Are ecological systems chaotic - And if not, why not?

Chaotic dynamics emerge when positive/negative feedback systems are dominated much of the time by positive feedback growth processes. Although all ecological systems contain the seeds of chaos (positive feedback), empirical evidence and evolutionary/ecological reasoning support the view that ecosystems do not normally behave chaotically. They may, however, be driven to chaos by human actions that increase growth rates or induce delays in the regulatory (negative feedback) processes.     

鸟类核型研究集形目9种

本文报道了蜂鹰、鸢,苍鹰、雀鹰、松雀鹰、普通鸷、鹊鹞、燕隼和猎隼9种鸟类的核型。鹰科鸟类具有与其它鸟类截然不同的核型。其特点为多而短的大染色体,长度匀称的棱型。谜种匀称的核型是由一般鸟类不匀称核型的大染色体发生了一系列着丝点分裂而形成     

两种捕食马尾松毛虫鸟类的初步研究

大山雀和白颊噪鹛是马尾松毛虫的最重要捕食性天敌。大山雀营巢于墙洞、土洞和树洞中,每窝产卵4—9枚。孵卵期平均14.8天,育雏期15—18天,幼鸟出窝率56.06％。白颊噪鹛营巢于浓密的杉树树冠及荆刺丛中,每窝产卵2—5枚,孵卵期平均14.6天,幼鸟出窝率36.36—44.26％。大山雀对1龄松毛虫为吞食,对2龄以上的松毛虫只啄食虫体的一部分;白颊噪鹛对各龄松毛虫均为吞食。在林间松树上人工放虫后3—4天,鸟对松毛虫的最高捕食率达94.84％。对已驯化的鸟在笼内做捕食量测定,大山雀和白颊噪鹛对1龄松毛虫每小时的捕食量分别为187和951条。     

鸟类核型研究 隼形目9种

本文报道了蜂鹰、鸢、苍鹰、雀鹰、松雀鹰、普通鵟,鹊鹞、燕隼和猎隼9种鸟类的核型。鹰科鸟类具有与其它鸟类截然不同的核型。其特点为多而短的大染色体,长度匀称的核型。这种匀称的核型是由一般鸟类不匀称核型的大染色体发生了一系列着丝点分裂而形成。     

红斑羚和斑羚几种常见行为的比较观察

作者对上海动物目3头红斑羚和5头斑羚进行了观察研究。主要地就取食行为,反刍行为,饮水行为,休息行为,舐痒和搔痒行为,威胁行为,排粪和排尿行为进行了比较,初步找到了这两种同属的动物在这些行为上的一些异同之处,对它们在形态和生理上的异同之处作了行为上的补充,说明了这两个近缘物种之间由于生殖隔离和对不同环境的适应,在行为上也是有异同之处的。     

桂西北红水河中上游流域鸟类考察初报

1985—1986年,对广西西北部红水河中上游流域的鸟类作了初步考察,共采集到标本175种和亚种,分隶于13目33科,其中有17种和亚种为广西新纪录。在动物地理区划上,调查区归属于华中区,但据调查结果分析,其鸟类区系组成以华南区成份为主,结合该地植被和气候情况,作者认为,华南区的北界在桂西段应北移至沿红水河和南盘江北岸划线较为合适。     

闽,粤,海南地区的斯氏线虫科及异小杆线虫科分布调查

本文是对闽、粤、海南等地区27个县(市)昆虫病原线虫分布的调查结果。从1983至1987年共采集土壤样品600多个,从中分离出昆虫病原线虫39号,全部鉴定到属,少数鉴定到种。结果表明,闽、粤、海南均有斯氏线虫科及异小杆线虫科分布,该两科线虫的发现率,沿海20公里内的花生地,番薯地较高,砂土,砂壤土较高。     

冷处理金黄仓鼠卵和四种不同培养液对人精子染色体制备的影响

本文研究了冷处理金黄仓鼠卵与4种不同培养液对人精子单倍染色体制备的影响。冷处理组与未经冷处理组的穿透率与染色体出现率经X~2处理、P<0.001,表明通过冷处理可适当延长卵的制备时间,减轻卵的老化。4种不同培养液的染色体出现率与分散好的染色体率对比结果经X~2处理,P>0.1,表明无统计学差异,作者认为四种不同培养液均可用于该实验中,但首先选用F_(10)、卵培养液和改良BWW液。     

Mobilization of the gypsy and copia retrotransposons in Drosophila melanogaster induces reversion of the ovo dominant female-sterile mutations: molecular analysis of revertant alleles

The ovo locus is required for the maintenance of the female germ line in Drosophila melanogaster. In the absence of an ovo⁺ gene, males are completely normal but females have no germ-line stem cells. Three dominant mutations at the ovo locus, called ovo^D, were observed to revert towards recessive alleles at high frequency when ovo^D males were crossed to females of the strain y v f mal. We have found that this strain contains an inordinately high number of gypsy transposable elements, and crossing it with the ovo^D strains results in the mobilization of both gypsy and copia, with high-frequency insertions into the ovo locus: of 16 revertants examined 12 have gypsy and four have copia inserted at 4E, the ovo cytological site. Using gypsy DNA as a tag we have cloned 32 kb of wild-type DNA sequences surrounding a gypsy insertion and characterized molecular rearrangements in several independent revertants: in 10 of them gypsy appears to be inserted into the same site. The orientation of gypsy is strictly correlated with whether the neighbouring lozenge-like mutation appears in the revertants. A distal limit of the ovo locus was molecularly determined from the breakpoint of a deletion affecting closely flanking regions.