卫生机构组织文化的认知调查与分析

文章采用问卷调查的方式,从员工价值观取向、员工对组织文化建设的认可状况、员工的文化需求和期待等方面展开调查,把握员工对组织文化的整体认知情况,提出要从和谐社会的高度去构建医疗卫生机构组织文化,增强员工的归属感、幸福感,形成特色鲜明、内涵丰富的组织文化。     

Distribution of prolyl oligopeptidase in human peripheral tissues and in ovarian and colorectal tumors

Prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) is a serine protease that hydrolyzes peptides shorter than 30-mer, and it has been connected with multiple physiological and pathological conditions. PREP has been mostly studied in the brain, but significant PREP activities have been measured in peripheral tissues. Moreover, increased PREP activities have been found in tumors. In this study, the authors studied the immunohistochemical distribution of PREP protein in human peripheral tissues and in ovarian and colorectal tumors. PREP was found to be widely distributed in human peripheral tissues and specifically in certain cells. The most intense PREP expression was seen in the testis, ovaries, liver, and some parts of the skin. At the cellular level, high PREP levels were seen as a rule in secreting epithelial cells and cells involved in reproduction. Increased PREP expression was seen in most of the tumors studied. PREP expression was higher in malignant than benign tumors, and in ovarian epithelial cancers, there was a trend for increased PREP staining with increased malignancy grade. Results suggest that PREP may be associated with secretory processes as well as in reproduction. A more abundant expression of PREP in malignant than benign tumors suggests that PREP may be associated with expansion and metastasis of tumors.     

Widen the Belt of Habitability!

Among the key-parameters to characterize habitability are presence or availability of liquid water, an appropriate temperature range, and the time scale of reference. These criteria for habitability are discussed and described from the point of view of water- and ice-physics, and it is shown that liquid water may exist in the sub-surfaces of planetary bodies like Mars, and possibly of inner asteroids and internally heated ice-moons. Water can remain fluid there also at temperatures far below the "canonical" 0?°C. This behaviour is made possible as a consequence of the freezing point depression due to salty solutes in water or "brines", as they can be expected to exist in nature more frequently than pure liquid water. On the other hand, low temperatures cause a slowing down of chemical processes, as can be described by Arrhenius's relation. The resulting smaller reaction rates probably will have the consequence to complicate the detection of low-temperature life processes, if they exist. Furthermore, the adaptation potential of life is to be mentioned in this context as a yet partially unknown process. Resulting recommendations are given to improve the use of criteria to characterize habitable conditions.     

Prevalence of insulin resistance in a young adult population. Relationship with weight status

AimTo estimate the prevalence of insulin resistance using both the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) index and basal insulinemia, and to analyze its relationship to overweight, as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).Patients and methodsA series of 118 non-diabetic young adults aged 18 and 19 years attending a primary care health center were studied. They were contacted by telephone, and their BMI, WC, HOMA and basal insulinemia were measured, among other parameters.ResultsHOMA values ≥ P90 (HOMA ≥3.15) were found in 9.3% of the sample (50% in the obesity group). Insulinemia ≥ P90 (16,9) was found in 11%. Based on BMI, 17.8% were overweight (26.5% of men, 11.6% of women), and 6.8% were obese (6.1% of men, 7.2% of women). Based on WC, 5.71% were obese when waist was measured at the midpoint and 15.38%, when measured at the iliac crest. HOMA was found to be significantly correlated to weight increase, BMI, WC, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and blood glucose, while correlation was only found between insulinemia and increased WC and decreased high lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels.ConclusionIn this young adult sample, increased BMI and WC were associated to increased insulin resistance. High HOMA values were found in 9.3% of subjects.     

