上海城市公共开放空间夏季小气候及舒适度

基于2006年5—8月上海城区5种类型公共开放空间（广场、喷泉、草坪、廊道、林地）的空气温度、相对湿度、风速和辐射强度等小气候指标,分析了各空间类型对小气候的调节作用,并采用体感气象指数（discomfort index, DI）作为评价指标,比较了各空间类型对人体舒适程度影响的差异.结果表明：上海市5种类型公共开放空间的平均温度、相对湿度等小气候因子存在一定差异;平均气温依次为广场＞草坪＞喷泉＞廊道＞林地;平均空气相对湿度依次为林地＞廊道＞喷泉＞草坪＞广场;广场面积、喷泉水体附近的风速及风向、草坪的草种类型、廊道的宽度及乔木盖度、林地的盖度及乔木林冠层高度等非气候指标分别与各自空间的气候指标呈显著相关.与其他3种空间类型相比,林地和廊道具有明显的遮荫、降温、增湿作用,对小气候的调节能力更佳.     

Expression and Assembly Mechanism of the Capsid Proteins of a Satellite Virus （XSV） Associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii Nodavirus

The extra small virus （XSV） is a satellite virus associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus （MrNV） and its genome consists of two overlapping ORFs, CP17 and CP16. Here we demonstrate that CP16 is expressed from the second AUG of the CP17 gene and is not a proteinase cleavage result of CP17. We further expressed CP17 and several truncated CP17s （in which the N-or C-terminus or both was deleted）, respectively, in Escherichia coli. Except for the recombinant plasmid CP17^AC10, all recombinant plasmids expressed soluble protein which assembled into virus-like particles （VLPs）, suggesting that the C-terminus is important for VLP formation.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Genome from the Inner Mongolia Strain of the Endogenous Betaretroviruses （enJSRV）

In order to amplify the complete genome of enJSRV from the strain of Inner Mongolia （enJSRV-NM）, we used enJSRV-specific and JSRV-specific DNA probes in dot blot hybridization. Seven pairs of primers were designed based on Genbank sequences. Seven fragments were obtained by PCR and were cloned into the PMD19-T vectors. The recombinant plasmids were sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that the genome was 7 942 bp in length and contained four overlapping open reading frames corresponding to the gag, pro, pol and env genes as well as an additional open reading frame （orf-x） that overlaps the 3＇ end of the pol gene. The nucleotide acid sequences of the enJSRV-NM loci were compared with the sequences of South Africa enJS56A1 strain （Accession No.AF153615） and USA JSRV21 strain （Accession No. AF105220）. The nucleotide acid identities were 99.2% and 92.3% respectively. Two zinc fingers were found in the NC region in the predicted amino acid sequence. However, the YXXM motif, which is a reliable molecular marker for the infectious exogenous virus, was not found in the TM region. It was found that the enJSRV-NM region was 90%-98% identical at the amino acid level to its exogenous infectious counterparts in most of the retroviral genome. This is the first nucleotide sequence of enJSRV reported in P.R China. The resource work has provided a wide range of information useful not only for expression genomics and annotation of genomic DNA sequence, but also for further research on the clinical diagnosis of OPA.     

cDNA cloning and function analysis of two novel erythroid differentiation related genes

Our previous studies showed that some nuclear proteins that were expressed especially during terminal differentiation of erythroid cells might interact directly or indirectly with HS2 sequence to form the HS2-protein complexes and thus play an important role in the globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation. Monoclonal antibodies against the nuclear proteins of terminal differentiated erythroid cells, including intermediate and late erythroblasts of human fetal liver and hemin induced K562 cells, were prepared by hybridoma technique. The monoclonal antibodies were used to screen λ-gtll human cDNA expression library of fetal liver in order to obtain the relevant cDNA clones. By the analysis of their cDNA clones and the identification of the proteins' functions, the regulation mechanism of the HS2 binding proteins might be better understood. Two cDNA clones (GenBank accession number AF040247 and AF040248 respectively) were obtained and one of them owns a full length and the other encodes a prote     

地衣芽胞杆菌在植物病害生物防治中的应用

随着对地衣芽胞杆菌研究的不断深入和其杀虫、抗菌、生物降解等多种生物学活性的发现,地衣芽胞杆菌被认为是芽胞杆菌属中最具有生物防治应用价值的菌种之一。本文论述了地衣芽胞杆菌的生物学特性及其防治植物病害的四种主要作用机制,包括竞争、分泌抗菌物质、诱导植物系统抗性和促进植物生长;介绍了地衣芽胞杆菌在水稻、棉花、番茄、芒果、辣椒等多种大田作物和经济果蔬上的应用现状和生物防治效果;并讨论了其在生防应用过程中存在的主要问题,为今后地衣芽胞杆菌在生物防治方面的研究提供理论依据和应用参考。     

拐芹倍半萜没药烷吉酮的结构修饰及其对H~+/K~+-ATP酶的抑制作用

三峡区域药用植物拐芹的根中富含倍半萜类抗溃疡活性成分没药烷吉酮,为可开发和利用的中草药资源。本文对该化合物进行了提取分离、结构修饰和初步的构效关系研究,从拐芹根茎中提取并分离了没药烷吉酮,通过选择性还原、缩合和加成反应制备了四个没药烷吉酮氨基甲酰腙衍生物。用核磁共振波谱、质谱、红外和元素分析等方法确证了其结构,并测试了其体外对H~+/K~+-ATP酶的抑制活性和细胞毒活性。没药烷吉酮还原衍生物2及4-氯苯基取代的氨基甲酰腙衍生物4d较阳性对照药物奥美拉唑具有更好的体外抗溃疡活性(IC5024μmol/L)。本文探明了没药烷吉酮衍生物的结构对体外H~+/K~+-ATP酶抑制活性的影响,为消化性溃疡的治疗提供了新型倍半萜类候选药物。     

Prokaryotic expression, purification and characterization of nattokinase

Nattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme that is considered to be a promising agent for thrombosis therapy. In this study, nattokinase was purified from fermentation broth of a Bacillus subtilis strain by ammonium sulfate salting-out, gel filtration chromatography, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography with a purification fold of 5.2 and at a yield of 46.3%. The purified enzyme has molecular mass of 28 kDa and fibrinolytic activity of 4 580 U/mg. Since the concentration of nattokinase on fermentation broth was quite low, we cloned nattokinase gene from B. subtilis and expressed it in E. coli BL21 (DE3). Nattokinase was actively expressed in the recombinant strain. The yield of nattokinase was increased significantly, but the activity of the protein produced by recombinant strain was low.     

Novel Cellulase Profile of Trichoderma reesei Strains Constructed by cbh1 Gene Replacement with eg3 Gene Expression Cassette

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is consi-dered to be the most efficient cellulase producer, and hasa long history in the production of hydrolytic enzymes,which was widely used in the food and feed industriesand recently also used in the textile,…