种优势率之间没有显著的相关关系。 Abstract　To assess the value of RAPD markers for the prediction of heterosis in chicken, analyses of data from a crossbreeding experiment and RAPD assays of 5 Leghorn white shell lines (a, d, e, h, l) were conducted. The RAPD showed a low level of variability within and among 5 lines. The dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA based on inter-line genetic distance (DS), which indicted that 5 lines were clustered into two groups: one consisting of line a, e, d, and the other line h, l. The above results were consistent with the pedigree information of the pure lines. By using linear correlation, it was shown that similarity coeffcient within paternal line was positively correlated with 60-week egg number and negatively correlated with the heterosis for egg weight, and that similarity index within maternal line was highly negatively correlated with the heterosis for egg number. However, no significant correlations between genetic distance and traits or their heterosis were found.     

奶牛和肉牛6个STR基因座遗传多态性研究The Polymorphism Distributions of Six STR Loci in Dairy Cattle and Beef Cattle

利用PCR技术和复合电泳银染技术检测奶牛和肉牛BM2113、BM1862、BMc701、BM2934、TGLA122、BM720等6个STR基因座的多态性分布，并计算该6个基因座的基因频率（Pi）、个体鉴别力（DP）、杂合度（H）、多态信息含量（PIC）、和非父排除概率（PE）。结果显示：6个STR基因座的基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡，奶牛中6个STR基因座中BM2113 基因座的DP、H和PIC最高，TGLA122基因座的PE最高。 6个STR基因座的累积个体鉴别力 （CDP）为 0.99997 ，累积非父排除能力（CPE）为 0.98827 。肉牛中6个STR基因座中BM1862 基因座的DP、H、PIC、PE都是最高，6个STR基因座的累积个体鉴别力（CDP）为 0.99999，累积非父排除能力（CPE）为 0.99578 。结果表明，6个STR基因座可用于牛的遗传连锁分析、个体识别和亲子鉴定等研究领域。Abstract：The polymorphism distributions of six STR loci，BM2113，BM1862，BMc701，BM2934，TGLA122，and BM720 were detected in cattle by Polymerase Chain Reaction and multiplex gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. Gene frequency (Pi)，power of discrimination (DP), heterozygosity (H), polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of paternity exclusion (PE) were calculated．All loci obey Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. DP, H and PIC of BM2113 locus, and PE of TGLA122 locus are the biggest among six STR loci in Holstein Friesian. Cumulate DP of six STR loci is 0.99997, Cumulate PE of six STR loci is 0.98827. DP, H, PIC and PE of BM1862 loci are the biggest among six STR loci in beef. Cumulate DP of six STR loci is 0.99999, Cumulate PE of six STR loci is 0.99578. These results showed that the six STR loci could be used as linkage analysis, individual identification and paternity test in cattle.     

Research of blastocyte-like structure in chicken

Embryonic stem (ES) cells known to be one of the most brilliant stars enlightening the biology science are a major tool to investigate embryonic development and differentiation, functional genomics and applied in medicine territory for cellular therapy. Even though some scientists have already established cultural sys-tems for selection and maintenance of putative avian ES cells, the study on them still drops behind the mammalian and proceeds slowly. The avian ES cells can be used to produce…     

A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton （Urodela： Salamandridae） from Northeastern Hunan Province,China

We describe a new species from the family Salamandridae from northeastern Hunan Province of China based on morphological and molecular genetic evidences.The new species,Tylototriton liuyangensis,is a member of the T.asperrimus group,and shares a number of similarities with T.wenxianensis and T.broadoridgus.The dorsal surface of the new Tylototriton species is completely black,with nodule-like warts distributed evenly along the lateral margin of dorsal body,and there is no transverse striae between the warts.There are several diagnostic characters of the new species that differ from those of T.wenxianensis and T.broadoridgus as follows：（1）the interorbital space（IOS）is comparatively wide;（2）there is a bony ridge present on the dorsal head surface,running along the upper eyelids;（3）the space between axilla and groin（AGS）is comparatively large,with the mean male AGS approximately equal to 50%of the snout-vent length（SVL）and the mean female AGS being 53%of SVL;and（4）there is a small genital armature on the anterior angle of labial folds present inside the anal fissure of adult males during the breeding season.The result from the molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Tylototriton（including the type specimen of the new species）based on the complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial ND2 gene（1035 bp）indicated that the new species was similar to T.wenxianensis,T.dabienicus,and T.broadoridgus,but formed an independent clade.This result was consistent with the morphological analysis above,supporting that the Liuyang Population represented a distinct species.     

遗传参数不同估计方法的比较

利用模拟方法比较了5种方差组分估计方法(ANOVA,Henderson-Ⅲ,MLMT,R EMLMT和MIVQUE)对遗传参数的估计效果。结果表明:REMLMT法在各种情况下均能得到较好的参数估值,估计的准确度相对较高;ANOVA方法在小群体和不均衡资料情况下估计效果最差。同时,群体含量和结构能影响各种方法的估计效果, 群体含量较小或资料来源的公畜数太少,将导致遗传参数的估计误差增大,准确性降低。 Abstract:Five methods for estimating components of (Co) variance,including ANOVA,Henderson-III,MLMT,REMLMT and MIVQUE were compared using computer simulation.The results showed that REMLMT could obtain more accurate estimates for all data sets,while the estimates obtained by ANOVA always had greater deviations from the true values,especial for small and well-unbalanced data sets.Also,the effects of estimation were dependent on structure of population size,accuracy of estimates would be decreased when number of sires was too few or data contained small number of animals.     

乌羊和小香羊的RAPD分析

用40条多态引物对乌羊、小香羊、南江黄羊、黑山羊、川东白山羊、波尔山羊和马头山羊7个品种（或群体）进行RAPD分析,其中28条引物扩增出多态性普带,并用于进一步对12只乌羊个体和12只小香羊个体基因组进行扩增。扩增产物以1．5％琼脂糖凝胶（含0．5μg/ml溴化乙锭）电泳分离。Nei氏计算品种间的遗传距离指数和品种内的遗传相似指数。NJ法构建系统聚类图。结果表明：乌羊和川东白山羊间的遗传距离最小,亲缘关系较近,而小香羊与品种间的遗传距离都较大,亲缘关系较远。乌羊群体及小香羊品种都具有一定的遗传稳定性。