植物细胞核雄性不育相关bHLH转录因子研究进展

雄性不育广泛存在于种子植物中。植物雄性不育不仅是植物生殖发育研究的重要内容,同时也可作为杂种优势利用的有效工具,因而具有重要的理论和应用价值。bHLH转录因子家族是植物中成员最多的转录因子家族,在植株的整个生长发育过程中起着重要的调控作用。本文介绍了拟南芥、水稻、玉米等几种重要模式植物bHLH转录因子调控雄蕊发育的作用机制,并重点阐述其功能异常引起细胞核雄性不育的分子机制,以期为作物育种与理论研究提供参考。     

艾美耳混合球虫对高原鼠兔致死毒力的初步研究

球虫是专一性地寄生于宿主体内且对宿主有很强致死性的一种原生动物。艾美耳球虫是高原鼠兔的主要寄生物。利用艾美耳球虫防治高原鼠兔将具有重要的生态学意义和应用价值。本研究通过人工感染不同剂量的艾美耳混合球虫研究了对高原鼠兔的致死毒力。高原鼠兔的成体死亡率与球虫的感染剂量呈正相关关系,感染600 × 10⁴ 个/ mL 剂量的球虫可导致大部分高原鼠兔成体死亡,而感染60 ×10⁴ 个/mL 剂量的球虫可导致全部亚成体死亡;成体和亚成体的死亡率无性别间的差异,其死亡时间分别为第4 d和第8 d。感染60 × 10⁴ 个/ mL 剂量球虫的高原鼠兔随粪便排出的卵囊数量最大。本研究结果表明,艾美耳球虫对高原鼠兔的非急性致死效应类似于慢性杀鼠剂的作用。如果野外大剂量投放艾美耳球虫制剂后,不仅有望短期内有效降低高原鼠兔种群数量,而且其控制效果可具长效性的潜在优点。     

从噬菌体展示的构象限制性随机肽库中筛选有 trkB 结合活性的小肽

脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)能够促进多种神经元的存活和分化, 在神经退行性疾病的治疗中具有广阔的应用前景, 但由于其分子量大而无法穿过血脑屏障, 限制了其临床应用. 以表达于NIH 3T3细胞上的BDNF受体trkB为靶分子, 从噬菌体展示的随机肽库中筛选与trkB有亲和力的小肽, 采用不表达trkB 的NIH 3T3细胞预吸附和最后一轮筛选以1 μg/mL的BDNF竞争性洗脱策略, 使能与trkB天然构象结合、又能有效拮抗BDNF与trkB结合的特异性噬菌体得到了有效富集, 获得了5种trkB结合小肽, 它们有核心序列CRA/TXφXXφXXC(X代表随机残基, φ为T, L或I). 对展示有5种外源小肽的噬菌体进行了初步生物活性测定, 未发现有BDNF样活性, 反而能剂量依赖性地拮抗BDNF的生物功能. 依据其中一个克隆序列(C1)合成的肽也证实有拮抗BDNF的作用, 表明获得的5种小肽可能为trkB受体拮抗剂. 这些trkB拮抗性小肽在治疗神经母细胞瘤和慢性痛以及神经生物学研究中具有应用前景, 同时也为构建二级噬菌体展示肽库、继续筛选BDNF模拟小肽奠定了基础.     

Effects of anesthesia-induced modest hypothermia on cellular radiation sensitivity

To assess the mechanisms of modest hypothermia (MH) and its effects on cellular radiation response, a model of anesthesia-induced modest hypothermia (AIMH) in the adult mice and a model of pure MH in the newborn mice were established. The survival rate of lethally irradiated mice was increased to 72% through AIMH before irradiation. Both apoptosis and necrosis of human fetal bone marrow CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells cultured under MH were significantly decreased as detected by MTT and flow cytometry, with three-color labeled by PE-CD34+/ FITC-AnnexinV /7AAD. The survival and proliferation of mouse bone marrow MNC treated with MH after irradiation were also increased. The MH exerted similar protective effects on the leukemia cell lines A20, HL60, K562 to the normal bone marrow cells, but it enhanced the radiation sensitivity of leukemia cell line FBL3 and mouse melanoma B16F10. No effects have been found on the radiation sensitivity of those cells treated with MH before irradiation. The results also show     

高原鼠兔种群的性比

The sex ratio (♂ / ♀ ) of plateau pika's (Ochotona curzoniae) population was studied by re-captured method in the region of the Haibei Mpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences from April of 2001 to August of 2002. The result showed that there was no significant difference from 1:1 in adult's sex ratio in whole breeding season, whereas the sex ratio of juvenile had some fluctuations among different age stages. The sex ratio of the second litter varied significantly from embryo to 60-day-old, but no difference at the first and the third litter. We concluded it was caused by conflict between maternal strategy and juvenile's strategy. No significant differences of sex ratio were found both in adult and juvenile between 2001 and 2002. The sex ratio of plateau pika before and after overwintering did not vary. In summary,we proposed that sex ratio of plateau pika's population was not influenced by exogenous factors, but some serf-regulation mechanisms may be involved.     

多聚蛋白聚糖酶与骨关节疾病

多聚蛋白聚糖酶是ADAMTS家族中的一员,受多种细胞因子的调节。它可以降解多聚蛋白聚糖核心蛋白上至少五种不同的位点,使多聚蛋白聚糖降解造成关节软骨变性坏死。关节组织中多聚蛋白聚糖酶及其抑制剂的数量保持着动态平衡,从而维持关节软骨的正常代谢,一旦失衡就会产生病理性损伤。该从多聚蛋白聚糖酶的结构、活化过程、调节因素以及与其他相关生物大分子的关系多个角度阐述了多聚蛋白聚糖酶研究的进展及其与骨关节疾病的关系。     

产Shiga毒素噬菌体ψ297在大肠杆菌K12染色体上整合位点的定位研究

鉴定大肠杆菌O157产生Shiga毒素(Stx)的噬菌体ψ297在大肠杆菌K12染色体上的插入位点.采用加接头PCR方法从与噬菌体933W的整合酶基因int同源的核苷酸开始向未知区域进行步移测序,寻找目的基因.将获得的DNA序列与核苷酸数据库进行比较,确定了细菌性噬菌体ψ297的attL、attR和中心序列位于大肠杆菌K12的yecE基因内.噬菌体ψ297在宿主细胞E.coliK12染色体上的整合位点是yecE基因.     

PKCε与Lck在细胞内直接相互作用的荧光共振能量转移证据

蛋白激酶Cε亚型 (PKCε)和蛋白酪氨酸激酸Lck均在心肌缺血预适应的信号转导中起着十分重要的作用 .构建PKCε和Lck与绿色荧光蛋白的融合蛋白的真核细胞表达载体 .将其共转染H2 93细胞进行表达 .用荧光显微镜观察到荧光共振能量转移现象 ,从而获得了PKCε和Lck在细胞内发生直接相互作用的证据     

关于高阶多时滞中立型微分方程的周期解

本文研究高阶常系数线性多时滞中立型方程的周期解,得到了周期解存在的充分 必要条件,改进或推广了文［１－７］的主要结果。