一个新的小麦核不育材料的发现和鉴定

从轮选可育株衍生的后代中发现一个雄性不育株,即P740不育材料。在P7 40不育材料第1、2、3次姊妹交后代中,可育株与不育株的分离比分别符合4:1、 7:5和15:13。在第2次姊妹交后代中可育株产生的40个株系中,7个株系的育性分离比是15:1,33个株系是3:1,二者约分别占1/7和6/7。以上结果表明,P740是一个双隐性基因控制的核雄性不育材料。本文提出了计算隐性核不育材料姊妹交后代育性分离比率的公式。 Abstract:A male sterile material was found in the progeny derived from a fertile plant in the population of recurrent selection.The ratios of fertile to sterile plants in three sib-mating of the male sterile material with fertile plants were to 4:1,7:5 and 15:13,respcctively.In the 40 plant lines derived from the fertile plants of second sib-mating population,33 lines approximated to the segregation ratio of 3(fertile):a double recessive nuclear male sterile material.A genetic pattern for calculation of fertile segregation in sib-mating progenies of recessive nuclear male sterile material was advanced in this paper.     

蚕豆特矮秆突变体的遗传研究

用在国内首次发现的蚕豆特矮秆突变体的优良后代“鄂农 82矮”及高秆品种“启豆1号”为亲本, 研究了株高及其与株高密切有关的两个性状──节间长和节数的遗传。结果表明:株高、节间长、节数3个性状受核基因控制,不存在任何形式的母性遗传。供试双亲株高性状存在一对基因的差异,我们用Df-df表示这一基因座的两个等位基因,高秆亲本基因型为Df Df,矮秆亲本的基因型为dfdf,高秆对矮秆为显性。数量遗传分析表明,3个性状的遗传均符合加性显性模型,株高、节长的加性效应和显性效应都很重要,显性度接近于1。节数仅受加性效应控制,显性效应不显著。 Abstract:DwarF Enong 82,which derived from the unique dwarf mutant discovered in China,was crossed with the commercial broad bean cultivar Qidou 1.From the crossing six basic generations were generated for studing the genetical behaviors of plant height and two related characters i.e. node length and number of nodes.The results showed that the three characters were governed by nuclear genes.The difference in plant height between two parents was related to a loci,which was designated Df-df.Generation mean analyses revealed that the additive-dominance model was adequate to interpreting the inheritance of the three characters.The estimates of number of genes controlling these characterswere the same astheresults with Mendlian methods.     

应用多重PCR技术检测性器官异常患者的性别决定基因

采用针对人SRY基因及X与Y染色体同源序列的两对引物进行多重聚合酶链反应技术检测204例新生儿脐血DNA,男性均显示590bp、 355bp及280bp 3条扩增带,女性只有590bp1条扩增带,性别鉴定准确率为100%。又检测47例性器官异常患,13例社会性别为女性者只出现590bp扩增带,与核型性别结果一致。 34例社会性别为男性者中,有2例SRY基因检测结果阴性,只出现590bp带,核型为46,XX,证明这两例患者社会性别不相符,经病理证实后应诊断为女性假两性畸形。 Abstract:This investigation adapted multiplex PCR technique with two pairs of primer to determine sex according to the human SRY gene and X,Y chromosome analogical sequence.We detected bellybutton blood DNA from 204 newborns.Male revealed three bands:590bp,355bp and 280bp,and females only had one band which was 590bp,the accuracy of sex determination was 100%.47 sexual abnormal patients were tested.The results showed that 13 cases,whose social sex were female,had one 590bp band which consistent with their chromosome type sex.In the rest 34 cases,whose social sex were male,2cases showed,on the contrary,only one 590bp band and their chromosome type were 46,XX.This proved that the two patients did not consistent with their social sex,and pathological analysis showed that they were female pseud-hermaphroditism.     

