微核直径测试作为非整倍体诱发剂的分析手段

以小鼠骨髓红细胞微核直径测试,比较了秋水仙素（COL）与昆明山海棠（THH）、对苯二酚（HQ）在哺乳动物体细胞中的非整倍体诱发效应。丝裂霉素C（MMC）作为多功能染色体断裂剂引入实验,为诱发非整倍体的阴性对照。结果发现,COL组,71%的微核直径（d）大于或等于所在细胞直径（D）的五分之一（d≥D/5）;THH诱发微核中,54%的微核d≥D/5;HQ及MMC组,分别有47%及14%的微核相对直径达此阈值。暗示THH及HQ具有类似COL的某种非整倍体诱发效应。微核直径测试可作为非整倍体诱发剂检测的辅助手段。 The relative diameters of micronucleus induced by colchicines(COL),Triptergium hypoglaucum(Level)Hutch(THH)and hydroquinone(HQ)were compared to evaluate their aneugenic activities in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes.MitomycinC(MMC)was taken as the negative control in the experiment because it is a multifunctional clastogen without aneugenic potential.Diameters of the cytoplasm(D)and the micronucleus(d)of each micronucleated erythrocytes were measured with a micrometer in a microscope.The frequency of relatively large micronuclei(d≥D/5)was found(71%) in COL treated group.In the THH and HQ treated groups,the relatively large micronuclei were 54% and 47%,respectively.Such micronuclei were infrequent(14%)in the MMC treated group.The results implied that THH and HQ may possess some aneugenic potential like COL.     

利用早孕绒毛组织和PCR技术检测先天性人巨细胞病毒感染

人的巨细胞病毒(Human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)已成为引起宫内感染的重要原因。在新生儿中先天性HCMV的感染率为0.2-2.2％。为了建立一种可行的先天性HCMV感染产前诊断技术,我们利用早孕绒毛组织和聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术对孕早期的先天性HCMV感染进行了研究。现简报如下:     

FⅧ的结构与血友病甲

凝血因子Ⅷ(FactorⅧ,F_Ⅷ)先天性缺陷而引起血友病甲,是临床上常见的一种遗传性出血性疾病.F_Ⅷ基因位于X染色体上,全长186kb,包括26个外显子及25个内含子.F_Ⅷ是一个分子量很大的糖蛋白(分子量为320kD),由具有相同N末端氨基酸顺序且分子量为90—200kD之间不同大小的一条重链和一条分子量为80kD的轻链组成,二链之间通过金属离子连结。在血浆中F_Ⅷ与血管性假血友病因子(von Willebrand factor     

罕见异位核型t(1;3),T(9;19)两例报告

TwoRareCasesofChromosomeTranslocationt(1;3)andt(9;19)WeiRongshangZhangHaiduanWangAiqinHeChunna(LaboratoryofGenetics,NanjingHospitaloftheAirForceofPLANanjing210002)例1男,28岁,结婚2年余,妻27岁,妊娠3次,第1胎孕5个月胎死宫内,第2胎7 月早产后夭折,第3胎5个     

中亚林蛙的核型、C带和银带研究及田野林蛙起源的探讨

中亚林蛙（Rana asiatica）的核型为2n=26,NF=52。第2号染色体短臂有一条近端着丝粒区C带。第10号染色体长臂上有一对标准NORs。本文认为,田野林蛙（Rana arvalis）起源于欧洲,是欧洲林蛙群与亚洲2n=24的林蛙群间的过渡种类。The diploid number of Rana asiatica is 2n=26, NF=52,with an acrocetric C-band on 2p and a pair of standard NORs on 10q. The paper holds that Rana arvalis,originated in Europe, is a interim species between Rana group in Europe and Rana group in Asia with 2n=24.     

植物遗传操作技术在中国的进展

<正> 植物遗传操作是在整株、细胞和分子上对植物遗传性状进行改造,使之更符合人类需要的一门新兴学科和技术,是生物工程的重要组成部分。使用这种新技术育种,不仅育种期短,而且能够将理想的异源遗传物质,包括基因、染色体或染色体片段转移到栽培品种中,从而按照人们的要求改造植物。本文将按照下述三方面:单倍体研究,细胞和组织培养在农业上的应用,以及植物遗传操作等,来讨论植物遗传操作技术在中国的进展。     

Myristica fragrans promotes ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in THP-1-derived macrophages

Myristica fragrans is a traditional herbal medicine and has been shown to alleviate the development of atherosclerosis.However,the anti-atherogenic mechanisms of M.fragrans are still to be addressed.In this study,we explored the effect of M.fragrans on lipid metabolism and inflammation and its mechanisms in THP-1-derived macrophages.The quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis results showed that M.fragrans promotes cholesterol efflux from THP-1-derived macrophages and reduces intracellular total cholesterol,cholesterol ester,and free cholesterol contents in a dose-and a time-dependent manner.Further study found that liver X receptor alpha(LXRα)antagonist GGPP significantly blocked the upregulation of ABCA1 expression with M.fragrans treatment.In addition,chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that GATA binding protein 3(GATA3)can bind to the LXRαpromoter,and inhibition of GATA3 led to the downregulation of LXRαand ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 expression.Furthermore,M.fragrans reduced lipid accumulation,followed by decreasing tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1βand increasing IL-10 produced by THP-1-derived macrophages.Therefore,M.fragrans is identified as a valuable therapeutic medicine for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.