华北二月兰-春玉米轮作体系中土壤硝态氮的时空变化特征

二月兰-春玉米轮作生产体系是近年来为解决华北地区出现的大面积冬闲田而提出的冬绿肥-春玉米生产新模式.本文依托定位试验,研究了该体系从二月兰翻压到玉米收获期间的土壤硝态氮时空变化特征.结果表明：土壤硝态氮含量呈玉米生育前期高后期低的时间变化特征和硝态氮含量峰值随着生育期的推移逐渐下移的空间变化特征,且土壤硝态氮含量随施肥量的增加而显著增加.翻压二月兰对土壤硝态氮含量的时空变化有一定影响,冬春季种植二月兰可降低0～180 cm土壤硝态氮累积量;二月兰翻压后,春玉米苗期与喇叭口期土壤硝态氮规律基本一致,主要集中在0～20 cm土层,0～100 cm土壤剖面为有二月兰处理高于无二月兰处理,100～180 cm土壤剖面则为有二月兰处理低于无二月兰处理;抽雄期以后,土壤硝态氮含量普遍较低,100～180 cm土层土壤硝态氮含量为有二月兰处理略高于无二月兰处理.总体上,翻压二月兰可以增加0～180 cm土层土壤硝态氮保蓄量.     

影响纳豆激酶酶促反应速度因素的研究

利用分光光度法对由纳豆菌发酵产生的纳豆激酶 (NK)进行了动力学性质的研究。以双倒数作图法 (L -B作图法 )求取Km。采用单因素试验法和正交试验法研究了底物浓度、酶浓度、温度、pH值对酶促反应速度的影响。结果表明该纳豆激酶的Km值为 3.4 98× 1 0 -6g·mL-1 ,当水解时间为 1 0min时 ,最适底物浓度为 1 6mg·mL-1 ,最适温度为 6 0℃ ,最适 pH为 8.0。     

桦褐孔菌酚类化合物及其免疫促进作用

Phenolic compounds from field-grown Inonotus obliquus sclerotia (Chaga) consist mainly of hispidin analogs and melanins, and are thought to be the active constituents to treat several human diseases. In submerged cultures of the fungus, however, no information is currently available on the production of phenolic compounds and their corresponding pharmacological functions. In this study, phenolic compounds from Chaga and submerged cultures of the fungus were assayed for their composition and immune-stimulating effects. Phenolic compounds produced by I. obliquus in submerged cultures mostly consist of flavonoids, together with small amounts of hispidin analogs and melanins. This is quite contrary to the situation in Chaga, where flavonoids are determined as trace elements. Furthermore, phenolic compounds from Chaga show capacity about two-fold higher than those produced in submerged cultures in inhibiting cyclophosphamide-induced reduction of bodyweight, spleen index and viability of peripheral lymphocytes in test mice. Thus less production of hispidin analogs and melanins is likely to be responsible for less immune-stimulating effects in phenolic compounds from submerged cultures, and additional factors should be imposed during submerged cultures of I. obliquus to regulate biosynthesis of phenolic compounds directed to the composition similar to Chaga.     

巧制昆虫标本

在教学实践中,我尝试用医用麻醉剂(利多卡因)将昆虫麻醉杀死效果很好。具体做法是:将昆虫捕到后用带有最小针头的注射器抽取医用麻药,从其胸部侧面向其体内注入,注入量根据虫体大小而定(1只凤蝶注入0.05mL即可),注入后昆虫会马上死去,接着即可展翅、风干、装盒。这种方法既经济又实用又保护环境,各位同行不妨一试。巧制昆虫标本@杨艳霞$辽宁锦州师专!辽宁锦州121000     

