利用花粉管通道技术培育番茄耐盐新种质

利用白花授粉后形成的花粉管通道分别将番茄耐盐野生近缘种Lycopersicon peruvianum LAlll、Lycopersicon cheesmanii LAl66、Lycopersicon pennellii LA716、Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium LA2184的总DNA及含来源于大麦LEA基因家族的HVAl基因的pBY520质粒DNA导人栽培番茄“鲜丰”及“矮黄”,获得了较为广泛的变异,经过对后代的选择培育获得了一批农艺性状优良的耐盐新种质,并已培育耐盐新品系1个;传统的叶色遗传与现代的PCR检测表明番茄通过花粉管通道导人外源DNA是可行的。     

延迟交配对山楂叶螨繁殖的影响

为了探索雌螨延迟交配对整个种群的负面效应, 采用叶碟饲养法, 在室内条件下研究了延迟交配对山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis Zacher繁殖及种群增长的影响。结果表明: 雌螨延迟交配主要影响寿命、产卵量, 进而影响种群增长率; 随着雌螨交配时间的延迟, 影响的程度逐渐加剧。交配延迟达到或超过7 d, 雌螨的寿命比对照延长20.17%, 产卵量比对照下降26.74%, 但对后代的孵化率、存活率无明显影响。对生命表参数的分析结果表明, 雌螨交配延迟达到或超过7 d, 会导致净生殖率显著下降、平均世代周期历期显著延长, 而内禀增长率则在交配延迟3 d时显著降低。未经交配的雌螨只能营孤雌生殖, 寿命延长了31.14%, 产卵量减少了30.08%。营孤雌生殖的雌螨可以通过与其后代回交而实现两性生殖。结果提示延迟交配会导致山楂叶螨的繁殖力降低。     

Cloning of a NaCl-induced fructose-1, 6-diphosphate aldolase cDNA from<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dunaliella salina</Emphasis> and its expression in tobacco

Using Rapid Amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique, the full-length cDNA encoding a NaCl-induced fructose-1, 6-diphosphate aldolase (DsALDP) was obtained. It was shown that the DsALDP had a relatively high homology (66%–73%) to chloroplast fructose-1, 6-diphosphate aldolase (AldP) in many plants according to their amino acid sequences. The phylogenetic analysis further confirmed that AldP in alga is the nearest to DsALDP. As to its expression pattern,DsALDP was denovo synthesized by NaCl induction. Its expression level was significantly changed with inducing time. After the selectedDsALDP cDNA subcloned into a binary vector pBI121, the new construct was introduced into tobacco byAgrobacterium tumefaciens. The results of Southern blot and RT-PCR analysis of four transgenic T1 plants indicated thatDsALDP was integrated into genome of these transgenic plants and effectively expressed. Aldolase activities have been detected in T1-1, T1-2 and T1-3 plants by bioassay under 100–200 mmol/L NaCl. It was also observed that proline contents in them were differentially increased.