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101.
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103.
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 《Developing world bioethics》2001,1(2):116-120
Here are the 18 guidance points contained in the UNAIDS document on Ethical Considerations in HIV Preventive Vaccine Research, reproduced by kind permission of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 相似文献
104.
Hartung T;Human 《Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA》2002,30(Z2):49-51
The Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) test has replaced about 80% of the use of the rabbit pyrogen test. Ideally, human-based in vitro tests are needed, to replace the remaining use of the rabbit test and the use of the LAL test. The progress of an EU-funded project is described, in which a number of in vitro tests, based on the human fever reaction are passing through a prevalidation study on the way to evaluation in a formal validation study. 相似文献
105.
Hünkar T Aktan F Ceylan A Karasu C;Antioxidants in Diabetes-Induced Complications 《Cell biochemistry and function》2002,20(4):297-302
Lipid disorders and increased oxidative stress may exacerbate some complications of diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have implicated the beneficial effects of some antioxidants, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the protection of cells from the destructive effect of increased lipids and lipid peroxidation products. This study, therefore, was designed to investigate the effects of cod liver oil (CLO, Lysi Ltd. Island), which comprises mainly vitamin A, PUFAs, EPA and DHA. Effects were monitored on plasma lipids, lipid peroxidation products (MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and catalase in heart, liver, kidney and lung of non-diabetic control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced-diabetic rats. Two days after STZ-injection (55 mg kg(-1) i.p.), non-diabetic control and diabetic rats were divided randomly into two groups as untreated or treated with CLO (0.5 ml kg(-1) rat per day) for 12 weeks. Plasma glucose, triacylglycerol and cholesterol concentrations were significantly elevated in 12-week untreated-diabetic animals; CLO treatment almost completely prevented these abnormalities in triacylglycerol and cholesterol, but hyperglycaemia was partially controlled. CLO also provided better weight gain in diabetic animals. In untreated diabetic rats, MDA markedly increased in aorta, heart and liver but was not significantly changed in kidney and lung. This was accompanied by a significant increase in both GSHPx and catalase enzyme activities in aorta, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. In kidney and lung, diabetes resulted in reduced catalase while GSHPx was significantly activated. In aorta, heart, and liver, diabetes-induced changes in MDA were entirely prevented by CLO treatment. In the tissues of CLO-treated diabetic animals, GSHPx activity paralleled those of control animals. CLO treatment also caused significant improvements in catalase activities in every tissue of diabetic rats, but failed to affect MDA and antioxidant activity in control animals. The current study suggests that the treatment of diabetic rats with CLO provides better control of glucose and lipid metabolism, allows recovery of normal growth rate, prevents oxidative/peroxidative stress and ameliorates endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities in various tissues. Because CLO contains a plethora of beneficial compounds together, its use for the management of diabetes-induced complications may provide important advantages. 相似文献
106.
Beyer KS Blasi F Bacchelli E Klauck SM Maestrini E Poustka A;International Molecular Genetic Study of Autism Consortium 《Human genetics》2002,111(4-5):305-309
Mutations in the coding region of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 ( MECP2) gene cause Rett syndrome and have also been reported in a number of X-linked mental retardation syndromes. Furthermore, such mutations have recently been described in a few autistic patients. In this study, a large sample of individuals with autism was screened in order to elucidate systematically whether specific mutations in MECP2 play a role in autism. The mutation analysis of the coding sequence of the gene was performed by denaturing high-pressure liquid chromatography and direct sequencing. Taken together, 14 sequence variants were identified in 152 autistic patients from 134 German families and 50 unrelated patients from the International Molecular Genetic Study of Autism Consortium affected relative-pair sample. Eleven of these variants were excluded for having an aetiological role as they were either silent mutations, did not cosegregate with autism in the pedigrees of the patients or represented known polymorphisms. The relevance of the three remaining mutations towards the aetiology of autism could not be ruled out, although they were not localised within functional domains of MeCP2 and may be rare polymorphisms. Taking into account the large size of our sample, we conclude that mutations in the coding region of MECP2 do not play a major role in autism susceptibility. Therefore, infantile autism and Rett syndrome probably represent two distinct entities at the molecular genetic level. 相似文献
107.
WANG Da Zhong CHEN Yi Yu 《动物分类学报》1998,(1)
本文根据系统学原理,提出了建立新类元的依据;并据此从分类和系统发育上论证了近金线属AnchicyclocheilusLietLan独立成属的可能性,认为应将近金线属归于金线属;修订了金线属SinocyclocheilusFang的鉴别特征。 相似文献
108.
本研究目的在于探讨丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)是否在AngⅡ(10-8mol/L)诱导的培养新生大鼠心肌成纤维细胞(FB)的增殖反应中起重要作用。实验以FB数目和DNA合成速率(3H-胸腺嘧啶掺入率)为增殖指标,[γ-32P]ATP掺入法和免疫印迹法分别测定FBMAPK的活性和含量,结果发现(1)AngⅡ处理FB24h后,DNA合成速率和细胞数比对照组分别增加60%和39%;(2)AngⅡ处理FB5min后,MAPK活性比对照组增高203%;(3)培养新生大鼠FB含有两个MAPK同型体-p44mapk和p42mapk,其中p44mapk含量高于p42mapk,分别为总量的58%和42%。AngⅡ处理5min后,MAPK蛋白含量(p44+p42〕增高429%,其中p44mapk的增加明显大于p42mapk的增加,分别比相应对照增高486%和349%。以上结果表明,AngⅡ诱导的MAPK活性和含量的增加,参与了FB的增殖反应,其中p44mapk的作用较为显著 相似文献
109.
Trichosanthin inhibits T cell activation by interfering with the recruitment of ZAP-70 to CD3 ζchain
INTRoDUCTIONThichosanthin(Tk),aplantproteinisolatedfromaChinesemedicinalherbTh-1.Correspondenceaddress:Dr.KuangYenCHoU,ShanghaiInstituteofImmunology,Shang-haiSecondMedicalUniversity28oSouthChongqingRoad,Shanghai2ooo25,China.Fax:(8621)63846383,E-mail:my@sh… 相似文献
110.
广布中剑水蚤对裸腹和秀体的摄食(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
YANG Yu-feng 《动物学研究》1998,(1)
1995年6月至9月,在武汉东湖,通过摄食实验和野外调查,作者研究了广布中剑水蚤对裸腹和秀体的摄食。研究结果证实,广布中剑水蚤能够抓取和摄食裸腹和秀体。广布中剑水蚤对小型裸腹的平均摄食率高于大型裸腹。多重统计分析结果表明,广布中剑水蚤对小型和大型裸腹的摄食率有显著差异(P=00335),捕食者喜食小型猎物。由于广布中剑水蚤的摄食习性,它对裸腹和秀体的种群动态有重要影响,但随着鱼产量增加,广布中剑水蚤对猎物摄食的影响效果被减弱了。 相似文献