转植酸酶基因玉米对步甲群落动态的影响

本研究以陷阱法研究转植酸酶基因玉米及其亲本玉米在整个生长季节对地表步甲类群的影响。每个玉米品系设置6块样地, 两个玉米品系交替排列, 每个样地设置2个采样点, 共设置24个样点, 整个玉米生育期取样8次。本研究共采集步甲标本8 012头, 隶属于11属23种, 其中黄斑青步甲Chlaenius micans个体数量分别占个体总数的87.54%, 为玉米田内的主要常见物种, 蠋步甲Dolichus halensis、 后斑青步甲Chlaenius posticalis和单齿蝼步甲Scarites terricola个体数量分别占除黄斑青步甲之外所有步甲个体总数的34.77%, 31.16%和6.21%, 这些物种组成当地玉米田内的常见物种。步甲物种多样性与常见物种个体数量随季节变化明显, 且转植酸酶基因玉米与其亲本玉米田内步甲物种多样性和常见物种个体数量的季节变化趋势相似度较高。重复测量方差分析（Repeated ANOVA）结果表明, 转植酸酶基因玉米对步甲物种丰富度、 物种多度、 香农威纳多样性指数和均匀度指数均没有显著影响; 转植酸酶基因玉米田内的后斑青步甲个体数量明显增加, 但其他常见物种没有显著变化。基于非度量多维度（NMDS）的群落结构分析表明转植酸酶基因玉米与亲本玉米田内的步甲群落结构非常相似。本文结果表明转植酸酶基因玉米的种植对步甲物种多样性及常见物种没有明显影响。     

磷脂酰肌醇二磷酸

磷脂酰肌醇 4,5二磷酸 (ｐｈｏｓ ｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｉｎｏｓｉｔｏｌ(4,5 ) ｂｉｓｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ,ＰＩＰ2 )仅占膜磷脂的不到 1 % ,功能却非常复杂。这种低丰度的多磷酸肌醇脂 (ｐｏｌｙｐｈｏｓｐｈｏ ｉｎｏｓｉｔｉｄｅｓ)可被激素或细胞因子受体介导活化的磷酸脂酶Ｃ(ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｐａｓｅＣ ,ＰＬＣ)水解为第二信使分子肌醇三磷酸 (ＩＰ3)和二酰基甘油 (ＤＡＧ)参与信号传递。最近的研究表明细胞表面 ,即质膜 ,是ＰＩＰ2 功能表现的主要场所 ,参与了细胞膜上许多重要生理过程 ,如膜转运、膜与细胞骨架之间的相互作用及其与…     

番鸭细小病毒强、弱毒株VP2基因的序列测定比较

According to the complete nucleotide sequence of Muscovy duck parvovirus registered in the gene bank, two modified primers (LHMP7/LHMP8) were designed and, for each of them, a restriction endonuclease recognition site, SacⅡ or KpnⅠ, was included respectively. The DNA encoding VP2 structural protein of the wild strain MDPV Q and the attenuated strain MDPV 26 which had been derived by continued passage of virulent wild type (MDPV Q) in Muscovy duck embryo were amplified by PCR and recombined into T vector and sequenced respectively. It shows that both DNA encoding VP 2 structural protein of MDPV Q and MDPV which has been registered in the gene bank had the high homology (97.9%). MDPV 26 and MDPV Q displayed 99.7% identity, and shared 98.3% homology with that of reported MDPV.     

磷酸脂酶C—γ的信号传递研究进展

信号分子磷脂酶C－γ（PLC－γ）被蛋白酪氨酸酶（PTK）激活催化水解磷脂酰肌醇4,5－二磷酸（PIP2）生成第二信使分子肌醇三磷酸（IP3）和二酰基甘油（DAG）,参与受体酪氨酸激酶（RTK）介导的细胞分列、抗原与免疫细胞受体结合引起免疫反应及卵细胞受精等过程中的信号传递。     

中国血液制品与国外的差距—访荷兰和德国血液制品企业后感

本文介绍了荷兰红十字会输血分离中心（CLB）和德国Centeon公司的基本概况及对其产品－血液制品质控的保障体系所采取的种种措施,找出了中国血液制品生产中的差距,为今后此项工作提出了改进的方向。