浓缩苹果汁生产过程中脂环酸芽孢杆菌的分离及初步鉴定

本文对浓缩苹果汁生产过程中的嗜酸耐热菌进行了分离,得到45株纯的嗜酸耐热芽孢杆菌。根据脂环酸芽孢杆菌(Alicyclobacillus)嗜酸的特点,用LB平板进行筛选,结果表明所有的菌株都嗜酸。用抗热性试验研究了这些菌株产生芽孢的培养时间,结果表明,所有考察的菌株中,33株与DSM3922的生长周期一致,48h内产生芽孢;3株菌生长速度较快,培养17h就能产生芽孢;还有3株菌生长速度较慢,需培养48h后才能产生芽孢。在采用16S rDNA PCR-RFLP法对筛选得到的脂环酸芽孢杆菌进行快速鉴定的基础上,选取7株可能是新种的未知菌株与5株已知的参比菌株的19个表型特征进行了试验研究和聚类分析,结果进一步证实了这7株菌都是与已知参比菌株不同的菌株。     

蔷薇科一些植物鲜叶提取物清除DPPH自由基活性的研究

用二苯基苦基苯肼自由基酶标仪法, 对亚热带蔷薇科常见的50种木本植物鲜叶的自由基清除活性进行了比较,发现不同属、不同种树木鲜叶的80%甲醇提取物的自由基清除活性有很大差异, 其中苹果属5种植物在相当于鲜叶浓度为0.5 mg/mL于37℃下孵育20 min时, 对0.5 mmol.L-1 DPPH自由基平均清除率达62.4%,而绣线菊属3种植物的平均自由基清除率仅11.6%。尖嘴林檎、棣棠、木瓜、三叶海棠、湖北海棠、木香花、小果蔷薇和黄山花楸等鲜叶有较强的自由基清除活性,它们在浓度为0.5 mg/mL时的自由基清除率分别可达85.0%、75.8%、70.7%、69.6%、64.5%、62.5%、61.8%和61.3%,显示其有较大的开发潜力。     

Single amino-acid substitution in the N-terminal arm altered the tetramer stability of rat muscle lactate dehydrogenase A

Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is a well-characterized tetrameric enzyme. Its N-terminal arm, comprised of an α-helix and a p-strand, was suggested to be essential for subunit interactions. To examine the critical amino acid residues in the N-terminus involved in the subunit association, two single-point mutants, Leu3Pro (L3P) and IIe8GIu (I8E), have been constructed. We compared the stability of WT-LDHA (WT) and its variants by unfolding experiments. For WT, a dimeric but inactive intermediate was observed by size-exclusion chromatography at 0.6-0.8 mol/L GdmCI. Leu3Pro exists in an active tetrameric structure in aqueous solution as WT does, but it dissociates into dimers under lower concentration of GdmCI (0.2 mol/L). In aqueous solution, the lle8GIu variant exists predominantly in the dimeric form with increased KM and decreased kcat as compared with those of WT and L3P. However, the activity of lle8GIu increases significantly in the presence of sodium sulfate. In conclusion, two mutants are less sta     

失血性休克引起大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌依钙K~ 通道活动改变

在由股动脉放血制备的失血性休克大鼠模型急性分离的肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞上 ,利用膜片箝单通道记录技术观察了血管平滑肌依钙K 通道 (BKCa)的活动。发现在对去甲肾上腺素 (NE)反应性增高的休克代偿期 ,BKCa的开放概率 (Po)和单位电导都显著较正常动物的低 ,Po 的改变主要是由通道的慢关闭时间常数 (τcs)增大引起关闭时间延长所致 ;而处于对NE反应性降低的休克失代偿期 ,BKCa的Po 和单位电导都高于正常动物 ,Po的变化也主要是τcs减小所致。     

胰岛素的发现与研究

在很早以前人类对糖尿病就有认识,约在二千年前,我国古代医学文献《内经》上就记载了“消渴”的症状;“多饮而渴不止为上消,多食而饥不止为中消,多溲而膏浊不止为下消。”而对于胰腺的内分泌功能,则是从1889年Minkowsky及Von Mering将胰腺全部切除而造成糖尿病,才开始明了。为了证明糖尿病起源于胰的内分泌缺乏,这两位学者还进行了先将胰腺割下,而后又将其移至腹部皮下,使它继续生存,这样它的内分泌物可以通过血循继续供给本体需要,这狗果然无明显尿糖出现;再进一步切开皮肤,将移植的胰腺取出,术后很快发生严重的糖尿病。实际上早在1869年德国的P.Langerhans就发现了胰腺内除了有很多的腺泡以外,在显微镜下还见到既没有泡腔,又没有分泌管的一群群岛状的细胞群,命名这种胰岛细胞为朗罕氏细胞(Langerhans Cells),1891     

粗皮松萝群体分化性状的研究

本文对于长白山南坡高山半寒漠植被中大面积匍匐生长在地表的粗皮松萝群体从形态学、生态学、化学及分类学方面进行了初步研究。在分类学上将这一地生群体命名为匍匐变种；在种群落结构方面进行了样方调查；从生物系统学角度进行了初步分析。     

Characterization of changes in land cover and carbon storage in Northeastern China: An analysis based on Landsat TM data

We use Landsat TM time series data for the years of 1991/1992, 1995/1996 and 1999/2000 to characterize land-cover change in northeast China. With the information on land-cover change and the density of vegetation and soil carbon, we assess the potential effect of land-cover change on vegetation and soil carbon in this region. Our results show a large decrease of 2.76(104km2 in forest area and a rapid increase of 2.32(104km2 in urban area. Land-cover changes in northeast China have resulted in a potential maximum loss of 273.2 Tg C for the period of 1991-2000, with a net loss of 95.7 Tg C in vegetation and 177.5Tg C in soil. . The conversion of forests into other land-cover types could have potentially resulted in a loss of 254.6 Tg C for the study period, accounting for 68.8% of the total potential carbon loss in the northeast China. To quantify the net effect of land-cover change on carbon storage will require accounting for vegetation regrowth and soil processes. Our results also imply that forest protectionand reforestation are of critical importance to carbon sequestration in China.     

神经原电生理学的一般问题

近十年来,电生理学最重要的成就之一,就是发现了一些方法,可以用来直接研究在单个神经原内所进行着的各种过程。这样,就有可能精确地分析在神经系统活动过程中所表现出来的各种电学现象,揭露在细胞内形成这些电学现象的物     

Preparation and epitope characterization of monoclonal antibodies against firefly luciferase

The 6-His tagged firefly luciferase was highly expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography and gel filtration. After immunizing Balb/c mice with the antigen, 6 hybridomas clones were found to secrete monoelonal antibodies (mAbs) and the mAbs were also purified separately. The competitive binding experiments show that 2 mAbs can bind heat-denatured antigen or its proteolytic fragments but not the native lueiferase, suggesting that their epitopes might be accommodated in the internal segments of the protein. On the other hand, the other 4 mAbs are capable of binding both native and denatured antigens. It infers that their epitopes locate in the segments on the protein surface. The results also suggest that the six mAbs are all sequence-specific.