细胞死亡的基因调节

GeneRegulationofProgrammedCellDeathYangJianminLiuLianrui(InstituteofGenetics,AcademiaSinica,Beijing100101)细胞死亡与细胞生长、分化和增殖一样是维持生物体平衡的重要环节。它是生命过程一个重要组成部分,只在近年来才引起生物学家和医学家的重视．细胞死亡现象称为Apoptosis,或称Programmedcelldeath（细胞程序化死亡）,也有称为Suicide（细胞自杀现象）。细胞死亡（apoptosis）是在细胞内和细胞外因子的严格控制下～种有步骤有活性的生理性自行消亡过程,正在死亡的细胞形态上发生明显的变化,如胞浆浓缩,原生质膜形…     

温泉蛇的染色体组型及Ag-NORs的研究

本文首次报道了温泉蛇(Thermophis baileyi)的染色体组型及Ag-NORs,其核型模式可表达为2n=36=14M+2T+20m, ZW型性决定,Z和W分别为中及亚端部着丝点染色体。该结果与游蛇属种类的核型有较大差异,从而旁证了将温泉蛇从游蛇属中分出的观点。仅一对NOR于No.9染色体长臂并与其次溢痕位置相当,该NOR与锦蛇属种类一致而与游蛇类不同。根据染色体特征,认为温泉蛇在游蛇亚科中处于较为原始的地位。     

关于群体遗传学一章教学改革的探讨

教学工作是培养人才的基本手段。随着社会的进步,教育理论也在不断更新。在发达国家,ＳＴＳ（ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ－ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ－ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ）教育理论（即把科学、技术和社会紧密联系进来）勃然兴起。我们所做尝试,除自身专业特点所决定,就是在这一原则思想指...     

TIBETODUS,A NEW PYCNODONT FISH FROM CHANGTU

A complete series of vomerine teeth of pycnodontoidea has been foundfrom the vicinity of Changtu(Sikang).It represents the first record of vertebrateremains in the Tibetan highlands.Order PycnodontoideaFamily CyrodontidaeGenus Tibetodus,new genusDiagnosis as given for the type species Tibetodus gyrodoidesSpecies Tibetodus gyrodoides,new species.Material:A vomer with the teeth nearly complete.Field No.C.3340.     

Angiotensin II receptor blocker as a novel therapy in acute lung injury induced by avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in mouse

<正>Dear Editor,Since the first recognized case of human infection with avian influenza H5N1 virus in 1997,the worldwide spread and re-emergence of this highly pathogenic influenza virus have led to 694 human infection cases.Of these cases,402died from 2003 to 2015(http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/EN_GIP_20150106CumulativeNumber H5N1cases.pdf?ua=1),with a morbidity rate of     

Calcium dobesilate for diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Many randomized clinical controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate in treating diabetic retinopathy(DR).This systematic review critically evaluated the evidence that links calcium dobesilate to DR.In this fixed-effects meta-analysis,a total of 221 pertinent English-language articles published between January 1975 and October 2013 were identified.Systematic searches of PUBMED,Springer Link and the Cochrane Clinical Trials Database were conducted using the keywords “diabetic retinopathy” and “calcium dobesilate”.The extracted information included the study design,inclusion and exclusion criteria,setting,sample size,participant mean age,treatment regime,mean change in best corrected visual acuity,laboratory parameters,capillary fragility,intraocular pressure and fundus manifestations based on the findings of fluorescent angiography.The summary statistics indicated that calcium dobesilate was significantly associated with improving retinal microaneurysms(RR: 0.62,95%CI: 0.42?0.90,P=0.01),retinalhemorrhages(RR: 0.39,95% CI: 0.17?0.88,P=0.02); exudates(RR: 0.31,95% CI: 0.12?0.81,P=0.02),reduction of whole blood viscosity(MD: ?0.57 CP,95% CI: ?0.75 to ?0.38,P<0.001),plasma viscosity(MD: ?0.36 CP,95% CI: ?0.63 to ?0.09,P=0.01) and blood cholesterol(MD: ?0.48 mg m L?1,95% CI: ?0.64?0.33,P<0.00001).Intraocular pressure was also significantly reduced(MD: ?5.59 mm Hg,95% CI: ?6.69 to ?4.50,P<0.00001).The results indicate that calcium dobesilate effectively treats DR at the systematic and local ocular levels.     

利用需氧反硝化细菌处理废水的潜在应用价值

Denitrificationis the ability of bacteria to use nitro-gen oxides(NO3-and NO2-)as electron acceptorsto pro-duce gaseous nitrogen,mainly N2.The oxidation of or-ganic material coupled to reduction of oxygen leads to ahigher energy yield than reduction of nitrate.Oxygen iscommonly accepted to be the first choice as electron ac-ceptor[1].Therefore,denitrifying is generally thought toonly occur under almost anaerobic conditions.Anefficientwastewater treatment toremove nitrogen components relieson…