Thansgenic peanut plants obtained by particle bombardment via somatic embryogenesis regeneration system

INTRODUCTIONArachiS hypogaea L., Peanut or groundnut, isan importal commercial crop worldwide. It provides an excellellt source of protein and other nutrients. Its production and quality can be severelyimpacted under stressful growing conditions such ascdriate factors, pests and diseajses. Genetic engineering provides a prospective way to reduce certainproblems by transferring individual genes for pestresistance or other traits into elite germplasm of acultiVated species. Thansgenic pea…     

一个母系遗传非综合征耳聋大家系mtDNA序列分析

通过分析本家系mtDNA序列,探讨淮阴一非综合征耳聋大家系患病的分子遗传学机制.采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增mtDNA与非综合征耳聋相关位点nt1555、nt7445的区域和人类种群研究的D-loop区、PCR-异源双链分析、PCR-RFLP、PCR产物克隆序列测定等技术对该家系进行了系统的研究.发现该家系中全部母系亲属有mtDNAA1555G突变,而家系中非母系个体、对照组(100例正常个体)的mtDNA1555位点均为A.该家系mtDNA7445位点无突变;该家系属于II型线粒体;发现家系D-loop区存在未见报道的碱基插入.提示mtDNAA1555G位点突变可能是导致该家系患者致聋的主要因素之一.遗传背景可能对家系疾病的表型存在一定程度的影响。 Abstract:We find an extensive nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness family in Huaiyin,and investigate the possible molecular genetic mechanism of matrilineal nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness.We use PCR,combined with PCR-heteroduplex analysis,PCR-RFLP and sequencing techniques to examine part of 12S rRNA,tRNAser(UCN),and D-loop region of this pedigree.1)We found an A to G transition at position 1555(A1555G) of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA from all the patients and four matrilineal.2)An new nucleotide insertion was indentified in D-Loop region.3)According to the polymorphism of D-loop,this pedigree belong to mitochondrial type II.The study showed that the A1555G mutation may be one of major factors in progressive inherited deafness of this family and genetic background should be investigated in the future.     

Distribution of ground-dwelling beetles （Coleoptera） across a forest-clearcut ecotone in Wolong Natural Reserve, southwestern China

Abstract The influence of edge effect on ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera) across a forest-clearcut ecotone was studied in Wolong Natural Reserve, southwestern China. During the field research, a total of 30 739 beetles were collected with pitfall traps along transects, which extending 100 m from the edge into the forest interior and 100 m into the clearcut. Of the collection, Carabidae comprised 92%, Staphylinidae 3%, Curculionidae 2%, and Tenebrionidae 2%, and these four families can be considered as abundant groups. Family richness, Shannon diversity and equitability display a significant decrease from forest interior, edge to clearcut. Based on the family composition and abundance, ground-dwelling beetles of the forest interior can be separated from those in the clearcut by Principal coordinate analysis ordination, and beetle assemblages in the forest edge were more similar to forest assemblages than to those found in the clearcut by cluster analysis. Seasonal dynamics of family richness showed a monotone peak in the middle season, with a highest value in the forest interior and a lowest value in the clearcut. Family abundance showed two peaks in the middle season, always with more individuals in the clearcut than in the forest interior or in the edge. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the cover of shrub and litter were the two most important factors in determining family richness, Shannon diversity, equitability and abundance. Our results show that the forest edge and clearcut have obviously different composition and diversity of ground-dwelling beetles from forest interior at the family level. However, more edges have been formed due to increasing forest fragmentation (clearcutting or logging), so it is necessary to preserve large and intact forest to protect the diversity of ground-dwelling beetles in Wolong Natural Reserve.     

大豆灰斑病抗性遗传的三点测交分析

本实验利用三点测交分析的方法, 对3个组合在人工接种大豆灰斑病菌的条件下的抗性表现进行基因效应分析,各组合均存在加性,组合1存在显性,组合2、3存在上位性。 Abstract:In this paper,Triple Test Cross Design was used in studing the resistance of soybean to 10 physiological race of Cercospora Sojina Haraby inoculation.Results o analysis of gene effects of resistance indicated that additive effect is significant in all the three crosses,dominant effect exsists only in the cross 1 and epistatic effect remains in the cross 2 and cross 3.     

A novel strategy to inhibit the reproduction and translation of hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a positive single-stranded RNA virus, is a major cause of liver disease in humans. Herein we report a novel strategy to inhibit the reproduction and translation of HCV using a short RNA, named an Additional RNA, to activate the endonuclease activity of Argonaute 2 (Ago2). In the presence of the Additional RNA, the HCV genome RNA has the requisite 12 nucleotides of base-pairing with microRNA-122. This activates the endonuclease activity of Ago2, resulting in cleavage and release of the HCV genome RNA from Ago2 and microRNA-122. The free HCV genome RNA would be susceptible to intracellular degradation, effectively inhibiting its reproduction and translation. This study presents a new method to inhibit HCV that may hold great potential for HCV treatment in the future.     

