Laboratory and Clinical Predictors of Disease Progression following Initiation of Combination Therapy in HIV-Infected Adults in Thailand

BACKGROUND: Data on determinants of long-term disease progression in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are limited in low and middle-income settings. METHODS: Effects of current CD4 count, viral load and haemoglobin and diagnosis of AIDS-defining events (ADEs) after start of combination ART (cART) on death and new ADEs were assessed using Poisson regression, in patient aged ≥18 years within a multi-centre cohort in Thailand. RESULTS: Among 1,572 patients, median follow-up from cART initiation was 4.4 (IQR 3.6-6.3) years. The analysis of death was based on 60 events during 6,573 person-years; 30/50 (60%) deaths with underlying cause ascertained were attributable to infections. Analysis of new ADE included 192 events during 5,865 person-years; TB and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia were the most commonly presented first new ADE (35% and 20% of cases, respectively). In multivariable analyses, low current CD4 count after starting cART was the strongest predictor of death and of new ADE. Even at CD4 above 200 cells/mm(3), survival improved steadily with CD4, with mortality rare at ≥500 cells/mm(3) (rate 1.1 per 1,000 person-years). Haemoglobin had a strong independent effect, while viral load was weakly predictive with poorer prognosis only observed at ≥100,000 copies/ml. Mortality risk increased following diagnosis of ADEs during cART. The decline in mortality rate with duration on cART (from 21.3 per 1,000 person-years within first 6 months to 4.7 per 1,000 person-years at ≥36 months) was accounted for by current CD4 count. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with low CD4 count or haemoglobin require more intensive diagnostic and treatment of underlying causes. Maintaining CD4≥500 cells/mm(3) minimizes mortality. However, patient monitoring could potentially be relaxed at high CD4 count if resources are limited. Optimal ART monitoring strategies in low-income settings remain a research priority. Better understanding of the aetiology of anaemia in patients on ART could guide prevention and treatment.     

葛根素对胃蛋白酶部分性质的影响

考察葛根素对胃蛋白酶的抑制作用,并通过紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究葛根素与胃蛋白酶的结合方式。以1/v对抑制剂量用Dixon作图法得出ki值为0.51×103mol/L,抑制剂类型为非竞争性抑制。葛根素与胃蛋白酶分子结合形成稳定缔合物,从而改变后者分子构象,使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收差谱迅速增强,特征荧光峰产生静态淬灭。     

Spectral Test Instrument for Color Vision Measurement

Common displays such as CRT or LCD screens have hmlted capabilities in displaying most color spectra correctly. The main disadvantage of these devices is that they work with three primaries and the colors displayed are the mixture of these three colours. Consequently these devices can be confusing in testing human color identification, because the spectral distribution of the colors displayed is the combined spectrum of the three primaries. We have developed a new instrument for spectrally correct color vision measurement. This instrument uses light emitting diodes (LEDs) and is capable of producing all spectra of perceivable colors, thus with appropriate test methods this instrument can be a reliable and useful tool in testing human color vision and in verifying color vision correction.     

海豹也需要尊重

每年春天．成千上万只琴海豹和帽海豹从北极迁游到加拿大东海岸,在圣劳伦斯湾清新纯净的浮冰上繁殖后代。那时,万里冰原变成了海豹的育婴园。雪白、毛绒绒的小海豹沐浴在初春的阳光下,依偎在妈妈的身旁吸吮乳汁。刚出生的小海豹不会游泳,为了抗拒严寒,它们必须大量地吃极富脂肪的奶水,以每天增长两公斤的速度成长。春末夏初,冰面融化,     

The complete mitochondrial genomes sequences of Asio flammeus and Asio otus and comparative analysis

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as a model sys-tem, has been extensively used for molecular phy-logenetic and evolutionary analysis[1]. With the ad-vances in DNA sequencing technology, more andmore researchers prefer to use complete mitochondrialgenome for phylogenetic analysis[2—4]. Since the com-plete sequencing of human mtDNA in 1981 (Andersonet al., 1981)[5], 342 vertebrate mitochondrial genomeshave so far been sequenced. Up to now the completesequences of 29 avian mitochondrial genomes h…     

《生物多样性》2000年度优秀论文奖

经我刊2/3以上编委投票,并经编委会讨论评选出2000年度优秀论文奖,公布如下： 　　黄宏文,龚俊杰,王圣梅,何子灿,张忠慧,李建强.猕猴桃属(Actinidia)植物的遗传多样性.2000,8(1)1～12 　　东秀珠,沈德龙,辛玉华.16S rDNA同源性所揭示的双歧杆菌与有关细菌的亲缘关系.2000,8（2）146～152 　　王剑伟,王伟,崔迎松.野生和近交稀有鮈鲫的遗传多样性.2000,8（3）241～247 　　本刊将对以上作者颁发荣誉证书、赠送2001年全年刊物并给予一定的物质奖励。 《生物多样性》编辑部     

康乃馨红色素的提取研究

研究了用树脂吸附和分离康乃馨红色素 ,比较了 4种树脂对康乃馨红色素的吸附。结果表明 ,四种树脂对康乃馨红色素的吸附效果均较好。本实验选用AB 8树脂作吸附剂。洗脱剂用 6 0 %的乙醇 ,洗脱效果好 ,产品杂质少 ,色价高 ,且使用 2 0次后其吸附性能稳定 ,所以选用AB 8树脂吸附康乃馨红色素