动物学综合实验在教学中培养探究性的实践

以动物学综合实验--家鸡脑标本的制作与观察为例,从药品的配制、实验材料的准备、实验整个操作程序的设计,到最后的实验结果,让学生独立完成.起到了指导学生探究和掌握科学方法的作用,让学生在体验科学探究的过程中,获得初步的科学探究能力,培养其探索和创新意识,从而提高生物科学素养.     

Effects of antibiotics on modern chronic diseases

The discovery of antibiotics is the miracle of modern medicine,which has contributed greatly to the protection of human health.However,in despite of medical advances to date,some quite inexplicable modern diseases are still haunting us.These chronic diseases are less fierce in fatality,but more permanently compromise the quality of patients′lives.In this paper,the relevant background knowledge about antibiotics were introduced and the relationship between antibiotics and several common chronic diseases was analyzed,in order to promote the rational use of antibiotics and the correct view on antibiotics.     

Benzene containing polyhydroxyalkanoates homo- and copolymers synthesized by genome edited Pseudomonas entomophila

Microbial synthesis of functional polymers has become increasingly important for industrial biotechnology.For the first time,it became possible to synthesize controllable composition of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)(P3HA)consisting of 3-hydroxydodecanoate(3HDD)and phenyl group on the side-chain when chromosome of Pseudomonas entomophila was edited to weaken itsβ-oxidation.Cultured in the presence of 5-phenylvaleric acid(PVA),the edited P.entomophila produced only homopolymer poly(3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate)or P(3HPhV).While copolyesters P(3HPhV-co-3HDD)of 3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate(3HPhV)and 3-hydroxydodecanoate(3HDD)were synthesized when the strain was grown on mixtures of PVA and dodecanoic acid(DDA).Compositions of 3HPhV in P(3HPhV-co-3HDD)were controllable ranging from 3%to 32%depending on DDDA/PVA ratios.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectra clearly indicated that the polymers were homopolymer of P(3HPhV)and random copolymers of 3HPhV and 3HDD.Their mechanical and thermal properties varied dramatically depending on the monomer ratios.Our results demonstrated the possibility to produce tailor-made,novel functional PHA using the chromosome edited P.entomophila.     

Effects of Temperature and pH on Cell Growth of a Flocculating Microalga (Chlorella vulgaris) JSC-7

微藻是可广泛用于健康食品及水产养殖的饵料,同时,微藻细胞内积累的油脂可作为可再生生物燃料,因此微藻的生长和代谢受到广泛关注。温度和pH对微藻的生物量积累有很大影响,考察不同温度和pH条件下微藻细胞的生长有助于寻找最佳的条件进行微藻的培养。自絮凝小球藻JSC-7（Chlorella vulgaris JSC-7）可实现自沉降采收,有利于降低微藻生产成本,优化其生长条件对更好地利用该微藻具有重要意义。考察了温度（22∽40℃）及pH（6.0∽10.0）对其细胞生长、叶绿素含量和油脂产量的影响。在所选取的温度及pH范围内,JSC-7细胞均可生长,显示该藻种可以适应广泛的温度和pH条件。适合细胞生长的温度依次为31℃〉28℃〉35℃〉25℃,pH依次为7.0〉8.0〉6.0。pH 8.0时生物量和油脂的积累量最多,说明该藻株在弱碱条件下更适合生长和产油。当温度为31℃、pH为7.0时,可获得最高的生长量（OD690=0.941）、叶绿素含量（19 mg/L）及油脂产量（39.07%/克干重）。     

Using a non-radioisotopic, quantitative TRAP-based method detecting telomerase activities in human hepatoma cells

INTRODUCTIONTelomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that plays a critical role in telomeremaintenance and cellular immortality. Telomerase has been considered as tumordiagnostic marker and potential target for cancer therapyll, 2]. A sensitive, reliableand quantitative assay is of high interest in this field. The development of a very sensitive Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol (TRAP) for measuring telomerajseactivity in cell extracts has been proved to be an important tool for…     

复杂易位遗传效应的探讨——附-例罕见复杂易位核型

本文报道一例罕见复杂易位核型:46,XX,t(1;14;10).并结合以往资料,探讨和分析复杂易位和一般平衡易位对表型及生育的遗传效应.结果显示,一般易位导致智能低下和多发畸形的频率各为3.57%;复杂易位所致智能低下频率为21.73%,多发畸形的频率为17.39%.提示复杂易位所致智能低下和畸形频率明显高于一般易位。 Abstract:In this paper,we report a rare karyotype of complex translocation:46,XX,t(1;14;10).Based on sufficient published data,we discussed and analyzed the genetic effect of complex translocation and general balanced translocation on phenotype and fertilization.The results show that general balanced translocation caused 3.57% low intelligence and multi-deformation while complex translocation caused 21.73% low intelligence and 17.39% multi-deformation respectively.These results sugget that there is a higher incedence of low intelligence and multi-deformation caused by complex translocation than that caused by general balanced translocation.     

RFLP诊断方法的改进

RFLP(限制性片段长度多态)技术应用于遗传病的诊断始于1981年。在十年时间里,这一基因诊断技术和分析方法不断得到发展和改进。随着越来越多的致病基因和连锁DNA多态片段的分离和克隆,该技术在分析缺陷基因性质,携带者检出和产前诊断等方面将发挥重要作用.然而,RFLP技术复杂,耗费时间和费用较大,使其向临床推广应用面临很大局限性。因此,基因诊断的方法简化和技术改进大有必要。1985年首创的多聚酶链     

Adenovirus-mediated expression of pig α(1,3) galactosyltransferase reconstructs Gal α(1,3) Gal epitope on the surface of human tumor cells

INTRODUCTIONGal a(1, 3) Gal (gal epitope) is a carbohydrate epitope, which is produced in large amounton the cells of pigs, mice and New World monkey(monkey of South America) by the glycosylationenzyme G alal 1 ) 4G IcNAc3- a- D- galactosyltransferase[or(1, 3)GT; EC2.4.1.511111. This enzyme is active in the Golgi appaxatus of cells and transfers galactose from the sugandonor uridine diphoSphate galactose (UDP-galactose) to the acceptor Nacetyllactosamine residue (Galaal-4GlcNAc-R…     

糖尿病患者指纹白线的分析

作者对298例糖尿病患者的指纹白线的出现率进行了调查,结果表明,糖尿病患者的指纹白线出现率明显高于同一地区正常人群,差异高度显著(P<0 .01)。其中女性指纹白线的出现率明显高于男性,差异显著(P<0.05),较某些遗传病指纹白线的出现率低。