牦牛Myf-5基因的克隆测序及其系统进化研究

本研究对牦牛(九龙牦牛)的生肌决定因子5(Myf-5)基因进行了T-A克隆测序和分析,并与多个物种的相应基因编码区核苷酸序列、氨基酸序列进行了比对分析,构建了物种间的系统进化树.结果 表明:①牦牛的Myf-5基因大小为3313 bp,由3个外显子和2个内含子组成,与普通牛等9个物种比较,在基因大小上有较大的差异,但外显子和内含子的组成一致.②牦牛、大额牛、瘤牛、水牛、普通牛、人、恒河猴、黑猩猩、狗、家鼠、软体贝壳、鸡、斑马鱼等物种间Myf-5基因编码区的核苷酸序列同源性较高,其中,牦牛、大额牛、瘤牛、水牛、普通牛间的同源性最高,达98.4%以上,说明Myf-5基因编码区核苷酸序列在动物物种间具有较高的保守性.③牦牛、大额牛、瘤牛、水牛、普通牛、黑猩猩、恒河猴、人、狗、家鼠、软体贝壳、鸡、斑马鱼等物种间Myf-5基因编码蛋白的氨基酸序列具有较高的同源性,保守性强,这一结果与编码区核苷酸序列的比对结果基本一致.④根据核苷酸序列,用NJ法构建的牦牛、大额牛、瘤牛、水牛、普通牛、人、恒河猴、黑猩猩、狗、家鼠、软体贝壳、鸡、斑马鱼等13个物种的分子系统进化树显示:牦牛、普通牛、瘤牛、水牛和大额牛在较近的亲缘关系下聚为一大类,人、黑猩猩和恒河猴聚为另一大类,然后这两类再和其他物种相聚.这一分类结果与各物种的动物学分类结果和血液蛋白、mtDNA水平上的聚类结果基本一致,支持牦牛、普通牛和瘤牛3个物种间不应该是属间或亚属间关系,而应是同一属下的不同种,将牦牛、普通牛和瘤牛划分在同一个属--牛属(Bos),而将水牛划分在另一个单独的属的观点.同时也显示该基因序列适合用于动物学分类.     

不同形式混合资料遗传力的估计方法

本文探讨了用一种特殊形式资料估计遗传力的方法,亦可作为为扩大样本含量,充分利用不同来源且形式不同资料合并估计遗传力的方法。     

A revision of Clematis sect. Atragene （Ranunculaceae）

Clematis sect. Atragene is revised in this paper based on the examination of a large number of herbarium specimens, extensive field observations, and morphometric analyses. Brief taxonomic history and geographical distribution of the section are given, the relationships among the species are discussed, and the evolutionary trends of some characters in the section are evaluated. The staminodes of the plants in this section may have evolved from the outer stamens with petaloid filaments and gradually disappearing anthers. Subsequently, they may have evolved in two different ways. One possibility is that the staminodes elongate and become lanceolate, as long as sepals, and their apices turn into attenuate. The other is that the staminodes are spathulate, but not elongating, as long as stamens, and their apices turn into retuse from obtuse and rounded. The evolutionary trend of sepals may be from thin to thick in texture, and the veins from non-prominent to prominent. As a result, five new series are established and nine species, two subspecies and nine varieties （including three new ranks） are recognized in this section. An identification key is provided, and each taxon is described and illustrated. Clematis sibirica and Clematis ochotensis are treated as subspecies of Clematis alpina due to their subtle differences and lack of, or few, overlapping distributions. Clematis fusijamana and Clematisfauriei are recognized as varieties of C. alpina ssp. ochotensis for the continuous variation of the velutinous strips on the sepal margins. Clematis iliensis is treated as variety of C. alpina ssp. sibirica for the continuous variation of leaf division types. Extensive variations in sepal color and basal caruncle size support degrading Clematis chiisanensis as a variety of Clematis koreana. The North American ser. Occientales may be primitive, whereas ser. Macropetalae may be the most advanced taxon in this section. Ser. Alpinae and ser. Koreanae are closely related to each other. However, the systematic position of ser.     

双峰驼视觉器官组织学结构的研究

通过光学显微镜对双峰驼Camelus bactrianus眼球的主要结构及附属结构泪腺进行了组织学研究,同时对眼球的一些光学参数进行了测量.双峰驼眼球呈不规则圆球形,角膜径与眼球径比值为1∶1.135,晶状体径与角膜径比值为1∶1.77.组织学结构上与一般哺乳动物差别不大.视网膜属于脊椎动物典型的10层结构,视网膜总厚度(除色素上皮层)约149.777 μm.其中外核层、内核层和神经节细胞层细胞数之间比值为2.66∶1∶0.12.神经节细胞核体积平均值为461.58 μm3.研究初步表明双峰驼视觉调节能力较强,具有某些夜行动物的特点.