白喉乌头及其炮制品生物碱成分变化与细胞毒性研究

摘要 目的：比较白喉乌头生品、炮制品生物碱成分的含量变化及其细胞毒性。方法：将白喉乌头生品及哈萨克法炮制品（以下简称"炮制品"）采用高效液相色谱法（High Performance Liquid Chromatography，HPLC）分析比较，测定炮制前后各提取液生物碱成分的变化；用MTT比色法分析比较不同浓度白喉乌头生品及炮制品提取液的细胞毒性。结果：白喉乌头经炮制，乌头碱及次乌头碱峰面积显著减少，降低率分别为 45.1 %和 74.5 %；去乙酰高乌甲素峰面积明显升高，升高率为62.2 %；高乌甲素、冉乌头碱及去乙酰冉乌头碱峰面积基本不变；同时，有新的色谱峰产生，说明经炮制有新成分产生；白喉乌头生品及炮制品提取液浓度分别为在5000、2500、1250、625、312.5 μg/mL 给药48 h，与白喉乌头生品提取液相比，其炮制品提取液细胞抑制率明显降低（P＜0.05），白喉乌头生品及炮制品的IC50分别是1826.70 μg/mL、3192.48 μg/mL。结论：白喉乌头经炮制，主要成分的色谱峰面积发生了变化，同时有新色谱峰产生，其毒性成分乌头碱、次乌头碱峰面积明显减少，说明乌头碱、次乌头碱含量减少，通过 MTT 比色法检测细胞毒性，证明其达到减毒目的。     

对水利工程概算的探讨及对策分析

伴随着我国的市场经济的快速发展，我国水利工程建设水平也得到了相应的发展和进步。然而，在水利工程概算的问题上，仍然存在很多不尽如人意的弊端。针对近年来我国水利工程概算超支的现象进行调查走访和逻辑分析，发现相应的问题产生源头，针对具体问题作出具体分析，提出相应的解决措施，力争对我国水利水电工程概算提供有力的理论借鉴，促进我国国民经济的稳步发展。     

Quantitative Progress Evaluation of Post-stroke Patients Using a Novel Bimanual Cable-driven Robot

Rehabilitation is the most effective way to reduce motor impairments in post-stroke patients.This process demands several hours with a specialized therapist.Given resources and personnel shortages,the literature reports a high interest in robotic assisted rehabilitation solutions.Recently,cable-driven robotic architectures are attracting significant research interest for post-stroke rehabilitation.However,the existing cable-driven robots are mostly unilateral devices allowing the rehabilitation only of the most affected limb.This leaves unaddressed the rehabilitation of bimanual activities,which are predominant within the common Activities of Daily Living(ADL).Thus,this paper presents a specific novel design to achieve bimanual rehabilitation tasks that has been named as BiCAR robot.Specifically,this paper provides a full insight on the BiCAR sys-tem as well as on its dedicated developed software BiEval.In particular,BiEval software has been developed as based on a serious game strategy and a virtual reality environment to track the patient exercising duration,motion ranges,speeds,and forces over time for achieving a quantitative assessment of the rehabilitation progress.Finally,the paper presents the BiCAR/BiEval capabilities by referring to a pilot Randomized Controlled Trial(RCT).The clinical trials have been used to validate the BiCAR/BiEval in terms of engineering feasibility and user acceptance to achieve an innovative cost-oriented integrated hardware/software device for the bimanual assistive rehabilitation of post-stroke patients.     

猕猴在自由或限制条件下的视觉或听觉分辨学习

本工作观察了猕猴在自由或限制条件下学习视觉或听觉分辨的规律。在WGTA内动物对颜色分辨学习有很大的个体差异,主要表现为学习初期正确反应率在机率水平波动的持续时间的不同。猴在WGTA内完成亮暗、物体及图形分辨学习,以及在限制椅上完成颜色分辨学习也有类似情况。从同一只猴在WGTA内进行不同的视觉分辨任务的学习所得的结果表明,物体分辨和亮暗分辨学习比之颜色分辨学习要容易些,图形分辨学习则相对地比较困难。猴在限制椅上学习颜色分辨比在WGTA内需要更多的测试数。动物在限制椅上学习纯音音调分辨似乎更为困难。这些结果对神经精神药理学、心理生理学以及神经生理学研究中选择合适的动物实验模型有一定的参考价值。     

Role of PRMTs in cancer: Could minor isoforms be leaving a mark?