Complex formation between heme oxygenase and phytochrome during biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

The plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato carries two genes encoding bacterial phytochromes. Sequence motifs identify both proteins (PstBphP1 and PstBphP2, respectively) as biliverdin IXα (BV)-binding phytochromes. PstbphP1 is arranged in an operon with a heme oxygenase (PstBphO)-encoding gene (PstbphO), whereas PstbphP2 is flanked downstream by a gene encoding a CheY-type response regulator. Expression of the heme oxygenase PstBphO yielded a green protein (λ(max) = 650 nm), indicative for bound BV. Heterologous expression of PstbphP1 and PstbphP2 and in vitro assembly with BV IXα yielded the apoproteins for both phytochromes, but only in the case of PstBphP1 a light-inducible chromoprotein. Attempts to express the endogenous heme oxygenase BphO and either of the two phytochromes from two plasmids yielded only holo-PstBphP1. Relatively small amounts of soluble holo-PstBphP2 were just obtained upon co-expression with BphO from P. aeruginosa. Expression of the operon containing PstbphO:PstbphP1 led to an improved yield and better photoreactivity for PstBphP1, whereas an identical construct, exchanging PstbphP1 for PstbphP2 (PstbphO:PstbphP2), again yielded only minute amounts of chromophore-loaded BphP2-holoprotein. The improved yield for PstBphP1 from the PstbphO:PstbphP1 operon expression is apparently caused by complex formation between both proteins during biosynthesis as affinity chromatography of either protein using two different tags always co-purified the reaction partner. These results support the importance of protein-protein interactions during tetrapyrrole metabolism and phytochrome assembly.     

Water coordinated zinc dioxo-chlorin and porphyrin self-assemblies as chlorosomal mimics: variability of supramolecular interactions

Semisynthetic zinc chlorins are shown for the first time to self-assemble in the absence of an intrinsic hydroxy group, which is always present in the chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls (BChl's) c, d and e. Instead, the presently studied compounds have carbonyl groups. These cannot function as hydrogen bond donating groups. However due to interspacing water molecules bound to the zinc ion, double hydrogen bonding can occur to adjacent tetrapyrrolic macrocycles equipped with carbonyl recognition groups. Solution studies comprising UV-Vis absorption, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and FT-IR show that different aggregates are formed in hydrated solvents in comparison to dry nonpolar solvents. Single crystal X-ray studies show variable supramolecular interactions either with interspacing water molecules coordinating the Zn ion within a porphyrin or with the 17(2) carbonyl group of a chlorin ligating the Zn ion. Our findings have implications for a minimalistic design of self-assembling chromophores, which can act as efficient light-harvesting units.     

Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: progress report, 2011

The parties to the Montreal Protocol are informed by three panels of experts. One of these is the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP), which deals with two focal issues. The first focus is the effects of increased UV radiation on human health, animals, plants, biogeochemistry, air quality, and materials. The second focus is on interactions between UV radiation and global climate change and how these may affect humans and the environment. When considering the effects of climate change, it has become clear that processes resulting in changes in stratospheric ozone are more complex than believed previously. As a result of this, human health and environmental problems will be longer-lasting and more regionally variable. Like the other panels, the EEAP produces a detailed report every four years; the most recent was published in 2010 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2011, 10, 173-300). In the years in between, the EEAP produces less detailed and shorter progress reports, which highlight and assess the significance of developments in key areas of importance to the parties. The next full quadrennial report will be published in 2014-2015.     

Formation of hydrogen peroxide by VUV-photolysis of water and aqueous solutions with methanol

The hydrogen peroxide production upon vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation of water is reviewed, because published results from the last 10 years lead to conflicting mechanistic interpretations. This work confirms that in pure water, hydrogen peroxide is only produced in the presence of molecular oxygen. Mechanistic schemes explain these findings and confirm earlier statements that recombination of hydroxyl radicals is kinetically disfavoured. In agreement with other recent publications, this work confirms that enhanced hydrogen peroxide production takes place upon VUV irradiation of aqueous solutions of organic compounds. For these investigations, methanol was chosen as an organic model compound. During photolyses, hydrogen peroxide, dissolved molecular oxygen, pH-value of the reaction system, methanol and its products of oxidative degradation were analyzed, and kinetic studies were undertaken to explain the evolution of the concentrations of these components.