寡核苷酸探针(CAC)5/(GTG) 5指纹的非放射性标记和检测

在ＤＮＡ指纹分析中,通常采用的是同位素３２Ｐ标记ＤＮＡ分子探针,可检测到微微克（ｐｇ）靶序列。但３２Ｐ半衰期很短（仅有１４天）,使用和运输均不方便,３２Ｐ还放出硬射线,对实验者身体造成损害,需要一定的防护措施,并且容易污染环境。因此,科学家们研制出了...     

植物体细胞无性系变异的分子基础

TheMoleculBasicofSomaclonalVariationinPlantsZhangChunyiYangHanmin(BiologyDepartmentofLanzhouUniversityLanzhou730000)近年来,随着植物细胞和组织培养技术的迅速发展与广泛应用,不断发现在培养细胞和再生植株中存在着各种不同的变异,其中有些是可以遗传的,这种可遗传的变异被称为体细胞无性系变异[39]．变异的发生有其遗传学基础,具体表现在显微水平上的染色体数目和结构变异与分子水平上的基因突变、碱基修饰、基因扩增或丢失、基因重排以及转座因子的激活而影响核及细胞质基因的表达等等．目前,人们在已经积累的大量有…     

Rapid changes of microsatellite flanking sequence in the allopolyploidization of new synthesized hexaploid wheat

Polyploidy has been found to be very common inplants. Comparative genome studies have revealed thateven species that were considered as typical diploidsincluding maize[1], soybean[2], Arabidopsis[3] have un-dergone polyploidization during their evolution. Ge-nome polyploidization is a major force of evolutionthat affects genome size and gene copy number[4,5]. Polyploids can be formed via the duplication ofgenomes, either of the same genomes (autopolyploid)or of diverged genomes with homoe…     

植物叶片蛋白质双向电泳技术的改进与优化

通过对传统的双向电泳方法进行改进与优化,得到了一种适合于分析植物叶 片蛋白质的双向电泳新方法。用改进后的方法对水稻不同时期成熟叶片蛋白质进行双向电泳分离,结果显示其稳定性和重复性好,分辨率较高,经考马斯亮蓝染色后可分辨出300多个蛋白质(肽)点。它们的等电点和分子量主要分布于pI4.1-8.2和10-100kDa之间。本文还就实验过程中出现的一些技术问题进行了讨论。 Abstract:Base on the method of O farrell,an improved procedure for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of leaf proteins is presented.The two-dimensional separation of proteins from the mature leaves of different developmental stages of rice provides distinct and steady results.The detected protein(peptide)spots stained by Coomassie brilliant blue R-250 are more than 300,with isoelectric points(pI)ranging from 4.1 to 8.2 and molecular weights(MW)from 10 kDa to 100 kDa.     

火炬树的组织培养及植株再生

植物名称　火炬树 (Ｒｈｕｓｔｙｐｈｉｎａ)。2　材料类别　茎尖。3　培养条件　培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ;( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 3)ＭＳ。以上培养基均加蔗糖 30ｇ·Ｌ-1、琼脂 7ｇ·Ｌ-1,ｐＨ 6～ 6 .5 ;培养温度白天 2 5～ 30℃ ,夜间 1 5～ 2 0℃ ;光照时间 1 2ｈ·ｄ-1,光照度 2 0 0 0～ 2 5 0 0ｌｘ。4　生长与分化情况4.1　芽的分化　剪取健壮的枝条 ,先将枝条切成小段 ,每段带一个芽 ,在无菌条件下 ,将切段浸入 70 %酒精中 ,经数秒钟 ,再用 0 .1 %升汞溶液浸泡 8ｍｉｎ ,然后…     

Cytoskeleton in Pollen and Pollen Tubes of Ginkgo biloba L.

The distribution of F-actin and microtubules was investigated in pollen and pollen tubes of Ginkgo biloba L. using a confocal laser scanning microscope after fluorescence and immunofluorescence labeling. A dense F-actin network was found in hydrated Ginkgo pollen. When Ginkgo pollen was germinating,F-actin mesh was found under the plasma membrane from which the pollen tube would emerge. After pollen germination, F-actin bundles were distributed axially in long pollen tubes of G. biloba. Thick F-actin bundles and network were found in the tip of the Ginkgo pollen tube, which is opposite to the results reported for the pollen tubes of some angiosperms and conifers. In addition, a few circular F-actin bundles were found in Ginkgo pollen tubes. Using immunofluorescence labeling, a dense microtubule network was found in hydrated Ginkgo pollen under confocal microscope. In the Ginkgo pollen tube, the microtubules were distributed along the longitudinal axis and extended to the tip. These results suggest that the cytoskeleton may have an essential role in the germination of Ginkgo pollen and tube growth.     

Snapshot of HIV pathogenesis in China

Several reviews have focused on the nature of HIV infection and its spread in various geographical regions of China. In contrast, this review provides a comprehensive update on the prevalence of multiple HIV- 1 subtypes, consequent emergence of recombinant and novel forms of HIV- 1 in China, and the implications this may have on HIV diversity and the development of effective vaccines. In addition it also examines the dissemination of primary drug resistance in therapy naive patients, as well as co-infections with two other important viruses-hepatitis B and C. The main purpose of this review is to provide a current snapshot of HIV-1 pathogenesis in China and possibly shed some light on the future of HIV evolution, and potential challenges for future vaccine and anti-retroviral therapeutics against HIV strains in this area.     

Current progress of China＇s free ART program

China＇s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and care and resource limitations, China＇s efforts to provide widespread access to free antiretroviral therapy has been a process fraught with difficulty. However, the Free ART Program is progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. The development of national guidelines, training programs, a laboratory support network, a national patient database, programs for special populations such as children and patients living with coinfections, and operational research has improved the scope and quality of the free treatment program. As of June 30, 2005, a total of 19,456 patients in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities had received free ART. Challenges stemming from the nature of China＇s health system and patient population persist, but with strong government support and a diverse set of resources, China has the capacity to overcome these challenges and to provide nationwide access to high quality treatment and care.     

The development of the region between the preexisting and nascent membranes during the first cleavage of Rana amurensis eggs

The region between the preexisting and nascentmembranes of a cleaving Rana egg is a dense protrusionregion of nearly 40μm wide at 180°stage.Later,thisregion differentiate,into an upper part,a strip withlong, branched and randomly distributed protrusionswhich are derived largely from the preexistingmembrane,and a lower part,a band with microvilli.During 4-and 8-cel1 stages,the strip is almost vanishedand microvilli in the band is shortened.The nascentmembrane is smooth at the 180°stage,then a rough areaappears below the smooth region and quickly expands.Wheat germ agglutinin which can bind to preexistingmembrane interrupts the development of the regionbetween the preexisting and nascent membranes.Detergent,Brij,having the property to increase the areaof nascent membrane,does not interrupt the developmentof the region between the preexisting and nascentmembranes.