Protein arginine methyltransferases(PRMTs) catalyze the methylation of a variety of protein substrates, many of which have been linked to the development, progression and aggressiveness of different types of cancer. Moreover, aberrant expression of PRMTs has been observed in several cancer types. While the link between PRMTs and cancer is a relatively new area of interest, the functional implications documented thus far warrant further investigations into its therapeutic potential. However, the expression of these enzymes and the regulation of their activity in cancer are still significantly understudied. Currently there are nine main members of the PRMT family. Further, the existence of alternatively spliced isoforms for several of these family members provides an additional layer of complexity. Specifically, PRMT1, PRMT2, CARM1 and PRMT7 have been shown to have alternative isoforms and others may be currently unrealized. Our knowledge with respect to the relative expression and the specific functions of these isoforms is largely lacking and needs attention. Here we present a review of the current knowledge of theknown alternative PRMT isoforms and provide a rationale for how they may impact on cancer and represent potentially useful targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.     

中国鸡皮衣属和泡鳞衣属地衣2个新记录种

报道了采自中国西北部新疆博格达山区哈熊沟森林公园的鸡皮衣属和泡鳞衣属地衣的2个中国新记录种,即南方鸡皮衣(Pertusaria australis Vian)和北极泡鳞衣(Toninia arctica Timdal),并描述了二者的形态学、解剖学以及化学成分特征,提供了其形态特征和内部解剖结构照片.标本保存于新疆大学...     

Quantitative genetic analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in maize in the field environments

Chlorophyll fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence("P" step) throughout two intermediate steps("J" and "I")(JIP‐test) is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP‐test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci(QTL) analysis for nine JIP‐test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP‐test parameters were analyzed in the intermated B73 Mo17(IBM) maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP‐test parameters, of which five were co‐localized when combinedover the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthesis under different field scenarios.     

重症肺炎患者支气管肺泡灌洗液菌群特征及其与病情和免疫因子水平的相关性

目的 对重症肺炎患者支气管肺泡灌洗液菌群特征及其与病情、免疫因子水平的相关性进行分析，为临床进一步干预提供理论依据。方法 将2020年1月至2022年12月我院收治的76例重症肺炎患者（观察组）纳入研究，并选取同期收治的81例普通肺炎患者作为对照组，比较两组患者的一般临床资料、免疫因子水平、病情严重程度及支气管肺泡灌洗液菌群分布差异，并对患者支气管肺泡灌洗液菌群分布特征与病情及免疫因子水平的相关性进行分析。结果 两组患者性别、年龄等一般临床资料比较差异均无统计学意义（均P> 0.05）；观察组患者CRP、 IL-6、 IL-8、 PCT及APACHEⅡ水平均显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）;PCoA分析显示两组患者支气管肺泡灌洗液菌群在PC2轴上均为负向，约有8.41%群落构成差异，在PC1轴上均为正向，约有27.12%群落构成差异；LEfSe分析显示，在属水平上，观察组患者葡萄球菌属、克雷伯菌属、不动杆菌属及埃希菌属等丰度升高，而双歧杆菌科、普氏菌属及乳杆菌属等丰度降低；Chao1指数、Ace指数及Shannon指数与CRP、IL-6、IL-8、PCT及APACHEⅡ水平...     

First Serological Evidence on Endemicity of HEV Infection in Wild Boar(Sus scrofa) Populations from Portugal

正Dear Editor,Increasing number of hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection has been described in industrialized countries,with infection occurring as a sporadic disease,usually associated with travel to endemic regions or small outbreaks due to ingestion of contaminated food or water.More recently some cases were found to be associated with zoonotic