恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)转移因子的研究 Ⅰ转移对结素和破类延迟超敏反应到人的实验研究

将对结素和破类呈现阳性皮肤延迟超敏反应的恒河猴的淋巴结和脾脏剪碎,匀浆,过滤和高速离心,以葡聚糖G25凝胶过滤分离成6个组分。只有组分Ⅳ不仅能将皮肤延迟超敏反应在同种异体之间转移,而且能从恒河猴转移到人。不管TF供体和培养淋巴细胞供体对抗原的应答如何,所有组分均有增强SK—SD刺激淋巴细胞转化作用,组分Ⅲ和Ⅳ的混合物作用最强。组分Ⅲ和Ⅳ对人的淋巴细胞亦有类似的作用。因此,恒河猴TF增强抗原刺激淋巴细胞转化的作用是没有抗原特异性和种属特异性的。 初步的生化分析表明,组分Ⅳ含有RNA,多肽和次黄嘌呤,薄层色谱有2个254nm紫外光吸收成分和2个节三酮显色成分,等电点聚焦电泳时出现17条考马斯兰R250着色带。 这些结果说明,有可能用恒河猴制备某些人类疾病的特异性TF。     

云南省茸足蚤属一新种记述(蚤目;细蚤科)

近年,我们从云南西北部采到茸足蚤属(Geusibia Jordan,1932)一新种。兹记述如下: 云南茸足蚤Geusibia yunnanensis,新种 鉴别特征 本新种与我国四川的半圆茸足蚤(G.hemisphaera Liu,Chen et Liu,1981)接近。与该种的重要区别是:♂,1)抱器体后缘中部无粗短的指形突;2)第8腹板基部仅有一条骨化杆,中部缺乏稍淡的骨化弯钩;3)可动突最宽处在中段;4)第9腹板后臂相当于膨部的钩状突形状不同而较宽;5)阳茎钩突端膨大,较圆。♀,第7腹板后突通常有浅凹,凹陷的下方有明显的后腹角或齿突。     

香之道：吸引与护佑

迷人的芳香，起源自生物生存繁衍的需要，飘散到人类生活的各个领域。它既能安神开窍，又可祛病疗疾；既能悠然于书斋琴房，又可缥缈于庙宇神坛。它被赋予了神性与美感。古往今来，香已经逐渐成为我们生活中不可或缺的味道。     

在不同的光学调制度水平下测定的对比敏感度函数

前文中,我们根据小尺寸矩形孔的 MTF(T_□)在高频部分的下降比对比敏感度函数(Tcs)下降快得多的事实,揭示了随空间频率(SF)的增加,网膜-大脑系统的 MTF(Trb)表现愈趋明显的补偿作用。     

古植物学在解释中国植物地理上的潜力

中国许多植物分类群的现代分布证明了一些区系重要性中心可能是古老的并且具有进化的意义,或者这些中心可能仅仅是它们在新生代迁移历史中最后的一些场所。本文概述白刺属(Nitraria),麻黄属(Ephedra),山核桃属(Carya),枫香树属(Liquidambar),枫杨属(Pterocarya)以及桦木科(Betu-laceae)这些分类群在中国的新生代和现在的分布。结论是:现在这些属的重要性中心不同于它们在新生代某个地质世代的;每个分类群在新生代中都经历过较大规模的迁移和遭受过具有重要意义的一些消灭作用的影响。桦木科的演变历史虽然在主要方面已经解决但还是不很明朗。     

Sex differences in the electrocommunication signals of the electric fish Apteronotus bonapartii

The South American weakly-electric knifefish (Apteronotidae) produce highly diverse and readily quantifiable electrocommunication signals. The electric organ discharge frequency (EODf), and EOD modulations (chirps and gradual frequency rises (GFRs)), vary dramatically across sexes and species, presenting an ideal opportunity to examine the proximate and ultimate bases of sexually dimorphic behavior. We complemented previous studies on the sexual dimorphism of apteronotid communication signals by investigating electric signal features and their hormonal correlates in Apteronotus bonapartii, a species which exhibits strong sexual dimorphism in snout morphology. Electrocommunication signals were evoked and recorded using a playback paradigm, and were analyzed for signal features including EOD frequency and the structure of EOD modulations. To investigate the androgenic correlates of sexually dimorphic EOD signals, we measured plasma concentrations of testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone. A. bonapartii responded robustly to stimulus playbacks. EODf was sexually monomorphic, and males and females produced chirps with similar durations and amounts of frequency modulation. However, males were more likely than females to produce chirps with multiple frequency peaks. Sexual dimorphism in apteronotid electrocommunication signals appears to be highly evolutionarily labile. Extensive interspecific variation in the magnitude and direction of sex differences in EODf and in different aspects of chirp structure suggest that chirp signals may be an important locus of evolutionary change within the clade. The weakly-electric fish represent a rich source of data for understanding the selective pressures that shape, and the neuroendocrine mechanisms that underlie, diversity in the sexual dimorphism of behavior.